• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제31권12호
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• pp.1024-1032
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• 2007

The flow characteristics with the impinging angles of defrost nozzle jet inside a commercial vehicle passenger compartment were investigated experimentally by using the two-dimensional duct-nozzle model. The shape of the nozzle contraction was designed according to the curved line of cubic equation to the vertical plan of the flow direction. The impinging angles, defined as the angle between nozzle axis and a vertical line to the windshield, were varied from the $0^{\circ}\;to\;80^{\circ}$. The mean velocity distributions, the half-widths, and the momentum distributions with the cases of both the free jet and the impinging jet onto the dummy windshield were measured. The impinging jet flows similarly with wall jet from $X/b_o=20$, and the impinging angle has an effect on the half-width of the impinging jet. The momentum distributions onto the windshield increased with the increase of impinging angle, and then their inflection point was observed around the impinging angle of $60^{\circ}$.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.35-42
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• 2005

The present study has numerically and experimentally investigated the spray behavior of liquid jet injected in subsonic cross-flow. The corresponding spray characteristics are correlated with jet operating parameters. The spray dynamics are known to be distinctly different in the three regimes: the column, the ligament and the droplet regimes. The behaviors of column, penetration and breakup of liquid jet have been studied. Numerical and physical models are base on a modified KIVA code. The primary atomization is represented by a wave model base on the KH(Kelvin-Helmholtz) instability that is generated by a high interface relative velocity between the liquid and gas flows. In odor to capture the spray trajectory, CCD camera has been utilized. Numerical and experimental results indicate that the breakup point is delayed by increasing gas momentum ratio and the penetration decreases by increasing Weber number.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2005년도 제25회 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.384-394
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• 2005

Important characteristics of impinging sprays intersected by a strongly convective gaseous cross flows were experimentally investigated. The breakup processes due to different Weber and Reynolds numbers of liquid and gas streams were visually examined with quantitative measurements of breakup lengths, penetration heights, and droplet sizes. Snapshot images and spay data evidenced that, at lower jet Reynolds number the breakup processes portrays the atomization profiles similar to typical column breakup of single orifice jet. At higher jet Reynolds numbers, disintegration of jet stream is significantly expedited by strong momentum transported from strongly convective gaseous stream. The breakup length and penetration height decreased as the convective flow increase. From the bottom the wall up, the SMD measured the centerline increase. The maximum SMD appeared the top of the SMD distribution

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2005년도 제25회 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.395-406
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• 2005

Important characteristics of swirl sprays intersected by a strongly convective gaseous cross flows were experimentally investigated. The breakup processes due to different Weber and Reynolds numbers of liquid and gas streams were visually examined with quantitative measurements of breakup lengths, penetration heights, and droplet sizes. Snapshot images and spray data evidenced that, at lower jet Reynolds number the breakup processes portrays the atomization profiles similar to typical column breakup of single orifice jet. At higher jet Reynolds numbers, disintegration of jet stream is significantly expedited by strong momentum transported from strongly convective gaseous stream. The breakup length and penetration height decreased as the convective flow increase. From the bottom the wall up, the SMD measured the centerline first increases and then decreases before again increasing.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2006년도 제27회 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.353-356
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• 2006

본 논문에서는 초음속 유동장내에 분사된 이차제트 주변에서의 열전달 현상을 고찰 하였다 초음속 유동장내에 등열유속조건이 적용된 표면을 설치하고, jet to freestream momentum ratio의 변화에 따른 2차분사를 하여, 2차분사 노즐 주변의 표면온도변화를 적외선카메라를 통하여 측정하였으며, 이를 바탕으로 대류열전달계수를 계산하였다.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.47-53
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 초음속유동장 내에 분사된 2차 분사유동과 주유동의 상호작용에 의한 2차 분사노즐 주변에서의 열전달 현상을 관찰하였다. 벽면에는 등열유속조건을 주었다. 제트 자유유동간 운동량비(Jet to Freestream Momentum Ratio, J)에 따라 2차 분사를 초음속 유동장에 분사시켰으며, 적외선 카메라를 이용하여 2차 분사노즐 주변 벽면온도를 측정하였고, 이를 통하여 대류 열전달계수를 제시하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.442-449
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• 1984

본 연구에서는 두 분류가 교우되어 배합이 이루어지는 유동역에서 3차원 방향 에 대하여 평균속도분포, 난류강도분포, 난류전단응력분포, 상관계수의 분포 및 난류 운동에너지와 운동량의 변화 등을 측정 분석하였다.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.35-43
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• 2013

The empirical correlations for the prediction of breakup length of liquid jet in uniform cross flow are reviewed and classified in this study. The breakup length of liquid jets in cross flow was normally discussed in terms of the distances from the nozzle exit to the column breakup location in the x and y directions, called as column fracture distance and column fracture height, respectively. The empirical correlations for the prediction of column fracture distance can be classified as constant form, momentum flux ratio form, Weber number form and other parameter form, respectively. In addition, the empirical correlations for the prediction of column fracture height can be grouped as momentum flux ratio form, Weber number form and other parameter form, respectively. It can be summarized that the breakup length of liquid jet in a cross flow is a basically function of the liquid to air momentum flux ratio. However, Weber number, liquid-to-air viscosity ratio and density ratio, Reynolds number or Ohnesorge number were incorporated in the empirical correlations depending on the investigators. It is clear that there exist the remarkable discrepancies of predicted values by the existing correlations even though many correlations have the same functional form. The possible reasons for discrepancies can be summarized as the different experimental conditions including jet operating condition and nozzle geometry, measurement and image processing techniques introduced in the experiment, difficulties in defining the breakup location etc. The evaluation of the existing empirical correlations for the prediction of breakup length of liquid jet in a uniform cross flow is required.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.79-84
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• 2008

The correlations for cross-flow have not been well established, because of the complexity of breakup and atomization mechanism. A study was performed to investigate the characteristics of spray behaviour of liquid jet in the bag breakup regime injected into low-speed cross-flow with the pressure single-hole nozzle. The shadow-graphy method was used for the cross-flow jet visualization. The experimental variables of liquid jet were nozzle diameter $(0.3mm{\sim}1.0mm)$, injection pressure $(50kPa{\sim}150kPa)$, and the velocity of cross-flow $(27m/s{\sim}42m/s)$. The highest penetration trajectories of liquid jet are governed by the momentum ratio $({\rho}_{\iota}U_{\iota}^2/{\rho}_aU_{cross}^2)$ rather than the Weber number and the new empirical equations of the highest penetration trajectory and breakup point at low-speed corss-flow are established.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.88-96
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• 2018

공기와 물을 사용하여 인젝터의 위치와 운동량 플럭스 비가 수직유동이 횡단유동장내의 수직 분사 제트에 미치는 영향을 정성적으로 연구하고 도시하였다. 운동량 플럭스 비를 고정하고 인젝터 홀의 위치를 변화시킨 후 역으로 인젝터 홀의 위치를 고정하고 운동량 플럭스 비를 변화시켰다. 이미지 가시화는 고속카메라를 이용하여 Shadowgraph 기법을 사용하였다. 가시화된 이미지는 밀도구배강도 이미지를 통하여 분무의 차이가 비교되었다. 장치의 x/d가 증가할수록 액주 기둥의 높이가 낮아지는 것을 확인하였다. x/d가 0일 때는 어떤 운동량 플럭스 비에서도 분무가 바닥 또는 천장에 닿게 되는 결과를 보였다.