• Knee surgery & related research
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.293-302
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• 2018

Purpose: High tibial valgus osteotomy (HTO) is a well-established surgical procedure for patients with medial compartment osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. The hybrid closed-wedge HTO (CWHTO) procedure permits extensive correction in patients with severe deformities or patellofemoral joint OA. The aim of this study was to report the short-term results in a consecutive series of patients treated with hybrid CWHTO. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the clinical outcomes and radiographic parameters in 29 consecutive knees that underwent hybrid CWTHO to correct medial compartment OA at an average follow-up of 52.6 months. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the Lysholm score and knee scoring system of the Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA). The Kellgren-Lawrence grading system and pre- and postoperative mechanical axis (MA), femorotibial angle (FTA), posterior tibial slope, and patella height were assessed. Results: The FTA and MA significantly changed from $180.7^{\circ}$ to $170.4^{\circ}$ and from $22.0^{\circ}$ to $60.2^{\circ}$, respectively. No significant differences were observed between the mean pre- and postoperative posterior tibial slope, Insall-Salvati ratio, or Caton-Deschamps index. The postoperative JOA and Lysholm scores significantly improved from 76.7 to 95.8 and from 58.8 to 90.2, respectively. Conclusions: Satisfactory outcomes can be achieved with hybrid CWHTO in patients with medial OA.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.75-81
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• 2018

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of various relaxation techniques on various dysfunction problems caused by shortening of the sagittal muscles. Method: The subjects were 44(18 males, 26 females). The subjects were composed of 3 groups. The experimental group consisted of 14 patients with proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching (PNF) technique, control group A 15 patients with self myofacial release (SMR) ball exercise, and control group B with 15 patients with Sling exercise. After 3 weeks of relaxation on the hamstring muscle, the length of the hamstring muscle before and after the intervention was compared. Results: The results of relaxation exercise of the snake muscles applied to passive PNF group, SMR ball group, and Sling relaxation group are as follows. 1. In the passive PNF group, the muscle length of the hamstring muscle was significantly increased after the intervention. 2. The muscle length of the hamstring muscle was significantly increased after the intervention in the SMR ball group. 3. Sling relaxation group significantly increased the muscle length of the hamstring muscle after sling exercise intervention. 4. Passive PNF group showed the greatest change in muscle length before and after intervention than SMR ball group and Sling relaxation group. Conclusion: Passive PNF relaxation therapy, SMR ball relaxation therapy, and Sling relaxation therapy applied to the hamstring muscle were effective in increasing muscle length of the hamstring muscle. PNF relaxation therapy showed the most significant effect after 3 weeks intervention.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.162-169
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• 2019

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the conditions for the application of various plank exercises to people who require trunk stabilization by comparing trunk muscle activity according to the degree of hip abduction in the plank exercise. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Twenty healthy participants voluntarily participated in this study and the plank exercise was performed under 5 conditions (two-legged support plank [TSP] with hip abduction, TSP with hip abduction of 15 degrees, TSP with hip abduction of 30, one-legged support plank [OSP] with hip abduction of 15 degrees, OSP with hip abduction of 30 degrees). In order to measure the trunk muscle activity according to the 5 conditions, surface electromyography was used. The electrical activities of the rectus abdominis (RA), external oblique (EO), and internal oblique (IO) muscles were measured during the 5 plank exercises. Subjects practiced each of the 5 conditions three times in random order and the average values were obtained. Results: In the OSP condition with 15/30 degrees of hip abduction, activities of the RA, EO, and IO were significantly greater than during the TSP (p<0.05). In the OSP with 30 degrees of hip abduction condition, activities of the left EO, IO were significantly greater than other plank exercise conditions (p<0.05). Conclusions: The plank exercise with hip abduction of 30 degrees and the OSP exercise can be suggested as an effective method to enhance the activity of the trunk oblique muscles.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.207-214
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• 2019

