• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국수자원학회 2021년도 학술발표회
• /
• pp.215-215
• /
• 2021

인도네시아 수마트라 지진해일(2004년)과 동일본 대지진(2011년)으로 인해 해당지역에서 막대한 인적·물적 피해가 발생하였으며, 지진해일에 대한 사람들의 경각심은 더욱 커지게 된 계기가 되었다. 반면 우리나라는 지진이 빈번하게 발생하는 국가에 비해 상대적으로 지진해일에 대해 안전하다는 국민들의 인식이 강한 것이 사실이다. 하지만 최근 우리나라에서 크고 작은 지진이 발생(2016년 경주 지진, 2017년 포항 지진 등)함에 따라 국민들은 지진 및 지진해일 안전에 대한 경각심이 높아지고 있다. 또한 한반도 주변에서 지진은 끊임없이 발생하고 있으며, 과거 우리나라는 지진해일로 인한 인명 및 재산피해가 기록된 사례도 존재한다(Cho, 2018). 본 연구에서는 원자력 발전소에서 지진해일에 대한 위험성에 대비하기 위해 지진해일 수치모형 실험을 통해 계산된 지진해일고 결과값에 대해 적절한 확률분포 모형을 개발한 후 각 지진해일 시나리오의 연초과 확률을 분석함으로써, 확률론적 지진해일 재해도 분석(PTHA : Probabilistic Tsunami Hazard Analysis)을 실시하는 것이다. 최종적으로는 연구대상지역의 지진해일 안전성 평가에 기여할 수 있는 검증된 자료를 제공한다. PTHA 분석은 미국(Park and Cox, 2016), 인도네시아(Horspool et al., 2014), 남유럽(Lorito et al., 2014), 일본(Japan Society of Civil Engineers, 2016) 등에서 연구가 활발하게 이루어졌으며 현재도 활발한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 먼저, 역사 지진해일 및 우리나라 근해에서 발생가능한 지진원(단층매개변수) 조사, 그리고 지진해일 수치모형실험 case 선정을 위한 파향선추적모형(wave ray-tracing) 수행, 마지막으로 지진해일고의 불확실성을 고려하기 위한 로직트리(Logic-Tree)기법 적용 시 사용하게 될 지진해일 단층매개변수 선정을 위한 지진해일 수치모형 실험 등을 수행한다.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국방재학회 2009년도 정기 학술발표대회
• /
• pp.36-42
• /
• 2009

A series of heavy rainfall, typhoon and earthquake disasters caused a proportionately large number of deaths among the elderly in the year 2004 in Japan. In response to these tragedies, the national government set up committees to reduce damage within the disaster vulnerable population for the next three years. The discussions in the committee led to a new conceptualization that disaster vulnerability was caused by a lack of interaction between a person's special needs and the environment's capacity and resources to meet them. This person-in-environment model of hazard vulnerability was applied to those who resided in the Nankai-Tonankai tsunami hazard-prone area. 123 home care service users were interviewed in terms of their self-evacuation ability, degree of social isolation, and building weakness as well as tsunami exposure risks. Results were quantified and scores of person-in-environmentmodel hazard vulnerability were obtained. These scores were then used to visualize socially created vulnerability by means of weighted kernel density mapping of both persons with special needs (PSN's) and persons with special needs at times of disaster (PSND's).

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제56권2호
• /
• pp.644-654
• /
• 2024

After the Tohoku earthquake and tsunami (Japan, 2011), regulatory efforts to mitigate external hazards have increased both the safety requirements and the total capital cost of nuclear power plants (NPPs). In these circumstances, identifying not only disaster robustness but also cost-effective capacity setting of NPPs has become one of the most important tasks for the nuclear power industry. A few studies have been performed to relocate the seismic capacity of NPPs, yet the effects of multiple hazards have not been accounted for in NPP capacity optimization. The major challenges in extending this problem to the multihazard dimension are (1) the high computational costs for both multihazard risk quantification and system-level optimization and (2) the lack of capital cost databases of NPPs. To resolve these issues, this paper proposes an effective method that identifies the optimal multihazard capacity of NPPs using a multi-objective genetic algorithm and the two-stage direct quantification of fault trees using Monte Carlo simulation method, called the two-stage DQFM. Also, a capacity-based indirect capital cost measure is proposed. Such a proposed method enables NPP to achieve safety and cost-effectiveness against multi-hazard simultaneously within the computationally efficient platform. The proposed multihazard capacity optimization framework is demonstrated and tested with an earthquake-tsunami example.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
• /
• 제46권2호
• /
• pp.66-79
• /
• 2021

