• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.3363-3372
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• 2009

Continued jobless growth in economy, coupled with the current economic recession, is aggravating the situation of job market. In order to create more jobs and reduce the economic gap in a society, an independent creative firm of a sole entrepreneurs is suggested as an alternative mean. Understanding entrepreneurial motivations of a sole entrepreneur will be helpful in developing educational programs on starting an independent creative firm and in establishing a relevant government policy. This study, therefore, proposes a new model on entrepreneurial motivations in the independent creative firm and performs case study. The results of the study show that the personal environment and the personal characteristics of entrepreneurs have much effects on motivation of starting the independent creative firms. Among the personal environments, entrepreneurs' educational backgrounds, work experiences, and personal networks have great influences on entrepreneurial motivations. The processes of sustained entrepreneurship involve: (a) the determination of business ideas and goals, (b) the inception of a new business and managerial activities, (c) the entrepreneur's assessment of both intrinsic and extrinsic rewards of business performances, and (d) the adjustment of business ideas and goals in accordance with the results of the assessment. The results of the study could be applied in developing educational programs and consulting guidelines on independent creative firms and in establishing government's supportive policies on the firm.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.384-392
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• 2011

Recruitment and selection are separate but mutually reinforcing processes. The goal of recruitment is to attract the largest number of applicants possible to apply to the agency, and selection is the process of weeding out unqualified candidates and identifying qualified candidates. In this context, the recruitment and selection system of police officials is an important issue because it affects their future performance as police officers on the job, especially their policing skills, perception of society, occupational ethics. This study suggested the characteristics of U. S. recruitment and selection system of police officials. In the U. S, each police agency sets up its own recruitment and selection standards and procedures. However, recruitment and selection process follows a certain sequence : receiving application, psychological examination, background check, polygraph test, drug screening, interview, physical agility, and medical test. Special characteristic of American police system regarding recruitment and selection is that many law enforcement agencies use a polygraph test to ensure the integrity of the candidates. Another interesting screening process is a drug test because many Americans abuse illegal drugs. A candidate officer must submit urine or a hair sample for screening test. Police human resources specialists should continually identify the most innovative tests and approaches recruit and select police officers. Recruitment and selection strategies should increasingly attract and retain those officers who have the attributes to work in a community-oriented policing environment.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.118-129
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• 1998

This survey is made to offer the fundamental data for the establishment of practical environmental education plan based on understanding of the change of the environmental awareness of elementary school students under the longitudinal-sectional research design. In this research, the questionnaire made by Kim Jong-ki in 1988 and by Kim Hak-Bong in 1993, is amended and filled up, which is used to the 624 numbers of fifth and sixth grade students lived in Seoul, Pyungtaek and Yangjugu. This research ares are devided into 5 ares which are the environmental general, environmental pollution, living environment, environmental education and consciouness of environmental crisis to humen beings. First, it is grasped general tendency and then is compared and analyzed the level of awareness by residence, sex, grade. stsdard of living parental academic, the background variation of parental job with the status in 1988 and 1933. The results are as follows: 1) The rate of interest for environmental pollution and population is reduced but the rate of interest for animal protection is increased. 2) In spite of reinforcement of environmental education In school, the numbers of the students who became to know some information about that from the class are diminished. 3) Even if the children are aware of sewage seriousely, the numbers of the students who answer it is caused by domestic sewage are a few. 4) On the environmental education area, the various materials of the are not utilized well in a class. 5) On the environmental crisis to the human beings the rate is much increased in 1993 ttan that of 1988 environmental contamination is the important cause of the human beings' crises but now the rate is reduced again. In other variables except the environmental contamination, it is increased the that of 1993 on the war, on population it is showed a tendency of reduction. The results of this study are as follows : 1) It is supposed that the education should be done only not for the knowledge of environmental education but for the practice of that - animal breeding, field experience of the ecological destruction places. 2) The various environmental education materials such as TV, VTR are demanded to give the students proper information about that and to educate sufficently. 3) The course of fields exploration for environmental education should be prepared under cooperation of the authorities concerned. 4) It has to be groped for an epoch-making teaching method and the training and the practice of teachers in order to reform environmental pollution.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.379-388
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• 2016