Purpose: Although multi-directional reaching exercises are commonly used clinically, the effects of specific movement directions on the muscle systems of the lower extremities have not been explored. We therefore investigated lower extremity muscle activity during reaching exercises with different sagittal and horizontal plane movements. Methods: The surface electromyography responses of the bilateral rectus femoris, tibialis anterior, peroneus longus, and gastrocnemius muscles were measured during reaching exercises in three directions in the horizontal plane (neutral, $45^{\circ}$ horizontal shoulder adduction, and $45^{\circ}$ abduction) and three directions in the sagittal plane (neutral, $120^{\circ}$ flexion, and $60^{\circ}$ flexion). A total of 20 healthy, physically active participants completed six sets of reaching exercises. Two-way repeated ANOVA was performed: body side (ipsilateral and contralateral) was set as the intra-subject factor and direction of reach as the inter-subject factor. Results: Reaching at $45^{\circ}$ horizontal shoulder adduction significantly increased the activity of the contralateral rectus femoris and gastrocnemius muscles, while $45^{\circ}$ horizontal shoulder abduction activated the ipsilateral rectus femoris and gastrocnemius muscles. The rectus femoris activity was significantly higher with reaching at a $120^{\circ}$ shoulder flexion compared to the other conditions. The gastrocnemius activity decreased significantly as the shoulder elevation angle increased from $60^{\circ}$ to $120^{\circ}$. Conclusion: Our results suggest that multi-directional reaching stimulates the lower extremity muscles depending on the movement direction. The muscles acting on two different joints responded to the changes in reaching direction, whereas the muscles acting on one joint were not activated with changes in reaching direction.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.145-153
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• 2019

The objective of this study is to analyze the mechanical splicing characteristic of the threaded bar according to the contact conditions of the transverse rib. In order to consider the contact conditions of the rib, selection of the main variables including the gap of the core diameter ($l_c$), rib angle (${\theta}$), and the number of contacts ($C_N$) of transverse rib was done. So as to analyze the splicing characteristic of the D51 threaded bar, a finite element (FE) simulation of the tensile test was conducted using the designed D51 threaded bar and coupler. Through FE simulation results, it was verified that the mechanical slicing characteristics varied based on the main design variables ($l_c$, ${\theta}$, and $C_N$). It was further confirmed that it was important to determine the $C_N$ in consideration of $l_c$. Additionally, the tensile test results of the D25 and D51 threaded bar combined with the couplers were similar to FE simulation results. Furthermore, to quantitatively evaluate FE simulation and test results, the calculation equation for the contacted projection area ratio (R) of the transverse rib was proposed. To secure a mechanical splicing joint of the threaded bar, it was established that the R calculated using the proposed equation had to be greater or equal to 40%.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.59-68
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• 2022

This paper is an architectural historical study on Chimi of Hwangnyongsa Temple. In this research, the shape and cross-section of the chimi are reviewed. The results of the study are as follows. The chimi is a form in which the head part facing the maru is omitted, and the upper and lower body are separated. The upper and lower bonds are assembled into a two types of joint throughout the side of the torso, and then bound with an iron strap. Because of the absence of ridge line in the front, and the narrow curved surface which makes the side plate close to the plane, the entire cross-section is triangular, and the rear plate maintains the shape of the chimi. The naerimmaru connected to the side of the chimi has a slope, so it is clear that the chimi was used on the woojingak-jibung(hipped-roof), and the wing part and back of the chimi are erected on the side roof. The height of the yongmaru and chunyeomaru is about the same and the roofing tiles of those are in contact. The roofing tiles of chunyemaru should be cut to fit the angle of the contacting part. The maru is 30 stories high of roofing tiles as a result of the on-board survey. Based on reference on the shape and timing of the production of chimi, the height of chimi, and the maru is believed to have been built before the Unified Silla Period and used in buildings with at least seven-kan frontage. Buildings corresponding to these construction conditions can be seen as Central hall and East hall in Hwangnyongsa temple.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.375-385
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• 2023