Background: The Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) is specified in the Disaster Counter-measures Basic Act as a designated public corporation for dealing with nuclear disasters. Materials and Methods: The Nuclear Emergency Assistance and Training Center (NEAT) was established in 2002 as the activity base providing technical assistance to both national and local governments during nuclear emergencies. The NEAT has a robust structure and utilities and special installations, and it organizes training and exercises. Results and Discussion: Due to an offshore earthquake that caused a devastating tsunami in March 2011, a nuclear accident occurred at the Tokyo Electric Power Company's Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station. The NEAT responded by conducting off-site environmental radiation monitoring and contamination screening, dispatching special vehicles, offering telephone consultations, and calculating the dispersion of radioactive materials. An examination of the emergency response activities revealed that the organization was prepared for these types of disasters and was able to plan long-term response. Conclusion: As a designated public corporation, the JAEA technically supports the national government, the Fukushima prefectural government, and the Ibaraki prefectural government, all of which responded to the off-site emergencies resulting from the March 2011 Fukushima Daiichi accident

• 한국항해항만학회지
• /
• 제29권4호
• /
• pp.319-325
• /
• 2005

Planning for the construction of ports and harbors usually takes place without the consideration of tsunamis because of their rare occurrence, approximately once every 100 years. However, recent warnings indicate that massive earthquakes could occur in Japan within the next 30 years. Earthquakes may generate large-scale tsunamis. Therefore, any tsunamis in the vicinity of Japan would also be expected to affect eastern Korea. Therefore, with the looming concerns of tsunamis and earthquakes, immediate attention must be given to the planning of ports and harbors. The warnings deserve an immediate response. The threatened regions cover a very large territory, and the degree of severity of the tsunamis is forecasted to be varied. Therefore, any modeling of the potential scenarios will require a broad array of possibilities. The objective of this paper is to consider the potential damage from tsunamis to ports and moored ships in Japan and Korea. In addition, consideration will be given to how the construction plans of ports and harbors should be changed to cope with the threats from earthquakes and tsunamis.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제49권2호
• /
• pp.234-240
• /
• 2016

We examined the diffusion of contaminants released from the southern coast around Fukushima, Japan, during the passage of typhoons using a three-dimensional numerical model (POM) to track diffusing radioactivity (RA) released from the nuclear power plant at Fukushima following the accident caused by the giant tsunami event in March 2011. Radioactive contaminants released during the passage of typhoons may have significantly affected not only Japanese but also Korean coastal waters. The model domain covered most of the northwestern Pacific including marginal seas such as the East/Japan Sea and the Yellow Sea. Several numerical experiments were conducted case studies focusing on the westward diffusion from the southern coast of Japan of contaminants derived from the source site (Fukushima) according to various attributes of the typhoons, such as intensity, track, etc. The model produced the following results 1) significant amounts of contaminants were transported in a westward direction by easterly winds favorable for generating a coastal air stream along the southern Japanese coast, 2) the contaminants reached as far as Osaka Bay with the passage of typhoons, forced by a 5-day positive sinusoidal form with a (right-) northward track east of Fukushima, and 3) the range of contamination was significant, extending to the interior of the East/Japan Sea around the Tsugaru Strait. The model suggests that contaminants and/or radioactivity released from Fukushima with the passage of typhoons can affect Korean waters including the northeastern East/Japan Sea around the Tsugaru Strait, especially when the typhoon tracks are favorable for generating a westward coastal air stream along the southern Japanese coast.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.227-234
• /
• 2015

본 연구는 운영연속성 계획과 업무연속성관리 계획에 대한 개념과 국제 표준 ISO22301 및 재난대응 공통필수기능에 대해 이론적 검토를 실시하였으며 일본 지방자치단체 업무연속성 지침서 및 구축사례를 분석하여 지진 및 지진해일 발생에 따른 지방자치단체 업무연속성 계획 수립을 위한 반영사항을 도출하였다. 결과적으로는 지방자치단체 업무연속성 계획 수립을 위하여 중앙정부차원의 표준지침이 마련되어야 하고 이를 바탕으로 원활하게 구축할 수 있는 토대를 갖추어야 한다. 또한 기존에 수립된 안전관리계획을 바탕으로 업무연속성 계획을 수립하여 지방자치단체의 지역적 특성을 반영하여 작성되어야 한다. 그리고 그 지역에 맞는 업무연속성 계획을 수립하기 위해 충분한 조사를 실시하여 각각의 조직, 물자 및 시설, 환경적 특성을 알아볼 수 있다. 마지막으로 지방자치단체 업무연속성 계획을 수립하기 위해 지진 및 지진해일 발생 규모, 피해에 대하여 세부적인 시나리오를 작성하여 규모에 따른 신속한 대응을 할 수 있도록 여건을 조성한다.