This study was aimed at identifying the actual state of workplace violence based on a survey conducted to 876 subway workers in Seoul and determining the relationship between workplace violence and mental health of workers. Data were collected via web site, using a structured questionnaire and for the analysis of the data, a multiple linear regression analysis was carried out by the statistical program SPSS 20.0. According to the results, the perpetrators of violence turned out to be "passengers" in all types of workplace violence: physical violence, verbal violence, sexual harassment and disregard for personality. As for the relationship between workplace violence and the mental health of the workers, statistically significant differences were shown between all the above mentioned workplace violence types and sub-areas of mental health. Also, as for the impact of workplace violence on the mental health of the workers, significant differences were found in physical violence, sexual harassment and disregard for personality, with 8.3 percent of explanatory power. Based on these findings, the study suggests the establishment and the application of customer interaction guidelines to protect subway workers from workplace violence along with specific measures customized for each work environment to prevent violence.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.12
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• pp.205-215
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• 2010

The purposed of this study was to examine the relation between dental hygienists' treatment posture and body pain by surveying 120 dental hygienists working at dental hospitals and clinics in Busan and to suggest desirable treatment postures and pain prevention methods for dental hygienists' health and job performance. Data obtained from the questionnaire survey were analyzed using SPSS 18.0 for Windows. The taller the hygienists were the less pains they had in their 'back' and 'hips' (p<0.05). The shorter the hygienists were the more pains they had in their 'back,' 'waist,' 'hips,' 'legs' and 'ankles/feet'(p<0.05). There was no difference in pains in each body part according to weight. In the results of analyzing correlations among pains in different body parts, a very strong positive correlation was observed between the pains in the 'knees' and 'legs' (r=0.71)(p<0.01). The hygienists of 56.7% had experience in education on treatment posture, and 62.5% were not doing exercise regularly. To the question on what should be done for health welfare in their workplace, the hygienists of 47.9% mentioned improvement in the environment of the workplace.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.195-200
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was performed in order to figure out the influence of illumination on visual function. Methods: 40 adults (male 21, female 19) of average age $23.93{\pm}1.59$ years were participated in this study. The test chart surface illumination was adjusted to 5, 50, 200, 500 and 800 lx, and then amplitude of accommodation, near point of convergence, far and near distance phoria, far and near distance fusional vergence, relative accommodation, and accommodation lag were measured at each illumination condition. Results: As illumination intensity of test chart was reduced, amplitude of accommodation was significantly decreased (p<0.05), accommodation lag was also decreased, near point of convergence was receded, and horizontal phoria showed a tendency of esodeviation. In the case of negative fusional vergence, with reduction of illumination intensity, the break point and the recovery point were decreased but in the case of positive fusional vergence, the break point was increased. The negative and positive relative accommodation were significantly decreased (p<0.05) with reduction of illumination intensity. Conclusions: In clinical practice, visual functional test should be performed under condition of adequate illumination level through patient's living environment and job.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.37
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• pp.329-360
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• 2008

