• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
• /
• v.50 no.4
• /
• pp.82-103
• /
• 2017

Systems operating construction expenses for preservation and repair of the architectural heritage may be divided into two in the Japanese colonial era. They are preservation cost nd preservation cost-aided constructions, according to the ownership of a building. Preservation cost construction refers to preservation and repair of government-owned buildings that Japanese Government General of Korea had the ownership and the right of management, and preservation cost-aided construction means preservation and repair of private buildings such as Buddhist temples. In the case of preservation and repair of buildings owned by the government, it was done by the Japanese Government General of Korea, so the same agent executed the budget and managed the properties. They included royal tombs and relics, old government offices, Hyanggyo and some Seowon. On the other hand, in the case of preservation and repair of private buildings, they were private properties, so Japanese Government General of Korea had rights only for permission of preservation and repair. If there was a request for .preservation and repair by an owner, the Japanese Government General of Korea decided on whether it would support its expenses or not and played a role of management and supervision. It applied to Buddhist shrines and pagodas owned by Buddhist temples and shrines and temples owned by individuals and families. Hence, in the case of government-owned buildings, because the preservation cost was spent from the Japanese Government General of Korea's budget for investigation expenses of historical remains or repair expenses of Jeolleung and ruins, they were classified into preservation cost constructions. As for private buildings, the cost was spent from their budget for aiding preservation expenses, so they were classified into preservation cost-aided constructions. Because preservation cost construction and preservation cost-aided construction were conducted by two different agents, there were a little difference in procedures for executing a construction. There was no big difference in the general progress of constructions but was an administrative difference in the kinds of documents submitted and the roles of field supervisors. Such dual systems remained unimproved throughout the Japanese colonial era. The Japanese Government General of Korea was the colonial government so much influenced by the Japanese Government. Most Japanese architectural heritage was owned by Buddhist temples and Shinto shrines and there was almost no building owned by the government, resulting in a unitary system unlike Korea. Heritage system by the Japanese Government General of Korea was established under the influence of Japan regardless of the situation in Korea. Accordingly, Japanese Government General of Korea could not present a definite solution in the bisected system of preservation and repair expenses for the heritage. It shows the limits of the Japanese Government General of Korea in the colonial era.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
• /
• v.66 no.3
• /
• pp.32-50
• /
• 2016

The purpose of this study is to reveal the process of enactment and revision, the contents of the police uniform system by the Government-General of Joseon, and to examine the relationship between the uniform system and the ruling policies of Imperialist Japan. The research methodology involved document research of official gazettes that published legislation on the police uniform system. Political background was referenced from various preceding studies. The research results are as follows. The Japanese invasion of Korea, in regards to the police, appeared as infiltrations through the three routes of consular police, temporary military police, and inside the Korean police. Each organization had different uniform systems, and after the installation of the Japanese police in 1907, the uniform system of high level officers of the Korea police was changed to the Japanese-style. After the installation of the Government-General of Joseon in 1910, a police uniform system was not enacted until 1918, with the exception being made for police officers due to the military police system. The 'Police Officer Uniform System of the Government-General of Joseon' enacted in 1918 stood out for its golden insignia on solidly colored fabric, which effectively indicated rank, as well as the Japanese flag pattern and the cherry blossom pattern, which symbolized imperialist Japan, on the cap badge and insignia. The 1918 uniform system had many differences from the Japanese system of the time in terms of design, perhaps due to the political autonomy of the governor-general. The 1918 uniform system was completely revised in 1932. This uniform system was modified in various ways. The system was almost identical to the Japanese system at that time. This is the result of Japan's intent to dominate Korea, which involved assimilating Korea into Japan with the purpose of conducting a full-fledged invasion of the continent after the Manchurian Incident.

• Architectural research
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.103-111
• /
• 2016

This paper investigates the characteristics of preservation of Korean modern architecture through Western historic preservation theories and philosophies. This research focuses on the Japanese Government-General of Korea (1926-1995) which was built in 1926 and used as the chief administrative building in Seoul (Keijo in Japanese) during the Japanese colonial period (1910-1945). After Korea was liberated from Japanese rule in 1945, this building was used until 1995 for the South Korean National Assembly, the United States Army Military Government in Korea, and the National Museum of South Korea. Although it served a variety of roles, this building was the most controversial case of historic preservation in Korean modern architecture. To analyze the peculiarities and characteristics of Korean modern architecture and its preservation, this research applied Western historic preservation theories, not exclusively from classical historic preservation theories developed by Viollet-le-Duc and John Ruskin, but also from modern historic preservation theories by Theodore H. M. Prudon, Daniel Blunstone, and Frances A. Yates. This cross-cultural and comparative study of historic preservation helps identify Korean modern architecture's characteristics. It can also be a useful reference in finding the origins of Korean modern architectural identity.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
• /
• v.36 no.3
• /
• pp.37-57
• /
• 2023

