This study investigated the general trends and differences in the working life of overseas Korean women. The subjects were 872 working Korean women over 20 years of age living abroad in America, China, and Russia Central Asia. The subjects completed a questionnaire on working life and the data were analyzed using SPSS. The working environment of Korean-American women was not stable. Many Korean-American women worked to help the home economy. They were paid by the hour, day and week. On the other hand, many Korean-Chinese women worked for self-achievement and usually for 8 hours a day. The working life of Korean women in Russia Central Asia was not good. They had a small income and worked to help the home economy. The first variables for changing their occupation were income and bonus. Despite their unstable working environment, overseas Korean women estimated their working life positively. They rated scores higher than the median on job satisfaction, business importance, duty ability, duty adaptation and family support. Job stress showed lower scores than the median. Korean women in Russia Central Asia showed lower scores on job satisfaction, family support, and work time flexibility than the other two groups.
This exploratory study considers the difference between personal and perceived societal values related to South Korean women's role in the home, workplace, and society using eight items asked on the Korean Academic Multimode Open Survey (KAMOS), May-July 2017. Factor analysis showed that these eight items could be grouped into two categories: women's role in her family and women's in the outside world. Of the 2,000 respondents, 54.1% personally agreed that "Both the husband and wife should contribute to their family income." People in their 30s felt the largest gap between their personal and societal values; women also felt a larger gap than men. Those who watched television more were generally more conservative than those who used the Internet more. People who felt a smaller gap between societal and personal values were more likely to feel proud to be a Korean citizen. People who believe that it is better not to marry felt a bigger gap between some societal and personal values on items relating to whether a wife should work, whether a woman's housework or paid job is more valuable, and whether women's job performance is equal to men's. People who believe that divorce is sometimes acceptable were also more likely to feel a bigger difference in two items: the item about job performance and an item about whether a married woman's social status is dependent on her husband's.
The purpose of this study was to describe the current status of dual-earner families in Seoul. The specific aims of this study were to examine the dynamics of marital relationship, parent-child relationship and old mother-daughter/daughter in law relationship in the same family. The sample consised of 265 dual-earner families was selected based on wives' jobs, primarily non-professional. The information was gathered from working couples and their school-aged children. The findings of this study were as follows: 1. Sex role attitude of husbands was more traditional than their wives. Therefore, housework sharing of husbands was very low and wives' perception of inequity was high. Wives' marital satisfaction was affected by the wives' perception of inequity, joint leisure activity, sexual satisfaction, and wives' job satisfaction. Husbands' marital satisfaction was affected by sexual satisfaction, perceived difficulties and problems of the husbands caused by wives' employment, and the degree of their housework participation. 2. The emotional uneasiness of children during mothers' absence was reported. The communication about mothers' job was helpful to gain children's understanding toward mothers' job. Mothers suffered from guilty feeling of neglecting their children in spite of their good performance of mothering role. 3. The employed daughters/daughters in law perceived high rewards and low cost in relationships with their mothers/mothers in law. The perceived quality of daughter-mother relationship was higher with low cost and high rewards than that of daughter in law/mother in law. Finally practical and policy implications were suggested.
The purposes of this study are 1) to investigate the employment status of the elderly(i.e., whether the elderly is employed or not) in Ulsan, 2) to analyze the differences in household economic life between employed and unemployed old People, and 3) only for the employed old people, to compare the monthly earnings and job satisfaction by the work time of per day and by the regular employee or temporary employee. for this study, semi-structural questionnaires were distributed to 500 old people in Ulsan, in September, 2006. The results indicated that only 25% of the respondents were employed, and the employment status of the elderly was related to sex, age, education level, marital status, household composition, number of dwelling persons, and number of children. for household economic life, employed old people had higher household income and monthly allowances than unemployed old people, while they spent more on clothing, but less on food than unemployed old people. Regular old employees had higher monthly earnings and job satisfaction than temporary old employees. And the old employees working for more than 8 hours per day had higher monthly earnings than those working for less than 8 hours, but there was no significant difference in job satisfaction between the two groups.
Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
/
v.11
no.2
/
pp.1-19
/
2007
The purpose of this study was to analyze the affecting factors on employed mens' retirement and reemployment decision making. The focus was on the process of employed mens' decision on retirement and their reemployment decision after retirement from present job. The major findings were as follows ; First, the employed men who had a retirement plan were having more household income, more household net asset, more savings and investment for elderly life, and more positive attitude toward retirement. Second, the major factors affecting on having retirement plan or not were employed mens' age, household income, expected income after retirement, savings and investment for elderly life, job, and attitude toward retirement. Third, the major affecting factors on expected retirement age were employed mens' age, health status, job security, and attitude toward retirement. Forth, the employed mens' reemployment decision was affected from their household income, expected income after retirement, pension ownership, and attitude toward retirement. From the findings, it can be concluded that the employed mens' age, economic status, and attitude toward retirement played a important role in the process of retirement and reemployment decision making.
This study was conducted to investigate the weaning practice of 198 infants in Taejon city in October, 1998. Information on infant feeding and weaning practices were obtained by interviewing mothers in gynecologist and pediatric clinics located in Taejon. The results obtained were as follows : In the survey 37.4% of the infants were breast-feeding, while 31.3% of them were bottle-feeding and 29.3% of them were mixed-feeding. The reason for bottled-feeding was due either to the lack of breast-milk secretion or motner’s job. The educational level of the mother and maternal job affected the feeding methods before weaning. Lower rates of breast-feeding were found among mothers witn a lover level of education. The breast-feeding rate was lower in full-time and part-time job worker groups than in housewife. There was no significant difference in the feeding methods according to family income. Among the subjects, 71.5% of infants began to be weaned within 7 months. The onset of weaning was delayed in the full-time worker group. There was no significant difference in the onset time of weaning according to feeding method, the educational level of the mother, and family income. 60.6% of infants received fruit juice and 29.6% of them received cereals for first-given-supplementary food. ‘For baby’s nutritional status’ was the most common motivation for the onset of weaning. Commercially prepared foods were used more than home-made food for supplementary food.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between wive's sex-role attitude and their marital satisfaction for understanding a part of marital relations. For this purpose, a questionnaire was constructed and administrated to 626 married women. the sex role attitude scale was a modified version of the sex-role attitude scale constructed by Osmond and Martin, and the marital satisfaction scale was developed basing upon the scales used by Terman and Hayes & Stinnett. The result of this study are summarized as follows; The majority of wives have relatively modem attitude toward their sex role in the extra familial roles. Wives have relatively modem attitude toward their sex role when the couples are younger, more educated, on a higher income level and working or a job (especially or a professional job). Wife's education level, husband's education level and family income make significant difference in their marital satisfaction specifically, a wife would be relatively more satisfied when she has more education and the family income level is higher. It is founded that wives sex role attitude has significant relationship with their marital satisfaction. A wife tends to be more satisfied when she has a traditional sex role attitude . A professional wife who has a traditional attitude shows most satisfaction and one who has a modern attitude and not having a job tends to be most dissatisfied with her marriage. It is also founded that a wife who has traditional attitude and received college education are above shows most satisfaction while the wife who has modern attitude and received high school education or below shows most dissatisfaction with their marriage lives.
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
/
v.16
no.11
/
pp.8096-8105
/
2015
The purpose of this research is to understand influence of personal turnover factors and work turnover factors on job satisfaction in career decision-making and to analyze the moderating effects of supervisor support in their relations. Meaningful difference between one group with high supervisor support and other group with low supervisor support is demonstrated in regard with a course; job burnout ${\rightarrow}$ job satisfaction, and work overload ${\rightarrow}$ job satisfaction. Hence from a perspective of the course of job burnout ${\rightarrow}$ job satisfaction and work overload ${\rightarrow}$ job satisfaction, it can be argued that a group with low supervisor support yields more influence. Also it is shown that conflicts on balancing between job and family do not have influence on job satisfaction for either group with high supervisor support or with low supervisor support. As the result of the research shows, it bears a quite significant meaning that career development/lack of opportunity out of personal turnover intentions disclose difference between these two groups with different levels of supervisor support. Especially, a group of flight attendants which females are consisted of a majority of employees would require that their supervisors have more emotional interactions with each employee, so as that better opportunity would be given to the employees. To this end, utmost efforts are needed that deep and genuine relations with a supervisor can be built up.
