• 인삼문화
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• 제5권
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• pp.32-51
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• 2023

홍삼이 19세기에 청나라로 대량 수출되면서 개성에 대규모로 홍삼 원료삼 재배 단지가 조성되었다. 개성 상인 간 특유의 민간주도형 대부 제도인 시변제(時邊制) 는 인삼 재배에 필요한 막대한 비용을 조달할 수 있게 하였다. 대한제국 황실은 1895년에 포삼규칙(包蔘規則)을 공포하였는데 이것이 홍삼 전매제의 효시이다. 1899년 일본인들에 의한 삼포 침탈이 심해지자 황실은 일본인들에 의한 인삼의 도난을 방지하기 위해 군대가 경비를 하고, 원료삼 수납대금의 50~90% 정도를 수확 전에 미리 지급하는 국가 주도형 배상금 선교제도(賠償金 先交制度)를 운영하였다. 1895년 종자 가격이 상승하자 일부 상인들이 중국과 일본의 저질 종자를 수입하고 판매하게 되었다. 이에 1920년 공포한 홍삼전매령에서는 정부 허가 없이 외국 종자 수입을 금지하게 되었다. 일제강점기 초기인 1906년~1910년의 인삼경작은 폐농 수준이 되어 1910년도 홍삼 원료 수삼 수납량은 불과 2,771근에 불과하였으나 1915~1919년과 1920~1934년까지 각 기간 중 연평균 수삼 수납량은 각각 약 11만 근, 15만 근 수준으로 크게 증가하였다. 이러한 홍삼 원료 수삼 생산량 증가는 1908년부터 실시된 수삼 배상가격 사전 공시, 신규면적 재배 비용 융자, 우수경작인 장려금 지급 등 다양한 삼업 육성정책에 기인한 것이다. 그러나 당시 일제의 궁극적 목표는 한인 삼포주의 육성이 아니라 홍삼 사업의 이익금으로 식민지 경영유지 비용을 마련하려 했던 것이다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2009

The importance of the historical sites in cities has risen, and therefore this study was performed to find the methods to feasibly manage such sites. In line with the purpose, this study analytically reviews Japan's Kyo-machiya Restoration Policy, which has been systematically carried out under civil-official cooperation, and related policies. For reference, Kyo-machiya is the Kyoto-style wooden house. The results are derived as in the following. First of all, Kyo-machiya Restoration Policy was focused not only on traditional wooden houses but on residents and other buildings as well, and carried out under the cooperation among residents, the administrative office and enterprises. Kyoto citizens established their own ordinances that are suitable to each area so that historical sites may be managed in accordance with city planning. Also, the think tank actively participated in the establishment of municipal ordinances. Lastly, the policy was behind local residents and civic organizations so that they would continuously pay respect to historic sites in cities.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2018

Environmental issues had arisen following industrialization with rapid physical growth of city and its consequences: widened metropolitan areas, uncontrolled reconstructions of new metropolitan areas, many social issues, such as declines of existing metropolitan areas. Due to these issues, new development policies have been made in order to find identities and reconstruct new images of cities. This research aims to remind the meaning of conservation of modern construction and building re-use, and to identify values of modern architectures in the context of a city. Regeneration of cities is not only finding national identities, but also expecting to increase inflow of foreign travellers. However, this regeneration hasn't stayed sustainable, focusing only on short-term curing of the problem in limited areas. This work analyzes cases of modern architecture, historic buildings from various cultures: Western, Japanese, Chinese. The result of the analysis shows that the value of existing buildings and citizen participation is necessary to revitalize cities. Four characteristics have been also identified: historic relationship, spatial identity, spatial presence, and approachable efficiency. For a potential solution, cities need to be viewed from multiple perspectives to find a method to generate new vitality for a city whose values should be recognized as an asset through sustainable re-use, by transforming modern construction as a heritage.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제28권1호통권69호
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• pp.42-50
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• 2007

Objectives . This study was to assess the Korean Traditional Medicine forecast subjects that had been expected to be accomplished by 2005. The result will help the Korean medical society plan far policies and studies on Korean Traditional Medicine. Methods : Assessed targets were 64 subjects (expected to be studied until 2005) of the total 93 subjects from the 'Mid- to Long-Term Forecast and Plan Study for Korean Traditional Medicine'. The subjects were classified into two types : political subjects and research and development (R&D) subjects. These were determined by the quantity and contents of related political reports, political research projects, thesis, patent, placing products on sale, etc. Results :1) 5 items of a total 12 political subjects were accomplished or partially accomplished (41.7%), and 9 items of a total 46 R&D subjects were accomplished or partially accomplished (9.5%). 2) While the accomplishment percentage (accomplished or partial accomplished) in literature arrangement and D/B construction field was 100%, it was under 10% in product or system development field. Thus, it seems that practical subjects were less accomplished than academic subjects. 3) On 8 subjects of 'Forecast Research on Future of Oriental Medicine' which had been performed in Japan, the Korean expected dates when the subjects would be realized were earlier than the Japanese ones, but no subjects were realized. Conclusion · Political and academic subjects weir accomplished more than R&D and practical subjects.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.66-74
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• 2008