In Korea, the major of international trade and business introduced in the 1960s to supply trade expert to trading companies, and the heyday of the trade major was in the 1980s. However the trade major fell into decay from the middle of 1990s. The purpose of trade education in university is to supply high qualified employees to societies and companies. The problem is that companies have difficuties for recruiting of trade expert, on the other hand university graduates have few job oppertunies. It has some discrepancies between education and field. The object of this paper is to propose a direction of modification of the trade and international business curriculum for global trade expert. We research international trade and business departments' curriculums of GTEP universities. GTEP stands for global trade expert incubating program started from 2006 which have charge of MOCIE and KITA. First, in the title of department, a lot of former researchers have taken up the position to return "Trade" or "International Trade". We think more important fact is not the title of department but the curriculum, so we insist on a harmony between the department title and curriculums. The focus of modification of curriculum is to educate global trade expert, so we need to know about global business environment and companies' needs also. Second, We propose the directions for modification of curriculum are "convergence" and "specialty". Trade major is a mixed study in nature and trade major try to treat lots of subjects such as trade, business adminstration, economics, international law, international commerce, logistics and marketing etc to catch up changing global business circumstanses and companies' needs. So convergence of adjacent field is very important in study and training. Specialty means selection and concentration strategy for global trade expert. It is difficult to learn every knowledge and skills for employer's needs in 4 years and 140 credits. A students who has studied basic subject in trade, management, economics can choose 1 or 2 specailty subject such as trade and e-commerce, global marketing, logistics and transportation, commerce and policy, servive trade, foreign language and cross culture etc. In concusion, the concept of convergence and specialty is not separation but harmony each other, so we propose to promote two concept together for modification of the trade and international business curriculum for training of global trade expert.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.744-756
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to investigate the natural environments and the changing socio-economic activities of the rice and fruit - centered rural village located in Sangju region, Kyongsangbuk-do. Its results are summarized in the followings. Firstly, most of the rural villages in Sangju region is located on the erosional basin of Sobaek range and the sedimentary region of Nakdong river and the farmer's life of those regions has been influenced by such a natural environment. Secondly, the reproduction structure of population in the rural village of Sangju region had been maintained until the 1970s. After that, however, it was broken because the young generation of the rural villages moved to large cities to get a job or to receive high level of education. Thirdly, the changing path of the rural villages of Sangju region was different based on a type of crop and its related mode of production after the 1980s. The socio-economic structure of the rural village has been developed based on either a rice oriented traditional mode of production or a fruit-oriented commercial mode of production. The two villages, Ch'ekdong 1 ri, Hamch'ang-up and Sinch'on 2 ri, Modong-myon have been changed according to the path of a traditional and commercial mode of production, respectively.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.46
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• pp.129-150
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• 2017

With the change in educational environment of cartoon creation and diversification of webtoon platforms, various ways of engaging webtoon authors have been suggested. Under this situation, Korea Manhwa Contents Agency(KOMACON) and Korea Creative Content Agency(KOCCA) provide support to webtoon authors directly and indirectly to nurture professional webtoon talents. Contents creative human resource joint project being carried out by KOCCA is mainly to nurture and support contents experts by developing their creativity through tight training between mentors and mentees, creating job opportunities, building the support system for creative activities, and supporting commercialization during the project. Undergoing the process of recruitment and selection, the participants of this project are educated, trained and developed according to education programs provided by the hosting agency, and this project has a model to compensate for creative activities for a ceratin period of time. However, there has been a problem that it is difficult to constantly keep and manage webtoon talents who are cultivated by human resource management of less than one-year project. This study analyzed creative human resource joint project which is a human resource development model, using human recourse theory and suggested a strategic human resource model based on webtoon authors' human resource model development.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.526-542
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to examine contents through inductive analytic method and make systematic improvement method on satisfaction & dissatisfaction of university students participating in stipulated PGA pro-golf competitions as volunteers. The objects of this study were university students participating in 2019 The CJ Cup@Nine Bridges as volunteers. Excluding 76 copies judged to be disloyal out of 300 collected copies, the researcher analyzed the contents of 224 copies. To begin with, the contents were categorized in 10 detailed areas & 5 general areas by implementing the 2nd inductive categoric analysis mainly on the basis of 408 raw materials, the overall detailed areas of satisfaction on participation. Checking specifically, first, "satisfaction on experience in golf competition" was divided into golf competition, golf information, golf course. Second, "satisfaction on player" was divided into direct watching and famous player. Third, "satisfaction on environment" was divided into satisfaction on place & satisfaction on facilities. Fourth, "satisfaction on participation" was divided into satisfaction on service & satisfaction on competence. Finally, "satisfaction on interpersonal relation" was divided with application same to that of detailed area. In the case of dissatisfaction on participation, the contents were categorized in 10 detailed areas & 3 general areas by implementing the 2nd inductive categoric analysis mainly on the basis of 369 raw materials, the overall detailed areas. Checking specifically, first, dissatisfaction on competition operating system was detailedly divided into dissatisfaction on job system, dissatisfaction on operating system, dissatisfaction on delivery system. Second, dissatisfaction on treatment for volunteers was divided into dissatisfaction on treatment for volunteers & dissatisfaction on work hours. Third, dissatisfaction on welfare for volunteers was divided into dissatisfaction on food & beverage, dissatisfaction on costumes and dissatisfaction on incidental facilities.