As the living standards have been enhanced thanks to rapid to rapid economic growth following industrial progress, today the advancement of woman into specialized jobs keep expanding not only for economic purpose such as increasing family income but also due to changed perception on woman's role, i.e. self-realization. In the actual situations, however, women are generally placed in a inferior position compared with men in most jobs, despite existence of gender equality policy. Therefore, concern and study on female adaptation into job and their work attitude have become increasingly important, which can contribute to alleviating women's discontent in the work but to raising efficiency of job execution and improving work quality. In this treatise, I researched the job attitude of woman for the period of 1980 up to 2005, with interval of every 5 years. For empirical analysis, research has been done towards females teachers in elementary and middle schools as well as female works in financial institutions. Both job fields have comparatively high percentage of female employees and have less sexual discrimination. The purpose of this vertical research is (1) to find out how women workers perceive their job environment, (2) to analyze empirically the change in female job attitude and their flow of consciousness. Ultimately this treatise aimed at contributing to efficient management of female work force in our society.
Purpose: This study was carried out to investigate the difference in job satisfaction and marital satisfaction by gender and to explore the influences of demographic status. employment characteristics. and job satisfaction/marital satisfaction on each type of satisfaction. Method: Social statistics survey data collected by National Statistical Office in 1998 were used for the secondary analysis in the study. Job satisfaction was measured by questionnaires, which consisted of 12 items such as task, promotion, placement, wage, benefits, future in the work, working environment, human relationship. and working hours. And marital satisfaction was collected by questionnaires which consisted of 7 items, including satisfaction with general family life, relationship with their own parent and parent-in-law, relationship with brothers and sisters, relationship with their children, and economic living status. These are measured by 5-point Likert scale. Result: The results show that more than 60% of women were working as part-time employees. Their education levels were lower than men. Men were satisfied significantly more in their jobs than women. Men also had higher marital satisfaction. The employment status had the most important factor on the job satisfaction. and the marital satisfaction was the second important factor among women and men. As for the age, while older men showed higher job satisfaction, younger women showed higher job satisfaction, 28.04% of the variance in the job satisfaction for men and 33.86% for women were accounted for by the following variables: the younger age. the higher education. job satisfaction, and the higher marital satisfaction, 22.15% of the variance in the marital satisfaction for men and 21.19% for women were accounted for by these variables. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that there were differences in job satisfaction and marital satisfaction between genders, and that job satisfaction and marital satisfaction influenced each other. Employment status was the most predictive factor on the job satisfaction. Married women had an unstable employment status such as part-time position. The stability of employment could be considered as a strategy for enhancing job satisfaction for both sexes. The reason that women had lower marital satisfaction than men will have to be further investigated.
본 웹사이트에 게시된 이메일 주소가 전자우편 수집 프로그램이나
그 밖의 기술적 장치를 이용하여 무단으로 수집되는 것을 거부하며,
이를 위반시 정보통신망법에 의해 형사 처벌됨을 유념하시기 바랍니다.
[게시일 2004년 10월 1일]
이용약관
제 1 장 총칙
제 1 조 (목적)
이 이용약관은 KoreaScience 홈페이지(이하 “당 사이트”)에서 제공하는 인터넷 서비스(이하 '서비스')의 가입조건 및 이용에 관한 제반 사항과 기타 필요한 사항을 구체적으로 규정함을 목적으로 합니다.
제 2 조 (용어의 정의)
① "이용자"라 함은 당 사이트에 접속하여 이 약관에 따라 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스를 받는 회원 및 비회원을
말합니다.
② "회원"이라 함은 서비스를 이용하기 위하여 당 사이트에 개인정보를 제공하여 아이디(ID)와 비밀번호를 부여
받은 자를 말합니다.
