• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.48-59
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• 1992

본 논문에서는 규칙파중에서 공기부양선의 운동응답에 미치는 스커트의 변형에 대한 연구가 이루어졌다. Bag과 부양실내의 공기는 압축성 유체로 또한 각각의 체적내에서 압력은 공간상으로 일정하다고 가정하였다. 부양압력에 의한 자유표면의 변형은 선형포텐셜 이론을 사용하였으며, 부양압력을 진동하며 일정속도로 전진하는 압력면으로 대치하여 구하였다. Bag-Finger형 스커트는 표면적이 변화하지 않는 상태에서 변형한다고 가정하여, 압력변화와 자유표면 상승에 대한 변형모델을 제시하였고, 스커트의 복원력과 복원모멘트가 공기부양선의 상하동요, 종동요에 미치는 영향을 해석하였다. Bag내의 압력과 부양압력을 변화시키며 또 스커트의 모양을 변화시키면서 파중에서 공기부양선의 운동응답을 계산하였다.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.262-269
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• 1997

발전 설비중 열교환기 튜브와 같이 단면 형상이 원형인 부품의 원주 방향으로 마모, 침식 등에 의해 발생할 수 있는 단면 형상 변화를 검사(profilometry)하기 위한 와전류 탐촉자를 임피던스 등가회로이론을 적용하여 개발하였다. 본 연구에서는 외경 9.68mm, 벽두께 0.47mm인 SS304 튜브 외부에 발생할 수 있는 마모, denting 등의 결함을 모의한 시편을 제작하여 실험을 통해 검출 감도와 S/N비가 최적인 탐촉자의 코일치수, 전기적 특성, 적용 시험 주파수 등을 설정하였다. 이 결과에 따라 단면 형상 검사용 $8{\times}1$ 다중표면 탐촉자를 설계 제작하여 모의시편의 각 결함별 마모율을 검사한 결과 튜브 외부 발생 단면 형상 변화를 튜브외경의 ${\pm}0.2%$ (0.022mm) 측정 오차 범위로 측정이 가능함을 확인하였다.

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.81-89
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• 2008

분자동역학을 이용하여 이온빔 스퍼터링 과정에서 원자의 거동을 연구하였다. Ar이온이 Au와 Pd(001) 표면에 다양한 에너지와 입사각도로 충돌할 때, 표면원자들 중 일부는 공간으로 떨어져 나갔으며, 반응 후 일부 원자들은 초기 표면보다 위쪽에 재증착 되는 현상이 관찰되었다. 재증착 원자의 수율은 스퍼터된 원자보다 Au의 경우 약 5배, Pd의 경우 약 3배 많이 입사 에너지와 입사 각도에 상관없이 발생됨을 확인하였다. 연속된 입사계산을 통해, 스퍼터링 과정에 발생되는 다양한 표면 패턴 형성 메커니즘을 식각만으로 설명하고 있는 종래의 개념과는 달리, 이온빔으로 인해 끊임없이 발생되는 재증착 원자들이 표면의 구조를 형성하는데 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 확인되었다.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.388-407
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• 1995

