• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.281-288
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• 2010

This paper investigates the performance of IEEE 802.11p wireless access in vehicular environments (WAVE) system in small-scale fading models reported by Georgia Institute of Technology (Georgia Tech). We redesign the small-scale fading models to be applied to the computer simulation and develop the IEEE 802.11p WAVE physical layer simulator to provide the bit error rate and packet error rate performances. Moreover, a new channel estimator using decision directed channel estimation and linear minimum mean square error smoothing is proposed in order to improve the performance of the conventional least square channel estimator using two identical long training symbols. The simulation results are satisfactorily coincident with the scenarios of Georgia Tech report, and the proposed channel estimator significantly outperforms the conventional channel estimator.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.425-439
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• 2017

As a thin-walled structure, local joint flexibility (LJF) in a tubular structure is prominent, and it may produce significant effect on the static performance for the overall structure. This study presents a simplified analytical model to analyze the static behavior for a steel tubular structure with LJF. The presented model simplifies a tubular structure into a frame model consisted of beam elements with considering the LJFs at the connections between any two elements. Theoretical equations of the simplified analytical model are deduced. Through comparison with 3-D finite element results of two typical planar tubular structures consisted of T- and Y-joints respectively, the presented method is proved to be accurate. Furthermore, the effect of LJF on the overall performance of the two tubular structures (including the deflection and the internal forces) is also investigated, and it is found from analyses of internal forces and deformation that a rigid connection assumption in a frame model by using beam elements in finite element analysis can provide unsafe and inaccurate estimation.

• 한국방송∙미디어공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방송∙미디어공학회 2022년도 하계학술대회
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• pp.246-249
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• 2022

최근 들어 세계적으로 크게 관심을 받는 메타버스 및 몰입형(가상현실, 확장현실, 및 라이트필드) 콘텐츠 서비스의 응용 범위를 확대하기 위해서는 3D 객체의 실시간 전송을 위한 압축 기술이 필요하다. ISO/IEC 23090 MPEG-I Part 5 로 2021 년 표준화 완료된 V-PCC (Video-based Point Cloud Compression)는 이러한 산업계의 관심 및 필요에 의해서 국제 표준화된 동적 3D 포인트 클라우드 객체 부호화 기술이다. V-PCC 기술의 압축 성능은 기존 산업계 기술에 비해 매우 우수하나, 부호화기의 연산 복잡도가 매우 높다는 단점을 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 V-PCC 부호화기에서 가장 높은 연산 복잡도를 갖는 법선 추정 알고리즘의 결합 고속화 기법을 제안한다. 법선 추정은 2 개의 알고리즘으로 구성되어 있다. 첫번째는 "방향을 무시하는 법선 추정 알고리즘(normal estimation)"이고, 두번째는 첫번째 알고리즘에서 추정된 법선들을 대상으로 하는 "법선 방향 추정 알고리즘(normal orientation)"이다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 고속화 기법은 2 개 알고리즘을 결합하여 첫번째 법선 추정 알고리즘에서 획득한 부가 정보를 두번째 법선 방향 추정 알고리즘에서 활용함으로써 연산량을 대폭 줄이고, 또한 법선 방향 추정 알고리즘 내의 우선순위 큐 자료구조를 변경하여 추가적인 고속화를 달성한다. 7 개 테스트 영상에 대한 실험 결과, 압축 효율 저하 없이 법선 방향 추정 알고리즘의 속도를 평균 89.2% 향상시킬 수 있다.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.701-718
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• 2015