③ "회원 아이디(ID)"라 함은 회원의 식별 및 서비스 이용을 위하여 자신이 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을
말합니다.
④ "비밀번호(패스워드)"라 함은 회원이 자신의 비밀보호를 위하여 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을 말합니다.
제 3 조 (이용약관의 효력 및 변경)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트에 게시하거나 기타의 방법으로 회원에게 공지함으로써 효력이 발생합니다.
② 당 사이트는 이 약관을 개정할 경우에 적용일자 및 개정사유를 명시하여 현행 약관과 함께 당 사이트의
초기화면에 그 적용일자 7일 이전부터 적용일자 전일까지 공지합니다. 다만, 회원에게 불리하게 약관내용을
변경하는 경우에는 최소한 30일 이상의 사전 유예기간을 두고 공지합니다. 이 경우 당 사이트는 개정 전
내용과 개정 후 내용을 명확하게 비교하여 이용자가 알기 쉽도록 표시합니다.
제 4 조(약관 외 준칙)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스에 관한 이용안내와 함께 적용됩니다.
② 이 약관에 명시되지 아니한 사항은 관계법령의 규정이 적용됩니다.
제 2 장 이용계약의 체결
제 5 조 (이용계약의 성립 등)
① 이용계약은 이용고객이 당 사이트가 정한 약관에 「동의합니다」를 선택하고, 당 사이트가 정한
온라인신청양식을 작성하여 서비스 이용을 신청한 후, 당 사이트가 이를 승낙함으로써 성립합니다.
② 제1항의 승낙은 당 사이트가 제공하는 과학기술정보검색, 맞춤정보, 서지정보 등 다른 서비스의 이용승낙을
포함합니다.
제 6 조 (회원가입)
서비스를 이용하고자 하는 고객은 당 사이트에서 정한 회원가입양식에 개인정보를 기재하여 가입을 하여야 합니다.
제 7 조 (개인정보의 보호 및 사용)
당 사이트는 관계법령이 정하는 바에 따라 회원 등록정보를 포함한 회원의 개인정보를 보호하기 위해 노력합니다. 회원 개인정보의 보호 및 사용에 대해서는 관련법령 및 당 사이트의 개인정보 보호정책이 적용됩니다.
제 8 조 (이용 신청의 승낙과 제한)
① 당 사이트는 제6조의 규정에 의한 이용신청고객에 대하여 서비스 이용을 승낙합니다.
② 당 사이트는 아래사항에 해당하는 경우에 대해서 승낙하지 아니 합니다.
- 이용계약 신청서의 내용을 허위로 기재한 경우
- 기타 규정한 제반사항을 위반하며 신청하는 경우
제 9 조 (회원 ID 부여 및 변경 등)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객에 대하여 약관에 정하는 바에 따라 자신이 선정한 회원 ID를 부여합니다.
② 회원 ID는 원칙적으로 변경이 불가하며 부득이한 사유로 인하여 변경 하고자 하는 경우에는 해당 ID를
해지하고 재가입해야 합니다.
③ 기타 회원 개인정보 관리 및 변경 등에 관한 사항은 서비스별 안내에 정하는 바에 의합니다.
제 3 장 계약 당사자의 의무
제 10 조 (KISTI의 의무)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객이 희망한 서비스 제공 개시일에 특별한 사정이 없는 한 서비스를 이용할 수 있도록
하여야 합니다.
② 당 사이트는 개인정보 보호를 위해 보안시스템을 구축하며 개인정보 보호정책을 공시하고 준수합니다.
③ 당 사이트는 회원으로부터 제기되는 의견이나 불만이 정당하다고 객관적으로 인정될 경우에는 적절한 절차를
거쳐 즉시 처리하여야 합니다. 다만, 즉시 처리가 곤란한 경우는 회원에게 그 사유와 처리일정을 통보하여야
합니다.
제 11 조 (회원의 의무)
① 이용자는 회원가입 신청 또는 회원정보 변경 시 실명으로 모든 사항을 사실에 근거하여 작성하여야 하며,
허위 또는 타인의 정보를 등록할 경우 일체의 권리를 주장할 수 없습니다.