There are many joint fissures distributed in the engineering rock mass. In the process of geological history, the underground rock mass undergoes strong geological processes, and undergoes complex geological processes such as fracture breeding, expansion, recementation, and re-expansion. In this paper, the damage-stick-slip process (DSSP), an analysis model used for rock mass failure slip, was established to examine the master control and time-dependent mechanical properties of the new and primary fractures of a multi-fractured rock mass under the action of stress loading. The experimental system for the recemented multi-fractured rock mass was developed to validate the above theory. First, a rock mass failure test was conducted. Then, the failure stress state was kept constant, and the fractured rock mass was grouted and cemented. A secondary loading was applied until the grouted mass reached the intended strength to investigate the bearing capacity of the recemented multi-fractured rock mass, and an acoustic emission (AE) system was used to monitor AE events and the update of damage energy. The results show that the initial fracture angle and direction had a significant effect on the re-failure process of the cement rock mass; Compared with the monitoring results of the acoustic emission (AE) measurements, the master control surface, key blocks and other control factors in the multi-fractured rock mass were obtained; The triangular shaped block in rock mass plays an important role in the stress and displacement change of multi-fracture rock mass and the long fissure and the fractures with close fracture tip are easier to activate, and the position where the longer fractures intersect with the smaller fractures is easier to generate new fractures. The results are of great significance to a multi-block structure, which affects the safety of underground coal mining.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.178-180
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• 2022

본 논문은 Java 기반의 Firebase용 ML Kit로부터 구한 요가 강사의 요가 자세의 랜드마크를 기반으로 사용자가 요가 자세 훈련할 수 있는 애플리케이션 구현을 소개한다. ML Kit를 이용해 사용자의 자세를 분류하고 각 관절에 해당하는 랜드마크를 구한다. 구해진 랜드마크의 관절들이 이루는 각도를 통해 요가 자세에 대한 정확도 측정 기준값을 설정한다. 전문 요가 강사의 요가 자세에 대한 기준 랜드마크와 ML Kit를 통한 사용자의 포즈에 대한 랜드마크 사이의 정확도를 비교한다. 정확도 기준값에 따라서 오동작과 정동작 정보를 TTS(Text-to-Speech)를 통해 사용자에게 제공해준다. Firebase로 효과적인 사용자관리를 하고, 사용자 요가 자세가 정확도 기준값에 부합하는 운동을 했을 경우에 카운터와 타이머를 통해 운동량을 디스플레이하는 시스템을 설명한다.

• 턱관절균형의학회지
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• 제13권sup호
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• pp.27-33
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• 2023

본 증례의 환자는 자가 경부 마사지로 인한 척수부신경병증으로 경추부 근력 불균형 및 그에 따른 피로를 호소하였다. 자가 마사지로 인한 일시적 신경 압박은 7일에 걸쳐 자연 회복되었으며, 턱관절균형요법을 통해 자세와 척추 구조의 균형점을 회복시켜 환자의 피로와 자세 불균형을 개선할 수 있었다.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.49-58
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• 2024

The purpose of this study was to develop a system capable of restoring the seismic performance of a precast concrete (PC) connection damaged by an earthquake. The developed PC connection consists of a top-and-seat angle, post-tensioning (PT) tendons, and U-shaped steel. The PC beam can be replaced by cutting the PT tendons in the event of damage. In addition, the seismic performance of the developed PC beam-column connection was evaluated experimentally. A PC beam-column connection specimen was fabricated, and a quasistatic cyclic loading test was conducted to a maximum drift ratio of 2.3%. Subsequently, the PC beam was replaced by a new PC beam, and the repaired PC connection was loaded to a maximum drift ratio of 5.1%. The structural performance of the repaired PC connection was then compared with that of the original PC connection. The difference in the load at the drift ratio of 2.3% between the original and the repaired PC specimens was only 0.2%. The residual drift ratio in the repaired PC specimen did not exceed 1.0% at the 2.0 % drift ratio cycles, which satisfies the life safety performance level specified in ACI 374.2R-13. When the developed PC connection system is used, structural performance can be restored by rapidly replacing the damaged elements.