• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.353-360
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• 2020

Background: Urban bus drivers work under conditions that are among the most demanding, stressful, and unhealthy with higher rates of mortality and morbidity as well as absenteeism and turnover. Methods: Drawing on the job demand-resource model, this study investigates the impacts of job characteristics on emotional exhaustion and the effects of emotional exhaustion on job outcomes (including job satisfaction, life satisfaction, organizational commitment, and turnover intention) in the context of bus drivers. Results: Using self-reported survey data collected from a sample of 320 Taiwanese urban bus drivers, results reveal that role overload and work-family conflict (as job demand factors) positively relate to emotional exhaustion, and organizational support (as a job resource factor) is negatively associated with emotional exhaustion. Emotional exhaustion has negative effects on both job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Job satisfaction positively leads to life satisfaction, whereas organizational commitment negatively relates to turnover intention. Conclusion: This study concludes that role overload and work-family conflict as two stressors related to job demands and organizational support as the job resource factor to affect emotional exhaustion which further influence well-being in bus driver context. The moderating effects of both extraversion and neuroticism on the relationship between job demands and emotional exhaustion are evident.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.45-55
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• 2024

How to create high levels of employee engagement and how to avoid burnout in the workplace is main issue in human resource management. According to Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model, this study aims to investigate when self-efficacy plays as a mitigator on the impact of job demand on burnout, and explains why job resources are translated into work engagement. A sample of 237 Mongolian employees is used to test hypotheses. Results show that self-efficacy does offset the relationship between job demands and burnout. Meanwhile, self-efficacy plays as a mediator on the impact of job resources on work engagement. The implications of these findings for the context of JD-R model are discussed.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2014

This study applies the job-demands resource (JD-R) model to investigate the interactive effect of job demands and job resources in predicting the development of service employee work engagement and customer-oriented attitude. This paper proposed a theoretical model that suggests that the service employee's work engagement is the consequence of the employee's perceived support from the organization and its customers (customer participation) and leads to a customer-oriented attitude. However, the effect of organizational support is somewhat hindered by job insecurity, demonstrating the inability of an organizationally provided job resource to overcome the job demand of job insecurity. As a type of job demand from customer's perspective, customer crowding is suggested as a negative moderator in the link between customer participation and work engagement. As such, this article proposes how different elements of a service employee's work environment interact to ultimately influence the service employee's customer-oriented attitude. Specifically, the current research focuses on how the negative contextual elements of job insecurity and job crowding (i.e., job demands) interact with the potentially positive elements of organizational support and customer participation (i.e., job resources), as well as with an employee's customer orientation, to ultimately develop a customer-oriented attitude. This study concludes with some propositions for potential causal relationships among key constructs that can be empirically tested in future research, as well as implications of the current study for both managers and researchers.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.432-444
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• 2015

본 연구는 Schaufeli & Bakker(2004)의 직무요구-자원 이론을 적용하여 병원이라는 특수한 조직 환경안에서 나타나는 직무요구-자원 변수들이 직무소진과 직무열의에 있어 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 살펴보고 그 과정에서 감정노동전략의 차별적 매개역할을 검증하였다. 연구결과를 살펴보면 직무요구-자원은 직무소진과 직무열의에 있어서 정적인 관계를 나타냈고 직무요구는 표면행동을, 직무자원은 내면행동을 유발하였다. 그러나 내면행동은 직무열의에 정적인 관계를 보였고 표면행동은 기존의 연구결과와 달리 직무소진과 부적인 관계를 나타냈으나 유의하지 않았다. Boostrap을 통해 매개모형을 검증한 결과 두 간접효과가 유의하지 않아 직무요구-자원수준이 직무태도인 직무소진과 직무열의에 미치는 영향에 있어서 감정노동 전략수행의 매개역할은 검증되지 않았다.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.88-98
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to construct and test a structural equation model of burnout of the critical care nurses based on the job demand-resource model. Methods: A structured questionnaire was completed by 414 critical care nurses. The relationships between concepts of job stress, empathic ability, resilience, job satisfaction, compassion fatigue and burnout were analyzed. Using SPSS WIN 22.0 and AMOS 22.0 programs, the direct and indirect effects of factors affecting burnout among critical care nurses were calculated and modelled. Results: The modified model was yielded as follows: Chi-square= 216.59, GFI= .93, AGFI= .89, NFI= .90, CFI= .93, RMSEA= .07, SRMR= .06 and showed good fit indices. Job satisfaction and compassion fatigue had mediation effects between other three exogenous variables and burnout. Conclusion: The major findings of this study indicate that it is important to develop a support program for critical care nurse in order to improve their job satisfaction and ameliorate their compassion fatigue.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.114-122
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine burnout and job satisfaction among nurses based on Job Demand-Resource Model. Methods: A survey using a structured questionnaire was conducted with 464 hospital nurses. Analysis of data was done with both SPSS Win 17.0 for descriptive statistics and AMOS 18.0 for the structural equation model. Results: The hypothetical model yielded the following Chi-square=34.13 (p=<.001), df=6, GFI=.98, AGFI=.92, CFI=.94, RMSR=.02, NFI=.93, IFI=.94 and showed good fit indices. Workload had a direct effect on emotional exhaustion (${\beta}$=0.39), whereas supervisor support had direct effects on emotional exhaustion (${\beta}$=-0.24), depersonalization (${\beta}$=-0.11), and low personal accomplishment (${\beta}$=-0.22). Emotional exhaustion (${\beta}$=-0.42), depersonalization (${\beta}$=-0.11) and low personal accomplishment (${\beta}$=-0.36) had significant direct effects on job satisfaction. Conclusion: The results suggest that nurses' workload should be decreased and supervisor's support should be increased in order to retain nurses. Further study with a longitudinal design is necessary.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제9권9호
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• pp.35-44
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• 2018

