• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제11권5호
• /
• pp.157-171
• /
• 2011

얼마 전 세상은 제임스 카메론의 최근작인 <아바타>에서 디지털 액터의 성공적인 출현을 목격하였다. 이런 디지털 애니메이션 캐릭터의 탄생은 영상 표현 기술의 발전에 의해 갑자기 만들어진 것이 아니다. 과거 애니메이션 영상과 실사영상의 결합을 시도했던 수많은 노력들이 테크놀로지의 발전과 맞물려 영상산업계의 커다란 변화를 가져올만한 성과를 이루어낸 것이다. 이런 시도들의 선봉에 선 사람들 중, 지속적으로 주목할 만한 성과를 낸 대표적인 감독이 두 명 있다. 제임스 카메론 감독과 로버트 저메키스 감독이다. 영상 테크놀로지에 대한 지속적인 캐릭터 표현 연구와 노력이 작품을 통해 상당히 오랜 기간 동안 나타났다. 영상 테크놀로지의 역할에 대한 이해에 있어서 두 감독은 서로 다른 시각을 가지고 있었던 것으로 보인다. 실제로 테크놀로지를 대하는 자세의 차이가 결국 두 감독의 최근 작품에서 매우 다른 결과를 가져 온 것으로 생각된다. 본문에서는 영상 테크놀로지 이용을 중심으로 두 감독의 작품들을 비교, 분석해보고자 한다. 두 감독이 시도했던 애니메이션과 실사영상의 결합에 대한 진보적인 성과들, 또 영화 제작에 있어서 테크놀로지의 역할을 인식하는 자세의 차이를 알아보는 것은 향후 끊임없이 계속될 새로운 영상 기술의 출현을 맞이해야 하는 우리 영상산업계의 기술수용과 대응에 있어서도 그 의미를 찾을 수 있다고 본다.

• 영어영문학
• /
• 제58권2호
• /
• pp.217-247
• /
• 2012

This essay attempts to read Melville's Moby-Dick as a prefiguration of American pragmatism, especially Jamesian version of it. Underlying this project is the assumption that the American Romance and James's pragmatism partake in the enduring tradition of American thoughts and imagination. Despite the commonality in their roots, the continuity between these two products of American culture has received few critical assessments. The American Romance has rarely been discussed in terms of American pragmatism in part because critics have tended to narrowly define the latter as a kind of relativistic philosophy equivalent to practical instrumentalism, political realism and romantic utilitarianism. Consequently, they have favored literary works in the realistic tradition for their textual analyses, while eschewing a more imaginative genre like the American Romance. My contention is that James's version of pragmatism is a future oriented pluralism which is unable to dispense with the power of imagination and the talent for seeing unforeseen possibilities inherent in nature and culture. James's pragmatism is in tune with the American Romance in that it savours the attractions of alternative possibilities created by the genre in which the imaginary world is imbued with the actual one. The pragmatic impulse in Moby-Dick finds its finest expression in the words and acts of Ishmael. Through this protean narrator, Melville renders the text of Moby-Dick symbolic, fragmentary and thereby pluralistic in its meaning. With his rhetoric of incompletion and by refraining from totalizing what he experiences, Ishmael shuns finality in truth and entices the reader to join his intellectual journey with a non-foundational notion of truth and meaning in view. Ishmael also envisages pragmatists' beliefs that experience is fluid in nature and the universe is in a constant state of becoming. Yet Ishmael as the narrator of Moby-Dick is more functional than foundational.

• 대한수학회논문집
• /
• 제33권2호
• /
• pp.561-569
• /
• 2018

In this paper, we introduce some notions of orthogonality in the setting of Finsler $C^*$-modules and investigate their relations with the Birkhoff-James orthogonality. Suppose that ($E,{\rho}$) and ($F,{\rho}^{\prime}$) are Finsler modules over $C^*$-algebras $\mathcal{A}$ and $\mathcal{B}$, respectively, and ${\varphi}:{\mathcal{A}}{\rightarrow}{\mathcal{B}}$ is a *-homomorphism. A map ${\Psi}:E{\rightarrow}F$ is said to be a ${\varphi}$-morphism of Finsler modules if ${\rho}^{\prime}({\Psi}(x))={\varphi}({\rho}(x))$ and ${\Psi}(ax)={\varphi}(a){\Psi}(x)$ for all $a{\in}{\mathcal{A}}$ and all $x{\in}E$. We show that each ${\varphi}$-morphism of Finsler $C^*$-modules preserves the Birkhoff-James orthogonality and conversely, each surjective linear map between Finsler $C^*$-modules preserving the Birkhoff-James orthogonality is a ${\varphi}$-morphism under certain conditions. In fact, we state a version of Wigner's theorem in the framework of Finsler $C^*$-modules.