This study is (a) to describe the history of Total Quality Management (TQM) generated in the industry, health care service, and nursing society ; (b) to define the concept, total quality management including the definition of quality ; (C) to explain the each principle of TQM theory developed by main theorists, E. Deming, J. Juran, and B. Crosby ; (d) to give the examples related to TQM implementation at the health care organization ; and (e) to mention the extent to which the health care organizations are able to evaluate their cultural organization toward TQM and have had the way to measure the effect of TQM implementation. TQM referred to Continuous Quality Improvement(CQI), Quality Improvement(QI), and Total Quality Improvement(TQI), was not recognized by experts in the United States industry, but by economists in Japan until the end of the 1970's. However, the United States' government led to introduce the principles of TQM to general industry as well as health care service area so that TQM became a main philosophy to manage the organizations in health care service. TQM is a structured, systematic process for creating organization-wide participation in planning and implementing continuous improvement in quality. E. Deming established the "Chain reaction in Quality" and the fourteen point of TQM. The Chain reaction in quality is to describe the relationship among the reduction of waste, rework, and delay, quality improvement, customer satisfaction, and productivity. There are fourteen points to explain the principles of TQM by E. Deming. Juran defined the "Quality Trilogy" to improve the level of quality in any organization. Quality Trilogy has three steps such as quality planning, quality control, and quality improvement for implementing the TQM projects. Crosby describes his TQM theory by establishing "Four Absolutes" and "Fourteen steps in TQM" implementation. Until now, most healthcare organizations have made efforts to organize the TQM task team and to implement TQM principles with various issues. There are three priorities to select the TQM issues : High-volume, High-risk, and Problem-prone. However, there is no absolute, credible measurement yet to evaluate the effects of TQM implementation in health care organization regardless of the classification of health care organizations, geographical background, and social influence. Thus, developing the evaluation way in terms of TQM is the foremost task in health service area. The most important thing for TQM implementation in the organization is to settle up the concept, cultural transformation from traditional management toward quality.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.84-103
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• 1996

The physiological signals measured by Oriental Medicine instruments have been analyzed quantitatively in the view of the rule of promoting and counteracting relation of five evolutive phases theory. We tried to reduce the physiological signals measured by EAV(Elec-tro-Acupuncture according to Voll) and IR thermography to the representation of five evelutive phases. The EAV index and local skin temperature on acupuncture points of each phases measured and normalized so that the total value of five phases became unity. We assumed that the normalized EAV index and local skin temperature mean the deficiency or excess of Qi for each phases. The state of Qi distribution for each phases were approximately agree with the diagnostic pattern of O. M. doctor. Taking account of the Qi distribution state of·or the five evolutive phases, we performed a proper needle insertion on acupuncture points to induce the distinct change of Qi for each phases. We compared the measured results with the predictions of Qi variation by the rule of pro- moting and counteracting relation over the five evolutive phases. For all cases, the variation of Qi in the own phase on which a needle insertion was performed were exactly same to the theoretical prediction and partial agreement was shown for the other four phases. The same analysis was carried to the results of skin temperature measurements at accupoints. We found that the local skin temperature at accupoints of each phases shelved a finite change by the needle insertion and the behavior- of its change were strongly correlated to the rule of promoting and counteracting relation of five evolutive phases.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.855-869
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to test the effectiveness of self-management relaxation training through biofeedback and progressive muscle relaxation methods. The effectiveness of the experimental methods was tested by measuring the degree of symptoms of stress (SOS), the McNair's profile of Mood States (POMS), the levels of ephinephrine, norepinephrine, pulse rate, blood pressure and natural killer cells. The subjects of this study were sixty six nursing students divided into four groups : two groups were the biofeedback and progressive muscle relaxation groups, the other two groups served as control groups. One was a group of sophomores with no experience at all, the other a junior group without self -management or relaxation training. This study was conducted for eight weeks of clinical practice from April, 26th 1998 to June, 20th 1998. Biofeedback training was done with software developed by J&J company (1-410 form for abdominal respiration training). Progressive muscle relaxation training was done with u audiotape recorded according to Jacobson's Theory. The data were analyzed with frequencies, means, and analysis of covariance using the SPSS program and the significance level of statistics was 5%. The results of the study are : 1) The importance of clinical practice stress reduction is shown in that the level of symptoms of stress in the experimental groups in clinical practice was higher than in the group receiving only a lecture. 2) The relaxation training methods of biofeedback and progressive muscle relaxation were effective in reducing the symptoms of stress under the clinical practice stress conditions. 3) The effectiveness of the biofeedback training relaxation method to reduce symptoms of stress was higher than that of progressive muscle relaxation. 4) The relaxation training methods of biofeedback and progressive muscle relaxation were effective in reducing stressful mood states. 5) The relaxation training methods of biofeedback and progressive muscle relaxation were not effective in reducing epinephrine and norepinephrine levels. 6) The relaxation training methods of biofeedback and progressive muscle relaxation were effective in increaing the number of natural killer cells. 7) The relaxation training methods of biofeedback and progressive muscle relaxation were effective in decreasing high systolic and diastolic values of blood pressure and high pulse rates. In summary, the relaxation methods of biofeedback and progressive muscle relaxation in reducing clinical practice stress were effective in lowering the level of symptoms of stress and the profile of stressful mood states. They were also effective in lowering high blood pressure and pulse rates. The relaxation methods were effective in increasing the number of natural killer cells as part of the immune function. However, relaxation methods were not effective in reducing the catecholamine level. The biofeedback training method for reduction of symptoms of stress was more effective than the progressive muscle relaxation method.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.573-594
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• 2004