The joint distribution of wind speed and wind direction at a bridge site is vital to the estimation of the basic wind speed, and hence to the wind-induced vibration analysis of long-span bridges. Instead of the conventional way relying on the weather stations, this study proposed an alternate approach to obtain the original records of wind speed and the corresponding directions based on field measurement supported by the Structural Health Monitoring System (SHMS). Specifically, SHMS of Sutong Cable-stayed Bridge (SCB) is utilized to study the basic wind speed with directional information. Four anemometers are installed in the SHMS of SCB: upstream and downstream of the main deck center, top of the north and south tower respectively. Using the recorded wind data from SHMS, the joint distribution of wind speed and direction is investigated based on statistical methods, and then the basic wind speeds in 10-year and 100-year recurrence intervals at these four key positions are calculated. Analytical results verify the reliability of the recorded wind data from SHMS, and indicate that the joint probability model for the extreme wind speed at SCB site fits well with the Weibull model. It is shown that the calculated basic wind speed is reduced by considering the influence of wind direction. Compared to the design basic wind speed in the Specification of China, basic wind speed considering the influence of direction or not is much smaller, indicating a high safety coefficient in the design of SCB. The results obtained in this study can provide not only references for further wind-resistance research of SCB, but also improve the understanding of the safety coefficient for wind-resistance design of other engineering structures in the similar area.

• 한국해안·해양공학회논문집
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.291-300
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• 2013

태풍시 발생하는 해상풍 산출을 위해서는 태풍 모의 기법을 이용하며, 이 경우 Holland 모델은 비교적 정확도 높은 태풍 모의가 가능하게 한다. 태풍 모의를 위한 가용 정보로는 JTWC(Joint Typhoon Warning Center, USA)와 RSMC(Regional Specialized Meteorological Center, Japan) 최적경로자료가 있으며, 두 자료는 매개변수 산정 방법과 제공하는 태풍인자가 약간 다르다. 본 연구에서는 RSMC 최적경로자료에서 제공하는 풍속 25 m/s와 15 m/s에 해당하는 반경을 Holland 모형에 각각 대입하여 구성되는 2개의 비선형 방정식을 구성하였으며, 구성된 방정식의 해에 해당하는 최대풍속반경은 Newton-Raphson 기법을 이용하여 산출하였다. 본 방법은 일본 기상청(JMA)에서 제공하는 태풍 풍속프로파일에 근거하여 산출된 결과로서 타 방법에 의하여 산출된 결과보다 태풍 매개변수의 공간적, 시간적 변화에 능동적으로 반응하여 태풍의 특성을 보다 잘 반영하는 것으로 나타났다. RSMC 최적경로 자료를 이용할 경우, 본 방법은 태풍모의 입력 자료의 일관성도 확보할 수 있기 때문에 최대풍속 반경 산출에 합리적일 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.451-458
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• 2015

This paper handles self-collision avoidance for a rescue robot with redundant manipulators. In order to detect all available self-collisions in advance, minimum distances between arbitrary robot parts should be monitored in real-time. For the minimum distance estimation, we suggest a modified method from a previous skeleton algorithm which has less computation burden and realize collision avoidance based on a potential function using the proposed algorithm. The resultant command by collision avoidance should not disturb a given primary task, so null-space of joint solution from a CLIK is utilized for collision avoidance by a gradient projection method.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.34-39
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• 2003

Recent deepwater offshore structures in the Gulf of Mexico utilize butt welded tubular joints. Application of a welded tubular joint includes tendons, production risers, and steel catenary risers. Fatigue life assessment of these joints becomes more critical, as the structures to which they are attached are allowed to undergo cyclic and sometimes large displacements around an anchored position. Estimation of the fatigue behavior of these tubular members in the design stage is generally condrcted by using S-N curves, as specified in the codeds and standards. Applying the stress concentration factor of the welded structure to the S-N approach often results in a very conservative assessment, because the stress field acting on the tubular has a non-uniform distribution through the thickness. Fatigue life analysis using fracture mechanics has been applied in the design of the catenary risers. This technology enables the engineer to establish proper requirements on weld quality and inspection acceptance criteria to assure satisfactory structural integrity during its design life. It also provides guidance on proper design curves and a methodology for accounting for the effects of non-uniform stress distribution through the wall thickness. Still, there is inconsistency when designing tubular joints using a conventional S-N approach and when specifying weld flaw acceptance criteria using fracture mechanics approach. This study developed fatigue curves that are consistent with both the S-N approach and the fracture mechanics approach. Accounting for non-uniform stress distribution and threshold stress intensity factor were key parameters in relating both approaches. A series of S-N curves, generated from the fracture mechanics approach, were compared to the existing S-N curves. For flat plate butt joint, the S-N curve generated from fracture mechanics matches with the IIW class 100 curve when initial crack depth was 0.5 mm (0.02 ). The new curves for tubular joint agree very well with the experimental results. The comparison also indicated the degree of conservatism built into the API X design curve.