• Wind and Structures
• /
• 제30권3호
• /
• pp.219-229
• /
• 2020

Net pressures on roofs and walls of buildings are dependent on the internal and external pressure fluctuations. The variation of internal and external pressures are influenced by the size and location of the openings. The correlation of external and internal pressure influences the net pressures acting on cladding on different parts of the roof and walls. The peak internal and peak external pressures do not occur simultaneously, therefore, a reduction can be applied to the peak internal and external pressures to obtain a peak net pressure for cladding design. A 1:200 scale wind tunnel model study was conducted to determine the correlations of external and internal pressures and effective reduction to net pressures (i.e., net pressure factors, F_C) for roof and wall cladding. The results show that external and internal pressures on the windward roof and wall edges are well correlated. The largest ${\mathcal{C}}_{{\check{p},net}$, highest correlation coefficient and the highest F_C are obtained for different wind directions within 90° ≤ θ ≤ 135°, where the large openings are on the windward wall. The study also gives net pressure factors F_C for areas on the roof and wall cladding for nominally sealed buildings and the buildings with a large windward wall opening. These factors indicate that a 5% to 10% reduction to the action combination factor, K_C specified in AS/NZS 1170.2(2011) is possible for some critical design scenarios.

• Wind and Structures
• /
• 제22권3호
• /
• pp.307-328
• /
• 2016

This paper describes an investigation of the net wind loads on solar panels and wind loads on the underlying roof surface for panels mounted parallel to pitched roofs of domestic buildings. Typical solar panel array configurations were studied in a wind tunnel and the aerodynamic shape factors on the panels were put in a form appropriate for the Australian/New Zealand Wind Actions Standard AS/NZS 1170.2:2011. The results can also be used to obtain more refined design data on individual panels within an array. They also suggest values for the aerodynamic shape factors on the roof surface under the panels, based on a gust wind speed at roof height, of ${\pm}0.5$ for wind blowing parallel to the ridge, and ${\pm}0.6$ for wind blowing perpendicular to the ridge. The net loads on solar arrays in the middle portion of the roof are larger than those on the same portion of the roof without any solar panels, thus resulting in increased loads on the underlying roof structure.

• 복식
• /
• 제54권6호
• /
• pp.91-100
• /
• 2004

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the influence of T-shirt as a movie costume on the modem mass fashion. The way of study is to analyze the changes of men's image with T-shirt as Hollywood actors costume in 50's and 60's. The costumes create the characters with meanings and symbols moreover they lead fashion as well as promoting artistic value of films. At the end of the 19th century, this shirt learnt the ropes in the U.S. Navy well before it won the hearts of sportsmen and workers alike, with its twin virtues of comforts and hygiene. When American soldiers returned home after World War II showing their T-shirts in the sweltering heat of the Tropics, their shirts were as heroic as they were. Furthermore the new stars of Hollywood, going by such names as Marlon Brando and James Dean, gave the T-shirt its rebel cachet and showed the whole world. Be it tom open on Marlon Brando's torso in Elia Kazan's 'A Streetcar Named Desire', or peeping out dazzlingly white from under James Dean's red jacket in 'Rebel Without a Cause', the T-shirt flaunted its sexuality and emanated the sweet smell or revolt. It would be the banner of rebellion for a whole generation. The T-shirt had finally found its way into the history of fashion and was there to stay.d was there to stay.