최근 국내에서 통계학 전공자들뿐만 아니라 일반인들도 읽을 수 있는 통계학 책이 많이 출판되는 현상은 대단히 반가운 일이다. 그 책들 가운데에는 국내 저자가 쓴 것보다는 번역서가 더 많은데, 번역도서의 양적인 팽창은 한편으로 그 책들이 번역되어야할 이유가 과연 무엇인가라는 질문을 비롯해서 번역의 질적인 면을 검토할 필요성도 제기한다. 이 글에서는 지난 2003년에 나온 번역서 네 권을 대상으로 그 책들에 담긴 색인과 참고문헌, 통계학 이론과 통계학 용어, 그리고 통계학의 역사에 대해 중점적으로 살펴보았다. 또한 그 책들을 소개하는 일간신문의 신간소개나 서평 기사들도 검토하였다. 결론적으로 이 글의 진단은 번역서들에서 보게 되는 많은 문제점들이 통계학과 거리가 먼 번역자들이 그 책을 옮겼기 때문에 생긴다는 것이다. 따라서 국내의 통계학 전문가들이 일반 대중을 위한 통계학 책의 필요성, 번역 작업이 갖는 의미, 번역할 책의 선택에 대해 좀더 활발하게 토론하고 무엇보다 직접 번역 작업에 참여할 필요가 있겠고, 나아가 일반 한국 사람을 대상으로 한국어로 된 훌륭한 통계학 책을 쓰는 작업에도 더 적극적일 필요가 있겠다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제27권10호
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• pp.518-523
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• 2017

In commercial solar cells, the pattern of the front electrode is critical to effectively assemble the photo generated current. The power loss in solar cells caused by the front electrode was categorized as four types. First, losses due to the metallic resistance of the electrode. Second, losses due to the contact resistance of the electrode and emitter. Third, losses due to the emitter resistance when current flows through the emitter. Fourth, losses due to the shading effect of the front metal electrode, which has a high reflectance. In this paper, optimizing the number of finger on a $4{\times}4$ solar cell is demonstrated with known theory. We compared the short circuit current density and fill factor to evaluate the power loss from the front metal contact calculation result. By experiment, the short circuit current density($J_{sc}$), taken in each pattern as 37.61, 37.53, and $37.38mA/cm^2$ decreased as the number of fingers increased. The fill factor(FF), measured in each pattern as 0.7745, 0.7782 and 0.7843 increased as number of fingers increased. The results suggested that the efficiency(Eff) was measured in each pattern as 17.51, 17.81, and 17.84 %. Throughout this study, the short-circuit current densities($J_{sc}$) and fill factor(FF) varied according to the number of fingers in the front metal pattern. The effects on the efficiency of the two factors were also investigated.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.261-271
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• 2000