• International Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology Speciallssue:Selected Papers
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.69-74
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• 2003

Recent deepwater offshore structures in the Gulf of Mexico utilize butt welded tubular joints. Application of a welded tubular joint includes tendons, production risers, and steel catenary risers. Fatigue life assessment of these joints becomes more critical, as the structures to which they are attached are allowed to undergo cyclic and sometimes large displacements around an anchored position. Estimation of the fatigue behavior of these tubular members in the design stage is generally conducted by using S-N curves, as specified in the codes and standards. Applying the stress concentration factor of the welded structure to the S-N approach often results in a very conservative assessment, because the stress field acting on the tubular has a non-uniform distribution through the thickness. Fatigue life analysis using fracture mechanics has been applied in the design of the catenary risers. This technology enables the engineer to establish proper requirements on weld quality and inspection acceptance criteria to assure satisfactory structural integrity during its design life. It also provides guidance on proper design curves and a methodology for accounting for the effects of non-uniform stress distribution through the wall thickness. Still, there is inconsistency when designing tubular joints using a conventional S-N approach and when specifying weld flaw acceptance criteria using fracture mechanics approach. This study developed fatigue curves that are consistent with both the S-N approach and the fracture mechanics approach. Accounting for non-uniform stress distribution and threshold stress intensity factor were key parameters in relating both approaches. A series of S-N curves, generated from the fracture mechanics approach, were compared to the existing S-N curves. For flat plate butt joint, the S-N curve generated from fracture mechanics matches with the IIW class 100 curve when initial crack depth was 0.5 mm (0.02). The new curves for tubular joint agree very well with the experimental results. The comparison also indicated the degree of conservatism built into the API X design curve.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.1053-1063
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• 2002

This paper presents a robust nonlinear controller for a f degree of freedom (DOF) parallel manipulator in the task space coordinates. The proposed control strategy requires information on orientations and translations in the task space unlike the joint space or link space control scheme. Although a 6 DOF sensor may provide such information in a straightforward manner, its cost calls for a more economical alternative. A novel indirect method based on the readily available length information engages as a potential candidate to replace a 6 DOF sensor. The indirect approach generates the necessary information by solving the forward kinematics and subsequently applying alpha-beta-gamma tracker With the 6 DOF signals available, a robust nonlinear task space control (RNTC) scheme is proposed based on the Lyapunov redesign method, whose stability is rigorously proved. The performance of the proposed RNTC with the new estimation scheme is evaluated via experiments. First, the results of the estimator are compared with the rate-gyro signals, which indicates excellent agreement. Then, the RNTC with on-line estimated 6 DOF data is shown to achieve excellent control performance to sinusoidal inputs, which is superior to those of a commonly used proportional-plus-integral-plus-derivative controller with a feedforward friction compensation under joint space coordinates and the nonlinear controller under task space coordinates.

• International Journal of Korean Welding Society
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.38-45
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• 2004

A practical method for evaluating the possibility of the occurrence of cracking in actual thick-plate T-joint weldments is presented in this study. Systematic experitrients based on the method of the design of experiment are conducted in order to investigate the crack tendency in relation to typical welding parameters such as diffusible hydrogen, restraint intensity, preheating temperature and so on. The elastic analysis using the fmite element techniques is employed to quantify the restraint intensities of the specimens. The defined restraint intensities are treated in numerical way for the sake of considering the most uncertain factor among some major factors that govern the cracking phenomena due to welding. The critical plane for judgment of the crack occurrence or crack density is presented as a function of typical welding parameters including determined restraint intensities. The results of numerical estimation by the proposed method for the experimental specimens show the usefulness as a practical tool in welding induced crack problem having extensive uncertainties.