• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.1149-1155
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• 2003

OFDM/SFH 시스템은 OFDM통신시스템이 재밍에 잘 견디게 하기 위하여 주파수 도약(FH) 방식과 결합한 시스템이고, OFDM/DS 시스템은 PN(pseudo noise) 시퀀스에 의한 대역 확산(DS) 방식과 결합한 시스템이다. 본 연구에서는 OFDM/SFH 시스템과 OFDM/DS 시스템을 동일한 정보량을 기준으로 부분대역 재밍과 톤 재밍이 있는 채널 환경 에서 성능을 분석한다. 부분대역 재밍 에서는 JFR(jamming functional ratio)과 JSR(jamming to signal power ratio) 변화에 따른 BER성능을 분석하며, 단일 톤 또는 다중 톤 재밍에서의 JSR에 따른 BER성능을 분석한다. 그 결과 부분대역 재밍에서는 OFDM/DS 시스템이 OFDM/SFH 시스템보다 우수한 성능을 보인다. JFR=4/16이고, JSR=0 ㏈일 때 BER=$10^{-3}$을 기준으로 OFDM/DS 시스템 이 OFDM/SFH 시스템보다 약 2,5 ㏈ 정도의 SNR(signal to noise power ratio) 이득이 있다. 그러나 단일 톤이고, JSR=5 ㏈일 때 BER=$10^{-3}$을 기준으로 OFDM/SFH 시스템이 OFDM/DS 시스템보다 3 ㏈ 정도의 SNR 이득이 있다. 한편 다중 톤인 경우 OFDM/SFH 시스템의 성능 저하가 OFDM/DS 시스템에 비해 크게 나타난다.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.95-105
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• 2019

A method that applies space-time adaptive signal processing (STAP) algorithm based on an array antenna consisting of multiple antenna elements has been known to be effective to remove wide-band jamming signals in GPS receivers. However, the occurrence of phase distortion in navigation signals has been a problem when navigation signals, from which jamming signals are removed using STAP, are supplied to global positioning system (GPS) receivers. This paper verified the navigation performance degradation as a result of phase distortion. To mitigate this phenomenon, this paper proposes a mode switching scheme, in which a bypass mode is adopted to make the best use of the tracking performance of receivers without performing signal processing when jamming signals are not present or weak, and a STAP mode is employed when jamming signals exceed the threshold value. In this paper, the mode switching scheme is proposed for two environments: when receivers are stationary, and when receivers are moving. This paper confirmed that the performance of position error improved because phase distortion could be excluded due to STAP if the bypass mode was adopted under a condition where the jamming signal power level was below the threshold value in an environment where receivers were stationary. However, this paper also observed that the navigation failed due to the instability of tracking performance of receivers due to phase distortion that occurred at the switching time, although the number of switching could be reduced dramatically by proposing a dual threshold scheme of on- and off-thresholds that switched a mode due to the array antenna characteristics of varying gains according to the jamming signal incident direction in an environment where receivers were moving. The analysis results verified that running the STAP algorithm at all times is more efficient than the mode switching, in terms of maintaining stable navigation and ensuring position error performance, to remove jamming signals in an environment where receivers were moving.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.147-153
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• 2018

Jamming countermeasures are used to decrease or prevent the impact of intentional jamming applied to degrade the quality of information provided by a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receiver. The maximum performance of jamming countermeasure can be obtained only when a proper technique is applied according to the type of jammer. This paper suggests a jamming identification technique for providing information regarding the type of jamming. The center frequency and bandwidth of jammer signal are inconsistent and may change according to time, and thus a spectral correlation function and wavelet coherence were considered in order to analyze the signal in the time and frequency space. Because the two characteristics derive different analysis results, two different identification techniques were suggested and the performances thereof were analyzed. Numerical results show that the two identification techniques have relative advantages and disadvantages as to time consumed and performance. The suggested methods can sufficiently identify the jammer before the GNSS receiver becomes inoperable because of jamming.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제37C권9호
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• pp.811-820
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• 2012

GNSS 신호는 구조가 개방되어 있을 뿐만 아니라 수신 신호 세기가 미약하여 전파교란에 취약하다. 이에 따라 전파교란에 대한 영향 분석 및 대응 기법에 대한 연구의 필요성이 증대되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 실제 전파교란 환경과 유사한 환경에서의 전파교란 영향 분석을 위하여 6가지 전술 환경에 대한 전파 전파 모델과 이동체의 수신환경을 고려한 동체 차단 모델을 설계 하였다. 전파전파 모델은 도심지역, 농촌지역, 수풀지역, 해안지역, 황무지, 눈/얼음 지역에 대해서 Two-ray 모델을 이용하여 설계 하였다. 동체 차단 모델은 안테나가 이동체에 의하여 받는 영향과 사용자가 직접 입력한 안테나 패턴을 이용하여 모델링하였다. 전파교란이 없는 정상 환경과 전파교란 환경에 대하여 이동체의 수신환경을 고려한 GNSS 신호 생성기의 출력은 상용수신기(NordNav)를 이용하여 검증 하였다. 정상 환경에서는 사용자의 항법 성능이 상용 H/W 신호 생성 시뮬레이터(STR4500)과 유사한 것을 확인하였다. 전파교란 환경에서는 이동체 위치에 따른 동체 차단 효과 및 전파교란 신호에 의한 GNSS 신호 획득 및 추적 손실이 정확히 반영됨을 확인 하였다.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.264-269
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• 2013