• 패션비즈니스
• /
• 제23권6호
• /
• pp.1-15
• /
• 2019

Appropriation is of considerable significance in a cultural trend of thought, as one of the means of realizing the post-modernism period. With the increasing use of appropriation techniques in modern fashion, it is necessary to study the external performance and internal aesthetic value of appropriation in fashion. In the book of cultural appropriation, American scholar James o young divides into three categories of appropriation in culture, namely: object appropriation, content appropriation, and subject appropriation. Based on James O Young's three types of appropriation techniques summarized in the theory of the cultural appropriation, the purpose of this study is through the appropriation of the poncho of traditional Mexican clothing in modern fashion as an example; analyzing the external appropriation characteristics and internal aesthetic significance of different appropriation type. The results are as follows. First, designers take the Originality in modern fashion by expressing Mexican Poncho's form, color, pattern, and material as it is through object appropriation technique. Second, through the Mexican folk poncho's style, designers used these to show the similarity produced by content appropriation in modern fashion. Third, designers used the poncho's design concept or poncho's culture, blending the theme of the collection, adding different color, pattern or materials such as fur, lace, and wool, and presenting a new image different from folk costumes through creative subject appropriation technique.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
• /
• 제25권5호
• /
• pp.1069-1077
• /
• 2014

클럽발은 발이 안쪽으로 굽어있는 상태로 태어나는 선천적인 발 기형의 일종이다. 본 연구에서는 한 쪽 클럽발 환자들의 수술 후 시간에 따른 양 쪽 발의 상대적인 차이 커브들을 군집분석 하려고 한다. 관측값들이 일정하지 않은 (irregular) 시점에서 희박하게 (sparsely) 관측되어서 일반적인 함수적 군집모형을 사용할 수 없어 James와 Sugar (2003) 가 제안한 희박한 자료의 함수적 군집 모형 (functional clustering model)을 이용하여 모수들을 추정하였다. 그리고 Sugar와 James (2003)의 왜곡함수 (distortion function)를 이용하여 군집의 수를 결정하여 군집분석하여 두 개의 군집을 발견하였다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• 제48권4호
• /
• pp.410-416
• /
• 2021

Background This systematic review compared free anterolateral thigh (ALT) flaps versus pedicled distally based sural artery (DBSA) flaps for reconstruction of soft tissue defects of dorsal foot and ankle in children. Methods A systematic literature search was performed to identify cases where an ALT or DBSA was used to reconstruct the dorsal foot in children. A total of 19 articles were included in the systematic review. Results Eighty-three patients underwent an ALT reconstruction and 138 patients underwent a DBSA reconstruction. Patients who had a DBSA were more likely to require grafting of the donor site (P<0.001). The size of ALT flaps was significantly larger than DBSA flaps (P=0.002). Subsequent flap thinning was required in 30% of patients after ALT and 12% of patients after DBSA reconstruction (P<0.001). Complications occurred in 11.6% of DBSA and 8.4% of ALT flaps (8.4%). Conclusions Both flaps are valid options in reconstructing pediatric foot and ankle defects. Each flap has advantages and disadvantages as discussed in this review article. In general for larger defects, an ALT flap was used. Flap choice should be based on the size of the defect.

• 영미문화
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.27-50
• /
• 2009

Henry James tries to describe minutely in The Wings of the Dove the process in which a bad faith grows, is practiced in one's self, and spreads to a society. Through this fictional specificity, he embodies an analogy between a bad faith and social role-playing. That is, he shows, through the main characters such as Milly Theale and Merton Densher, how self interacts with the other and a society. In this interaction, there is some essential element, namely, an organic relationship between a self identity and a social role-model, which James describes very meticulously. Therefore, the characters are depicted as seeking to define self identity and eventually distorting it. Thus, The Wings of the Dove can be seen as a tragedy in which the characters who have this wrongly distorted self identity come to experience its effects. The distorted self identity appears to function as a social role. Milly distorts her true self identity by internalizing a dove-image for it. This results in a bad faith. Moreover, the American girl Milly utilizes it as a convenient social role-model which makes it easy for her to interact and engage with the others in the European society. Merton also evades adventurous and painful self-reflection and self-criticism by sticking to the mannerisms of gentlemanship and imitates the sublimity which Milly shows him. Thus, Milly and Merton clearly omit self-inspection and self-inquiry for the contact between a free self and a society, which is essential to obtain social objectivity, namely, intersubjectivity.