In the history of elementary school mathematics education in Korea, the period led by the Government-General of Joseon during the Japanese colonial period cannot be omitted. As a way to grasp the real state of elementary school mathematics education at that time, there is a method of analyzing elementary school mathematics textbooks published by the Government-General of Joseon. However, the actual state of the publication of them was not sufficiently known. For this reason, this study surveys the actual state of the publication of those textbooks. To this end, real information on textbooks owned currently by various institutions and information on the publication of those textbooks in the official gazette and documents of the Government-General of Joseon were checked and organized.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
• /
• v.35 no.5
• /
• pp.95-106
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this study was to analyze the "朝鮮古建築物", the list of architectural heritages in Korea during the early Japanese colonial period. The list included architectural heritage of the region of North Korea in the colonial era. A process of listing was showing the meaning of an architectural heritage for the Japanese General Government through the criteria of selecting buildings registered on the list. This study revealed the process of a survey for making list and explored the criteria of the list. The result of this effort will contribute to determining the historical background of North Korea's architectural heritage in the early days.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.18 no.7
• /
• pp.510-515
• /
• 2017

The Goon-rearrangement in 1914 caused a significant change in the Goon office buildings' construction in the Japanese colonial period. The aim of this study was to discover the administrative procedure for the construction of them around the Goon-rearrangement and also in the 1910s generally, the Japanese government-general's policy for the construction and the buildings' condition. This study analyzes the official documents for the Goon-rearrangement between the Japanese government-general of Korea and the To, the digital images of the buildings kept in the National Archive of Korea and the newspapers published in 1910s. This paper examines what the effect the construction had under the stance of the Japanese government-general of Korea, which was very passive regarding the construction of new buildings.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
• /
• v.46 no.1
• /
• pp.41-62
• /
• 2015

Though the debate of the establishment time, place and characteristic of the first fisheries cooperatives in Korea has been existed, it is clear that they had been established in the neighborhood of Tongyeong during the period of Japanese colonial rule. But the objective, motive and historical background of the first fisheries cooperatives are still slightly vague. To explain and explore that of fisheries cooperatives, over 1,000 articles of media, about 100 document of the Japanese government-general of Korea and the annals of the Joseon dynasty, many of research paper and others were included and refined. Through the result of that process, three core factors were founded that affect both the emergence of fisheries cooperatives and relationship of the them. The first one is about the royal family's fishing area where in the neighborhood of Tongyeong. The next one is Kentaro Kashii who was called king or devil of the Korean fisheries industry and the last one is fishermen and their organizations including fisheries cooperatives. Some of the above and the fishing rights conflict that make a guidance for understanding them has not been clearly mentioned. The result of this study shows that the birth of the first fisheries cooperatives were caused by not only the Japanese government-general of Korea but mainly Korean fishermen's voluntary activity and free will against fishing rights conflict between them. And both of the first fisheries cooperatives had somewhat difference in their constitution of organization and their characteristics but it was a tragic irony that the more exploitation and despoliation were conducted by Japanese government-general and Japanese capitalist the more movement and activity of Korean were frequently and severely occurred. Even though the findings and results of this study would be a proof and helpful material for understanding the establishment and their activity of fisheries cooperatives in Tongyeong, more research and contribution would be need by members of fisheries academic and business world.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
• /
• v.35 no.3
• /
• pp.293-319
• /
• 2004

This study reviews classification used the Chosun Government-General Library which library was the first of a government library in the Korea Chosun Government-General Library made and used the Eastern Books Classification, Old Books Classification and foreign Books Classification. This study investigates the characteristics of the Chosun Government-General Library Classification which library was a government library at the time of Japanese occupation of Korea. This study also compares and analyzes the classification with other major related classification system at that time to identify the relationship of influence among them.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.17 no.7
• /
• pp.8-13
• /
• 2016

The purpose of this study was to discover who designed the common type and the individual type Goon office buildings in the Japanese colonial period, and to determine how the individual type's space-compositions were compared with the common types. The study used the literature research method. The method used an analysis of the digital images of the Goon office buildings kept in the national archive of Korea, the annotation of the images, the official documents between the Japanese government-general of Korea and To, the employee's registers of the Japanese government-general of Korea, and newspapers or journals from the Japanese colonial period. The designers of the common types were the engineers of the building-construction part in the Japanese government-general of Korea and also those in To. The space-composition of the individual types was similar to and also different from the common types at the same time, and the difference was attributed to the designers' ability and their preferences.

• Journal of architectural history
• /
• v.19 no.6
• /
• pp.173-186
• /
• 2010

This article is about the study on construction contractors in Daegu during the Japanese Colonial Rule. The first construction contractors who involved with Kyong-bu railroad work in 1904 personally. But, after they go through the bidding method, changed by the Japanese Government General of Korea in 1922, and the second bid rigging in 1932, contractors was changed gradually the organization into unlimited partnership, limited partnership or stock corporation. The number of them was increased. Most contractors were Japanese, and organized a limited partnership which has been capitalized at 30,000 won. On the other hand, Korean contractors couldn't work at an important part, except for the personal activities of Youngsil Lee(李永實). They were usually employed as consultants or field deputies by Japanese contractors. After the Liberation, Japanese construction contractors returned to Japan, however Tatuoka-kumi(龍岡組), Yasiro-kumi(屋代組) and Sakano-kumi(坂野組) that was leading the business which were took over by Koreans. They were leading architecture field in Daegu.