This paper is to investigate propagation path characteristics of GPS potential jamming signal. To do this, the spherical ground diffraction model is applied to the potential jamming scenario referred to the GPS jamming events occurred in recent years. The fundamental theory on the propagation path loss is discussed and a specific model is applied to several vehicles types which have own heights of antennas in order to compare their propagation path loss values at same 2-D location. The transmitting powers are appropriately given as the ordinary GPS jamming events. And then the received powers in dBW are obtained with given transmitting powers and the estimated total loss. The result of received jamming power at various locations due to the given scenario was distinct. For example, propagation loss values were estimated as -147 ~ -142dBW and -167 ~ -162dBW in $10^6W$ and $10^4W$, respectively. This computation result of the loss can be seriously considered with the tolerable jammer power against L1- C/A GPS receiver under any real jamming situations.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.45-51
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• 2014

GNSS has the disadvantage of being vulnerable to jamming, and thus, the necessity of jamming countermeasure techniques has gradually increased. Jamming countermeasure techniques can be divided into an anti-jamming technique and a jammer localization technique. Depending on the type of a jammer, applicable techniques and performance vary significantly. Using an appropriate jamming countermeasure technique, the effect of jamming on a GNSS receiver can be attenuated, and prompt action is enabled when estimating the location of a jammer. However, if an inappropriate jamming countermeasure technique is used, a GNSS receiver may not operate in the worst case. Therefore, jammer identification is a technique that is essential for proper action. In this study, a technique that identifies a jammer based on template matching was proposed. For template matching, analysis of a received jamming signal is required; and the signal analysis was performed using a spectral correlation function. Based on a simulation, it was shown that the proposed identification of jamming signals was possible at various JNR.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.221-228
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• 2020

This paper presents the radar counter jamming algorithm and ground far-field test results for the pull-off deceptive jamming signals like RGPO(Range Gate Pull Off) and VGPO(Velocity Gate Pull Off). We designed the radar counter jamming algorithm according to the characteristics of the deceptive jamming signals. This algorithm is validated by simulation before ground far-field test. The existing X-band AESA radar demonstrator was used to test the proposed algorithm. The proposed algorithm was applied to the radar processor software. The deceptive jamming signals generated using the commercial jamming signal generator. We performed the repeated ground far-field test with the test scenario. Test results show that the proposed counter deceptive jamming algorithm works in the real radar system.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.419-424
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• 2019

본 논문에서는 광대역 재밍 신호 환경에서 원하는 목표물을 추정하기 위한 알고리즘을 제안 한다. 재밍 신호를 억제하는 방법으로, 본 연구에서는 시공간적응 알고리즘과 QR분해를 사용하여 최적의 가중치를 획득한다. 시공간적응 알고리즘은 적응배열안테나시스템에서 탭 지연 신호에 복소 가중치를 곱하여 가중치를 생성하고, 역행렬로 인한 전력소모를 최소화하기 위해서 QR분해를 이용하여 최적의 가중치를 획득한다. 모의실험을 통하여, 본 연구에서 제안한 알고리즘과 기존 알고리즘의 성능을 비교 분석한다. [-40o,0o,+40o]의 목표물 추정에서 본 연구에서 제안 한 알고리즘이 3개의 목표물을 모두 추정하였지만 기존 알고리즘은 재밍 신호 때문에 [0o]에서만 추정하였다. 본 연구의 제안 알고리즘이 재밍 신호를 제거하고 원하는 목표물을 정확히 추정하여 성능이 향상되었음을 입증하였다.

• 한국위성정보통신학회논문지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.46-51
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 항재밍 GPS(Global Positioning System) 시스템을 위한 선형 어레이 안테나(linear array antenna) 시뮬레이터(simulator)를 설계하고 시뮬레이션을 통해 다양한 성능 평가를 수행하였다. 먼저 GPS 위성의 신호 구조 분석을 통해 모의 송신신호를 발생시키고, 선형 어레이 안테나 고려시 잡음 환경하에서의 어레이 수에 따른 SNR(Signal to Noise power Ratio) 성능을 분석하였다. 또한 MMSE(Minimum Mean Square Error) 방식의 신호처리 시스템을 통해 재머(jammer) 수에 따른 항재밍 빔패턴(beam pattern) 성능을 분석하였으며, 안테나 칼리브레이션(calibration) 문제를 고려하여 어레이간 지연이 존재하는 경우에서의 항재밍 성능을 분석하였다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제22권10호
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• pp.869-875
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• 2016

In this paper, a novel scheme with which to mitigate a repeat-back jamming effect is proposed for the GPS L1 coarse/acquisition signal. The proposed scheme estimates the code tracking bias caused by repeat-back jamming signals using a Combined Pseudo-random noise signal. It then mitigates the repeat-back jamming effect by subtracting the estimated code timing on a normal correlation channel from the estimated value. Through a Monte-Carlo simulation, the proposed scheme can diminish the running average of code tracking bias to less than 10% of the bias using the conventional scheme.