벽면운동(wall motion)과 임피던스 페이즈앵글(impedance phase angle; 압력파와 유랑파 기아의 위상차)을 고려하여 맥동유동하에 있는 복부대동맥 분기관모델에서 2차원 전산유체해석을 수행하였다. 해석결과 분기광 근처에서응 전단응력의 크기가 매우 급격한 변화를 보임을 관찰하였고 벽면운동은 전단응력의 진폭을 감소시키는 효과를 가져왔다. 임피던스 페이즈 앵글이 음의 값을 향해 갈수록 시간 평균된 벽면 전단응력(mean wall shear stress)의 값은 감소하였으나 진폭(amplitude of wall shear stress)은 오히려 증가하였다. 페이즈앵글의 영향은 평균 벽면전단응력이 영에 근접하는 외벽(outer wall or lateral wall)의 바같쪽으로 휘어지는 부분(curvature site)에서 상대적으로 크게 나타났는데 $-90^{\circ}$ 페이즈앵글(혈류파가 혈압파를 1/4주기 앞서는 경우)일 경우에 $0^{\circ}$의 경우에 비해 평균은 $50\%$정도 감소하였고 진폭은 $15\%$정도의 상승를 나타내었다. 그러므로 고혈압 환자와 같이 큰 음의 페이즈앵글을 갖는 경우, 벽면전단응력의 평균은 낮아지고 시간에 따라 변화량(진폭)은 증가하므로 low and oscillatory wall shear stress 이론에 의하면 동맥경화에 더 민감하게 된다. 비뉴턴유체로 모델링한 경우에는 뉴턴유체의 경우에 비해 벽면전단응력의 평균값이 증가하므로서 동맥경화에 덜 민감하게 된다.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제5권
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• pp.151-199
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• 1992

A study on Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n, one of the most widely-known Korean medicine books, has been conducted and the findings are as follows:the political and social background at the end of Yi-dynasty amidst the inflow of western civilization and the aggression of foreign forces can be seen as a historical period of trial, when civilization and independence had to be preserved at the same time, during the period, the social trend was to pursue a rapid practical solution rather than a profound theory. Responding to this trend, simple and easy medical science became to prevailand the representative medicine book of this kind was Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n. 1. Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n was written comprising the characteristics of simple and easy medical science with a view to popularizing-collection of logics, easy readability, medical science in time, etc. 2. Bang Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n, rich and grand in content, came out of Dong-$\breve{U}$i-Bo-Gam at the right moment as a pragmatic guide book of Korea medical practice symbolizing Korean spirit. 3. Do-yun Whang whose pen name was Hye-Am was born in Changwon, Kyungnam-do as the 18th descendant of Changwon Whang family. He engaged in medical practice in Seoul and wrote and edited Boo-Bang-Py$\breve{u}$n-Ram. $\breve{U}$i-Jong-Son-Ik, $\breve{U}$i-J$\breve{u}$ng-Son-Ik-Bu-Yeo, $\breve{U}$i-Bang-Whan-Tu, ect. and made his son, Pil-Su follow him and let him edit Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n, which put $\breve{U}$i-Bang-Whal-Tu and Son-Ik-Bon-Cho together. 4. The construct of Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n can be subdivied into three parts: herbs of 34 classes and 514 kinds were arranged on the upper part and $\breve{U}$i-Bang-Whal-Tu was arranged on the middle end lower part. Such arrangement can be very effective in clinics. 5. Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n as a curative book of Korean medical science has been a necessary another ego for many Korean medical practioners. It also played a great role of enhancing Korean oriental medical science to be widely used by Koreans. On the other hand, it produced a side effect of emergence of employed medical practioner who lacked in scholastic aptitude. 6. Tens or newly edited Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n have been issued. Among them, Jung-Jeong, Bang-Yak-Hap-py$\breve{u}$n, J$\breve{u}$ng-Mak-Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n. By$\breve{u}$n-J$\breve{u}$ng-Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n, and By$\breve{u}$n-J$\breve{u}$ng-Bang-Yak-Jung-Jeon have been widely known. Lately, Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n which includes more symptoms and remedies or is translated into Korean came out in several kinds. 7. The number of korea classical medicinal books quoted in Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n is 68, among which Dong-$\breve{U}$i-Bo-Gam Occupies the top in the list enlisting 69 medicinal treatment. This Shows that Dong-$\breve{U}$i-Bo-Gam gave birth to Bang-Yak-Hap-Py$\breve{u}$n.