② 당 사이트가 관계법령 및 개인정보 보호정책에 의거하여 그 책임을 지는 경우를 제외하고 회원에게 부여된
ID의 비밀번호 관리소홀, 부정사용에 의하여 발생하는 모든 결과에 대한 책임은 회원에게 있습니다.
③ 회원은 당 사이트 및 제 3자의 지적 재산권을 침해해서는 안 됩니다.
제 4 장 서비스의 이용
제 12 조 (서비스 이용 시간)
① 서비스 이용은 당 사이트의 업무상 또는 기술상 특별한 지장이 없는 한 연중무휴, 1일 24시간 운영을
원칙으로 합니다. 단, 당 사이트는 시스템 정기점검, 증설 및 교체를 위해 당 사이트가 정한 날이나 시간에
서비스를 일시 중단할 수 있으며, 예정되어 있는 작업으로 인한 서비스 일시중단은 당 사이트 홈페이지를
통해 사전에 공지합니다.
② 당 사이트는 서비스를 특정범위로 분할하여 각 범위별로 이용가능시간을 별도로 지정할 수 있습니다. 다만
이 경우 그 내용을 공지합니다.
제 13 조 (홈페이지 저작권)
① NDSL에서 제공하는 모든 저작물의 저작권은 원저작자에게 있으며, KISTI는 복제/배포/전송권을 확보하고
있습니다.
② NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 상업적 및 기타 영리목적으로 복제/배포/전송할 경우 사전에 KISTI의 허락을
받아야 합니다.
③ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 보도, 비평, 교육, 연구 등을 위하여 정당한 범위 안에서 공정한 관행에
합치되게 인용할 수 있습니다.
④ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 무단 복제, 전송, 배포 기타 저작권법에 위반되는 방법으로 이용할 경우
저작권법 제136조에 따라 5년 이하의 징역 또는 5천만 원 이하의 벌금에 처해질 수 있습니다.
제 14 조 (유료서비스)
① 당 사이트 및 협력기관이 정한 유료서비스(원문복사 등)는 별도로 정해진 바에 따르며, 변경사항은 시행 전에
당 사이트 홈페이지를 통하여 회원에게 공지합니다.
② 유료서비스를 이용하려는 회원은 정해진 요금체계에 따라 요금을 납부해야 합니다.
제 5 장 계약 해지 및 이용 제한
제 15 조 (계약 해지)
회원이 이용계약을 해지하고자 하는 때에는 [가입해지] 메뉴를 이용해 직접 해지해야 합니다.
제 16 조 (서비스 이용제한)
① 당 사이트는 회원이 서비스 이용내용에 있어서 본 약관 제 11조 내용을 위반하거나, 다음 각 호에 해당하는
경우 서비스 이용을 제한할 수 있습니다.
- 2년 이상 서비스를 이용한 적이 없는 경우
- 기타 정상적인 서비스 운영에 방해가 될 경우
② 상기 이용제한 규정에 따라 서비스를 이용하는 회원에게 서비스 이용에 대하여 별도 공지 없이 서비스 이용의
일시정지, 이용계약 해지 할 수 있습니다.
제 17 조 (전자우편주소 수집 금지)
회원은 전자우편주소 추출기 등을 이용하여 전자우편주소를 수집 또는 제3자에게 제공할 수 없습니다.
제 6 장 손해배상 및 기타사항
제 18 조 (손해배상)
당 사이트는 무료로 제공되는 서비스와 관련하여 회원에게 어떠한 손해가 발생하더라도 당 사이트가 고의 또는 과실로 인한 손해발생을 제외하고는 이에 대하여 책임을 부담하지 아니합니다.
제 19 조 (관할 법원)
서비스 이용으로 발생한 분쟁에 대해 소송이 제기되는 경우 민사 소송법상의 관할 법원에 제기합니다.
[부 칙]
1. (시행일) 이 약관은 2016년 9월 5일부터 적용되며, 종전 약관은 본 약관으로 대체되며, 개정된 약관의 적용일 이전 가입자도 개정된 약관의 적용을 받습니다.