• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.63-68
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• 2013

Purpose: In case of the failed replantation, if the patients want to preserve the length of amputated stump, toe transfer is the ideal choice. However, reconstruction of these amputated stump with a free flap can be a useful method when the patients refuse sacrificing their toe. Our purpose of this study is to evaluate availability of functional results and patient satisfaction after this procedure. Materials and Methods: From March 2008 to February 2012, we reconstructed the amputated stump with free flap by patients demand. Eleven patients were included, medial plantar artery perforator flap in seven cases and great toe pulp flap in five cases. Follow-up range 12 to 24 months and we evaluate patient satisfaction by using a visual analogue scale (VAS; 1=unsatisfied, 5=excellent) and functional recovery by measuring the range of motion of remaining joint at 12 months after operation. Results: During follow-up period, all transferred free flaps survived and no major complications were noted. Range of motion of remaining joint appeared satisfactory result ($15^{\circ}$ to $100^{\circ}$). The VAS patient satisfaction score for aesthetic were five in six patients, four in four patients, and three in one patient. Conclusion: In case of the failed digital replantation, if patient refuse toe transfer, it could be useful method to reconstruction with the free flap to preserving maximal length of amputated stump.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.49-55
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• 2000

Nonunion and avascular necrosis are well-recognized complications of severe ankle injury especially aftrer talar neck fracture. The treatment of avascular necrosis is controversial and methods of treatment are limited. Many modalities have been introduced for the treatment of avascular necrosis of talus. The prolonged non-weight bearing for 2~3 years is not practical but also is occasionally complicated by late segmental collapse. Operative treatment includes tibiotalar arthrodesis and talectomy with tibiocalcaneal arthrodesis, but arthrodesis in patients with talar avascular necrosis is technically demanding and cause stiff, immobile foot and relatively high failure rate was reported. It is desirable to preserve their original joint if possible. Vascularized fibular grafting has been reported as a joint preserving treatment option for osteonecrosis of the hip but has not been described for the ankle. The authors applied free vascularized fibular grafts for 3 cases of avascular necrosis of talus. We observed evidences of revascularization of necrotic talar body and progression of fracture healing and obtained satisfactory results at mean 8 months of follow-up. Vascularized fibular grafting is one of the better alternatives for treating avascular necrosis of talus. It is expected that vascularized fibular grafting can prevent the necrotic talar dome from progressing to collapse and promote directly restored vascularization and new bone formation.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2021년도 학술발표회
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• pp.69-69
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• 2021

From the unprecedented 2011 spring flood, the residens reside by Lake Champlain and Richelieu River encountered enormous damages. The International Joint Committee (IJC) released the Lake Champlain-Richelieu River (LCRR) Plan of Study (PoS). One of the major tasks for the PoS is to investigate the possible scenarios that might happen in the LCRR basin based on the stochastic simulation of the Net Basin Supplies that calculates the amount of flow into the lake and the river. Therefore, the current study proposed a novel apporach that simulate the annual NBS teleconnecting the climate index. The proposed model employed the bivariate empirical decomposition to contamporaneously model the long-term evolution of nonstationary oscillation embeded in the annual NBS and the climate signal (here, Artic Oscillation: AO). In order to represent the variational behavior of NBS correlation structure along with the temporal revolution of the climate index, a new nonstationary parameterization concept is proposed. The results indicate that the proposed model is superior performance in preserving long and short temporal correlation. It can even preserve the hurst coefficient better than any other tested models.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.31-38
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• 1992

The management of giant cell tumor involving juxta-articular portion has always been a difficult problem. In certain some giant cell tumors with bony destruction, a wide segmental resection may be needed for preventing to recur. But a main problem is preserving of bony continuity in bony defect as well as preservation of joint function. The traditional bone grafts have high incidence in recurrence rate, delayed union, bony resorption, stress fracture despite long immobilization and stiffness of adjuscent joint. We have attemped to overcome these problems by using a microvascular technique to transfer the fibula with peroneal vascular pedicle as a living bone graft. From Apr. 1984 to Nov. 1990, we performed the reconstruction of wide bone defect after segmental resection of giant cell tumor in 4 cases, using Vascularized Fibular Graft, which occur at the distal radius in 3 cases and at the proximal tibia in 1 case. An average follow-up was 2 years 8 months, average bone defect after wide segmental resection of lesion was 11.4cm. These all cases revealed good bony union in average 6.5months, and we got the wide range of motion of adjacent joint without recurrence and serious complications.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.125-132
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• 2007