Purpose - In endless competition, companies pursue cost reduction and work efficiency. So, entrepreneurs try to increase job intensity, which may lead to job stress and high turnovers because of job burnout. But, Information systems are acknowledged as a work support tool that secures work convenience and the productivity of employees. In this study, we aimed to confirm the effects of information systems in reduing the work overload of employees in a human resource intensive industry. Research design, data and methodology - This is based on the job demands-resources model, conducting an empirical analysis of surveys given to hospital employees working in a human resource intensive industry. Results - The research revealed that information systems reduced the work overload of employees in a human resource intensive industry. Conclusion - This study confirmed the effects of information systems as a job resource based on JD-R theory, and presentation of empirical results indicated that information systems alleviate employee job overload and increases job satisfaction in the medical services industry. In the medical services industry, using electronic health record system decreases in work overload, which results in employees gaining time for self-development and time management, reducing job stress, and leading to job satisfaction.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.103-112
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• 2016

본 연구는 직무요구-자원 모형을 바탕으로 간호사의 직무요구와 직무자원, 직무소진과 직무열의, 건강문제와 이직의도 간의 관계를 규명하기 위한 가설적 모형을 구축하고 이를 검정하여, 간호 조직의 성공적인 자원관리 방안을 위한 기초자료를 제시하고자 시행되었다. 연구 대상자들은 서울시 소재하는 대학병원에서 근무하는 간호사 320명을 대상으로 실시되었다. 연구 결과, 간호사의 직무요구는 직무소진 증가와 직무열의 감소에 직접적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 직무자원은 직무열의 증가에 직접적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 직무요구는 직무소진을 매개로 건강문제와 이직의도 증가에 간접적으로 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 직무자원은 직무소진과 직무열의를 매개로 건강문제와 이직의도 감소에 유의한 간접효과를 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 직무소진은 건강문제 증가와 이직의도 증가에 직접적인 영향을 미치는 반면, 직무열의는 이직의도에 직접적인 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 확인되었다. 본 연구의 결과는 간호사들이 지각하는 직무자원과 직무요구가 건강문제와 이직의도에 미치는 영향을 직무소진과 직무열의의 매개 효과로 파악한 기초자료로 간호 관리자들이 조직의 성과를 높이기 위한 전략적 자료로 활용할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.39-48
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• 2021

This study was conducted to suggest a direction in which safety managers can concentrate on industrial accident prevention and safety management for the organization. The job resources of safety managers were divided into organizational and individual levels, and the magnitude of the impact on organizational commitment was compared. Furthermore, job demands were classified into environmental risk factors and personal psychological factors to confirm their effect on organizational commitment. The moderating effect of job resources and sub-factors of the variable in the relationship between job demands and organizational commitment was verified. In this study, a questionnaire survey was conducted on 193 safety managers in the domestic electric construction business, data were collected, and a questionnaire of 180 people was used for the final analysis. Based on the results, organization-level resources among the sub-factors of job resources and individual psychological factors among the sub-factors of job demand had a more significant influence on organizational commitment. In the relationship between job resources and organizational commitment, the moderating effect of job demand was verified, confirming that job demand had a negative moderating effect. Individual psychological factors had a modulating effect, whereas environmental factors did not. The significance, implications, and limitations of this study are discussed based on the research results.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.95-100
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• 2022

Cloud computing platform is a shared pool of resources and services with various kind of models delivered to the customers through the Internet. The methods include an on-demand dynamically-scalable form charged using a pay-per-use model. The main problem with this model is the allocation of resource in dynamic. In this paper, we have proposed a mechanism to optimize the resource provisioning task by reducing the job completion time while, minimizing the associated cost. We present the Cooperative Agents Dynamic Resource Allocation and Monitoring in Cloud Computing CADRAM system, which includes more than one agent in order to manage and observe resource provided by the service provider while considering the Clients' quality of service (QoS) requirements as defined in the service-level agreement (SLA). Moreover, CADRAM contains a new Virtual Machine (VM) selection algorithm called the Node Failure Discovery (NFD) algorithm. The performance of the CADRAM system is evaluated using the CloudSim tool. The results illustrated that CADRAM system increases resource utilization and decreases power consumption while avoiding SLA violations.