• 미술이론과 현장
• /
• 제13호
• /
• pp.35-71
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this essay is to examine the responses of artists on nuclear experiences through an analysis of the nuclear images represented in contemporary Japanese art. Japan has previously as twice experienced nuclear disaster in 20th century. The first atomic bombs were dropped in 1945 as well as the 5th Fukuryumaru, Japanese pelagic fishing boat, exposed by hydrogen bomb test operated by the US in 1954 nearby Bikini atoll. Due to Tsunami taken place by the great earthquake that caused the meltdown of Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant in March 2010, Japan is being experienced a nuclear disaster again. Despite practical experiences, comtemporary Japanese art has avoided the subject of nuclear disasters since the end of the Asia-Pacific War for a variety of reasons. Firstly, GHQ prohibited to record or depict the terrible effect of atomic bomb until 1946. Secondly, Japanese government has tried to sweep the affair under the carpet quite a while a fact of nuclear damage to their people. Because Japan has produced numerous war record paintings during the Second World War, in the aftermath of the defeated war, most of Japanese artists thought that dealing with politics, economics, and social subject was irrelevant to art as well as style of amateur in order to erase their melancholic memory on it. In addition, silence that was intended to inhibit victims of nuclear disasters from being provoked psychologically has continued the oblivion on nuclear disasters. For these reasons, to speak on nuclear bombs has been a kind of taboo in Japan. However, shortly after the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima, the artist couple Iri and Toshi Maruki visited to ruin site as a volunteer for Victim Relief. They portrayed the horrible scenes of the legacy of nuclear bomb since 1950 based on their observation. Under the condition of rapid economical growth in 1960s and 1970s, Japanese subculture such as comics, TV animations, plastic model, and games produced a variety of post apocalyptic images recalling the war between the USA and Japanese militarism, and battle simulation based on nuclear energy. While having grown up watching subculture emerged as Japan Neo-Pop in 1990s, New generation appreciate atomic images such as mushroom cloud which symbolizes atomic bomb of Hiroshima. Takashi Murakami and other Neo-Pop artists appropriate mushroom cloud image in their work. Murakami curated three exhibitions including and persists in superflat and infantilism as an evidence in order to analyze contemporary Japanese society. However, his concept, which is based on atomic bomb radiation exposure experience only claimed on damage and sacrifice, does not reflect Japan as the harmer. Japan has been constructing nuclear power plants since 1954 in the same year when the 5th Fukuryumaru has exposed until the meltdown of Fukushima Nuclear Plant although took place of nuclear radiation exposures of Three Mile and Chernobyl. Due to the exploding of Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant, Japan reconsiders the danger of nuclear disaster. In conclusion, the purpose of this paper may be found that the sense of victim which flowed in contemporary art is able to inquire into the response of artist on the subject of nuclear as well as the relationship between society, politics, culture, and modern history of Japan and international political situation.

• 대한지질공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한지질공학회 2005년도 정기총회 및 학술발표회
• /
• pp.107-110
• /
• 2005

현재 한국의 지진 관측은 1905년도에 시작된 이후로 계속적인 지진 관측망 확충과 새로운 장비의 도입으로 선진국 못지않은 장비를 보유하고 있지만, 지진의 관측과 분석에 있어서는 그 수준이 미흡한 것이 현실이다. 특히, 동해안 지진원 인자 분석에 있어서 시간이 많이 소요되기 때문에 지진 경보나 지진 해일 경보를 발령하는데 어려움이 있다. 이번 연구에서는 일본에서 사용하는 지진 관측망, 한국 지진 관측망(KMA), 그리고 국제 관측망(IRIS) 지진 관측소(4개소)의 파형 포맷을 하나의 공통 파형 포맷으로 변환 ${\cdot}$합성하고 공유 분석 프로그램인 FESNET(극동 지진 관측망 분석 체계)를 구축하여 2004년 5월 29일 울진 지진과 2005년 3월 20일 일본 후쿠오카 지진의 분석을 행하였다.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국철도학회 2011년도 정기총회 및 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.2902-2909
• /
• 2011

Regional torrential rains in summer this year due to abnormal climate changes compared to last year, have been frequent. Since Typhoon Rusa and Typhoon Maemi resulted in major damage to railroad facilities in 2002 and 2003 consecutively, problems with abnormal climate changes became a global problem including railroad and floods and droughts around the globe, heavy snow and winter warming have been repeated until now. Serious problem of radiation leakage in Fukushima nuclear power plant by the Tsunami due to 9.0-scale earthquake, this year in March, in northeastern Japan happened, and has given an impact on the life of Japanese citizens and industries and has also influenced on Korean. This shows how important to secure and to protect major national facilities including railroad structures to natural disasters such as earthquake. Therefore, we will briefly discuss about technologies for securing and protecting railroad structures to earthquakes, floods and other natural disasters.