Introduction: Ulna is nearly equal to radius in function and bony architecture and strength in forearm. But in lower extremity, fibula is 1/5 of tibia in anatomic and functional point so we can find fibula transposition is commonly used in defect of tibia. We cannot find other article about segmental forearm bone transposition in man. The purpose of this study was to report our clinical and functional result of undergoing segmented transposition of ipsilateral ulna with its own vascular supply in defect of radius in 6 cases. Material and method: From June 1994 to October 2007, 7 segmented bone transpositional grafts in forearm were performed in Kyung Hee Medical Center. The distribution of age was from 20 years old to 73 years old. There was male in 6 cases and female in 1 case. The causes of operation were giant cell tumor in 1 case and traumatic origin in 6 cases; it was nonunion in 2 cases and fracture with severe comminution in 4 cases. Ipsilaterally segmented ulna keeping its own vascular supply was transported to defect of radius in severe traumatic patients and one patient whose tumor in radius had been excised. Transported ulna was fixed to proximal and distal radius remnants by plate and screw. In one case with giant cell tumor, transported ulna was connected to radius across wrist joint as wrist joint fusion. Joint preserving procedures were performed in 6 cases with crushing injury of radius. Results: We could obtain solid bony union in all cases and good functional results. The disadvantage was relative shortening of forearm, but we could overcome this problem. Conclusion: We think that ipsilateral segmented ulna transposition keeping its own vascular supply to radius can be perfomed with one of procedures in cases with wide defect in radius.

• 한국컴퓨터그래픽스학회논문지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2021

본 논문에서는 캐릭터의 걷기 동작 데이터를 변형하는 방법을 제안한다. 이를 위하여 주 관절(root joint)의 이동 경로를 그래프로 분석하고 라플라스 연산자를 이용해 변형하는 방법을 사용한다. 주 관절의 경로는 동작 데이터의 각 프레임별 위치와 방향을 정점으로 하고 이를 인접 프레임의 정점과 연결한 그래프 형태로 나타낸다. 주 관절 경로를 라플라스 연산자를 이용하여 좌표계를 변환하고 이를 목표 위치 및 방향에 맞도록 반복적인 방법으로 해를 구하여 변형한다. 이 방법을 이용하여 동작 데이터의 걷기 스타일을 유지하면서 다양한 경로의 걷기 동작을 얻을 수 있게 되며 많은 비용이 드는 동작 데이터 취득을 최소화할 수 있다. 최종 모션은 변형된 주 관절 경로를 기준으로 기존 모션의 다른 관절을 위치시키고 후처리하여 생성한다. 본 논문에서 제안한 방법을 응용함으로써 적은 모션 데이터로도 복잡한 환경에서 캐릭터의 걷는 동작을 생성하는 것을 보인다.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.175-178
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• 2014

We introduce the Energy-Based Blind Separating (EBS) algorithm for extremely fast separation of mixed speech signals without loss of quality, which is performed in two stages: iterative-form separation and closed-form separation. This algorithm significantly improves the separation speed simply due to incorporating only some specific frequency bins into computations. Simulation results show that, on average, the proposed algorithm is 43 times faster than the independent component analysis (ICA) for speech signals, while preserving the separation quality. Also, it outperforms the fast independent component analysis (FastICA), the joint approximate diagonalization of eigenmatrices (JADE), and the second-order blind identification (SOBI) algorithm in terms of separation quality.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.88-96
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• 1989

General measure in the reliability is the k-terminal reliability, which is the probability that the specified vertices are connected by the working edges. To compute the k-terminal reliability components are usually assumed to be statistically independent. In this study the modeling and analysis of the k-terminal reliability are investigated when dependency among components is considered. As the size of the network increases, the number of the joint probability parameter to represent the dependency among components is increasing exponentially. To avoid such a difficulty the structured-event-based-reliability model (SERM) is presented. This model uses the combination of the network topology (physical representation) and reliability block diagram (logical representation). This enables us to represent the dependency among components in a network form. Computational algorithms for the k-terminal reliability in SERM are based on the factoring algorithm Two features of the ractoring algorithm are the reliability preserving reduction and the privoting edge selection strategy. The pivoting edge selction strategy is modified by two different ways to tackle the replicated edges occuring in SERM. Two algorithms are presented according to each modified pivoting strategy and illustrated by numerical example.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.118-126
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• 2020

In this paper, we present an effective single image fog removal by using the Joint Bright and Dark Channel (JBDC) and pixel-based transmission estimation to enhance the visibility of outdoor images susceptible to degradation due to weather and environmental conditions. The conventional methods include refinement process of coarse transmission with heavy computational complexity. The proposed transmission estimation reveals excellent edge-preserving performance and does not require the refinement process. We estimate the atmospheric light in pixel-based fashion, which can improve the transmission estimation performance and visual quality of the restored image. Moreover, we propose an adaptive transmission estimation to enhance the visual quality specifically in sky regions. Comprehensive experiments on various fog images show that the proposed method exhibits reduced computational complexity and excellent fog removal performance, compared with the existing methods; thus, it can be applied to various fields including real-time devices.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.183-186
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• 2011

Extensor hallucis brevis (EHB) is only extensor of the first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint after modified Jones procedure. Therefore preserving the normal insertion of the EHB has been emphasized during that procedure. We experienced a case of EHB rupture after modified Jones procedure and had satisfied surgical outcome by partial transfer of extensor digitorum longus (EDL) of second toe.