도로포장분야의 성능보증(warranty)계약제도는 유럽, 미국, 일본에서 오랫동안 시행되어 왔거나 시행되기 시작한 제도로서 그 효과가 입증되었거나 입증되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 유럽, 미국, 일본의 성능보증계약제도의 도입 및 운영 현황을 조사하였고, 성능보증계약제도의 장단점과 국내 적용가능성 분석을 통해 성능보증계약제도의 국내 도입방안을 제시하였다. 본 연구의 주요 결론으로 성능보증계약제도를 국내에 적용하기 위한 성능기준 개발의 필요성과, 보증보험 수수료 및 보증기간 등을 고려한 적정공사비 산정방안 마련, 국내에 적합한 성능보증방식 개발 등의 필요성을 제시하였고, 국내에 성능보증계약 제도의 도입을 위한 장단기적 적용방안을 제시하였다.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2003년도 춘계공동학술대회논문집
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• pp.11-15
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• 2003

Ennin is a Japanese buddhist monk who traveled Tang from Jun. 13, 838 A D. to Dec. 14, 847 A D. in lunar's calender and wrote lengthy diary through the travel. This diary contained not only his wandering and triumphs but also politics, economy, social culture, religion, diplomatic policies, militaries, geography, transportations and administrations. Furthermore, the beginning of his diary dated Jun. 13, to July 3, 838 A. D. is recorded in the manner of ship's logbook entries. Many terms of navigation and naval architecture appears on it. It is very important to understand them for study ancient ship and its navigation skill. This Per aims to invest the meaning of “no-a” obviously refers to some part of hull of the ship upon first step to annotate the terms which are appeared in the diary.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2020

Recently, cultural property policies have changed from the preservation of cultural assets to the utilization of cultural assets. In historic villages, more and more traditional housings have been used as lodging facilities. On the other hand, low birth rates, aging population, declining population due to population outflow to the cities, increasing vacant houses, and aging buildings are tasks of historic villages. To be preserved the historic villages continuously, it is time to review how to regenerate and utilize the growing number of vacant houses. This study targets Tambasasayama city, which is drawing attention to the regeneration and utilization of vacant houses among historic Japanese villages. We want to analyze the operation systems and deregulation of a traditional housing regeneration project in Tambasasayama city and draw suggestions for the regeneration and utilization of vacant houses in traditional villages in South Korea.

• Strategy21
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• 통권38호
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• pp.13-46
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• 2015

Dokdo issue reaches beyond economic and security interest to Koreans, as it is regarded as symbol of her independence. Albeit the fact that Japan has merely no legitimate title over Dokdo, Japan has been tenaciously insisting their jurisdiction over Dokdo since the independence of Korea. Under such circumstances, public outrage towards Japan is most certainly understandable. Yet, mere outrage itself, lacking in logic and factual grounds, can contribute little if not any, to the desirable solution of the problem. Precedents reveal that dealing maritime issues amid lack of profound understanding in international law has often led to undesirable results, such as the inclusion of Dokdo in the Joint Management Fisheries Zone in 1999 Korea-Japan Fisheries Agreement. In a sense, adroit use of international law is a critical element in preserving Korea's sovereign rights against persistent Japanese plans to rob Dokdo once again. The Dokdo issue is inextricably bound to international law; the legal status of Dokdo as island, the equitable solution of maritime boundary delimitation and effective control, existence of dispute. Yet, the public policies and arguments made by pundits are generally in lack of understanding in international law. It is now the time for Korea to commence on long-term cross-academia / department plans to establish Dokdo strategy as part of the nationwide maritime strategy effectively using international law as its stronghold.

• 무역학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.71-89
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• 2020

This study was carried out to identify the impact of EU GDPR on international trade amid the ongoing digital trade liberalization. To do this, we first looked at the current trend of digital trade liberalization, the role of data in it, and the trade-restrictive elements of EU GDPR. This allowed us to identify the negative impact of GDPR on free trade. It then conducted an interview survey on Korean companies operating in the EU to verify the conclusions reached. The result of this survey showed that the level of GDPR risk perceived by Korean firms was very low compared with those of American, Japanese and Chinese firms. In particular, the impact of GDPR is not clear for Korea's SMEs. It can be assumed that the reason for this is that Korean SMEs are not using data as a major business tool while the capability of SMEs is sufficient to cope with GDPR. In this regard, the government's appropriate policies and further research for SMEs are needed.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2024

This study attempted to derive regional characteristics from forest areas in Fukuoka Prefecture, which are traditional forestry areas in Japan, but have reached a time when new conversions are needed due to a decrease in wood prices and loss of motivation due to natural disasters such as typhoons. As a result, most of them are distributed to areas that include urbanization, rural areas, and mountain villages, and production areas of remote materials, which have the potential for forestry, but need to change policies to revitalize them due to low mountain utilization. Therefore, forest management and forestry production activities by multiple municipalities were judged to be efficient in these regions due to the promotion of forestry infrastructure, such as the expansion of forestry networks and the creation of mechanized forestry.