• Journal of Daesoon Thought and the Religions of East Asia
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.133-155
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• 2022

Throughout the Chinese sphere, that is, in the People's Republic of China and Taiwan, tea houses, tea stores, and tea meditation groups often without a particular religious orientation have appeared in the past decades. Tea lovers groups with various philosophical discussions appear throughout cyberspace, where people show their appreciation for tea as a drinkable delicious product and a spiritual tool. The question to be asked here is whether it should be recognized as a religious or spiritual practice agent in and of itself? Should we then talk about the present-day movement of teaism? If we do recognize this as a spiritual phenomenon, should it then be labeled as a New Religious Movement? The trajectory of tea in China is intrinsically connected to religious traditions. This connection is historical, yet it plays a part in the contemporary religious and spiritual sphere. The article explores the continuation and developments of tea culture in the context of the religious sphere of China, looking at practices connected to tea of communities, religious organizations, and individuals. The author explores how tea drinking, commercializing and tea related practices intersect with politics, materiality, and spirituality in contemporary society. In this context it is then argued that tea is a cultural element, religious self-refinement tool, and an active material agent with social-political capacities. The study includes historical narratives, ethnographic data, and literary sources about tea, making up a genealogy of tea which encompasses ritualistic aspects, economic aspects, and power relations related to tea in Chinese society.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.61.1-61.1
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• 2021

OWL-Net (Optical Wide-field patroL Network) is the first space situational awareness facility of its kind in South Korea which consists of five identical 0.5 m wide-field telescopes with 4K by 4K CCDs. The five stations are located in Mongolia, Morocco, Israel, United States, and South Korea. They are being operated in fully autonomous mode with the minimum human intervention. The primary objective of OWL-Net is to track Korean domestic satellites. In addition, it can be possible to conduct time-series photometry of bright solar system objects. We will present the system overview of the OWL-Net telescopes and progress report.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.36.2-36.2
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• 2019

Fe II emission is a prominent and ubiquitous feature in the spectra of broad-line Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) by producing a pseudo-continuum from UV to optical with complex and strong blends of the numerous emission lines themselves, other emission lines, and continuum. Since theoretical modeling of such intricate Fe II emission is very difficult and still far from able to reproduce observed data in detail, an empirical iron emission template, derived from observations of a narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy, is an essential and practical tool to obtain accurate measurements of all the emission lines and continuum in AGN spectra. However, the existing iron templates, based on the single prototypical strong Fe II emitter I Zw 1, are suffering from inadequate S/N and non-simultaneous, inconsistent data with limited wavelength coverage, which consequently limit the accuracy of all the spectral measurements. To overcome the limitations and construct an improved iron template with wide spectral coverage, high-quality UV and optical spectra for the new and better identified template galaxy, Mrk 493, were successfully obtained from our HST STIS program (GO-14744). We will show the preliminary results for multicomponent spectral decomposition of the data and template construction with application tests to various AGN spectra and comparison with previous templates.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.1-9
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to make a mid- and long-term development plan on the business incubator center after interviewing five startups that currently being occupied in or already left the center and reviewing benchmark on business incubator centers in developed countries such as USA, Sweden, and Israel. For the interview, the three startups currently being occupied in the center and the two companies already left the center were participated. The main strengths of the center from all of these five companies were easy accessibility to the equipment and space and at the same time trustworthy from the outside vendors and/or government, etc. USA is a leading country who has long history for the startups but mostly the private companies/organizations/individuals have supported the startups in terms of funding or consulting. Also, there are countless local governments nationwide who provide funding, education, and/or space for the small businesses. Mainly based on the interview and the benchmarking, the mid- and long-term development plan for the business incubator center was made. All six themes such as consortium for investment or a local network plan were derived for the development plan which was described in this study.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.882-897
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• 1998

This experiment was conducted to predict the effects of motional characteristics on the fertility of Korean native cattle(KNC) by using CASA technology and in vitro fertilization system. Twenty-six KNC frozen semen straws were obtained from Korean KNC improvement department, livestock improvement main division, national livestock cooperatives federation in Korea. Specimens were allowed to thaw at $37^{\circ}C$ for 30 sec in water bath. Semen analysis was performed on semen image analysis system(SIAS, Medical supply, Korea) adjusted to the gate settings and used the semen droplet ($5{\mu}l$) placed on Makler counting chamber(Sefi medical instrument, Israel) prewarmed at $37^{\circ}C$. The same person used the same micropipette to fill the Makler counting chamber. A total of 150 or more of sperms were analysed in each specimen by a single trained person by scanning at least 5 to 10 fields. The oocytes collection, in vitro maturation, IVF, in vitro culture and determination of the cleavage rate were performed by the technique, as described by Hwang et al (1997). Statistical analysis was done by linear regression with use of the Sigma plot program on a IBM personal computer. The cleavage rate in vitro fertilized oocyte was significantly correlated(P<0.05) with MOT, VCL, VSL, VAP, ALH, BCF and MAD, but not CON, LIN, STR, WOB, DNM, DNC and HYP in regressional analysis. The results show that some kinematic characteristics of frozen-thawed semen by CASA can be predict the fertility in in vitro model system.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.407-413
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• 2017

Vascular reactivity can be influenced by the vascular region, animal age, and pathologies present. Prostaglandins (produced by COX-1 and COX-2) play an important role in the contractile response to phenylephrine in the abdominal aorta of young rats. Although these COXs are found in many tissues, their distribution and role in vascular reactivity are not clear. At a vascular level, they take part in the homeostasis functions involved in many physiological and pathologic processes (e.g., arterial pressure and inflammatory processes). The aim of this study was to analyze changes in the contractile response to phenylephrine of thoracic/abdominal aorta and the coronary artery during aging in rats. Three groups of rats were formed and sacrificed at three distinct ages: prepubescent, young and old adult. The results suggest that there is a higher participation of prostanoids in the contractile effect of phenylephrine in pre-pubescent rats, and a lower participation of the same in old rats. Contrarily, there seems to be a higher participation of prostanoids in the contractile response of the coronary artery of older than pre-pubescent rats. Considering that the changes in the expression of COX-2 were similar for the three age groups and the two tissues tested, and that expression of COX-1 is apparently greater in older rats, COX-1 and COX-2 may lose functionality in relation to their corresponding receptors during aging in rats.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 2017.04a
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• pp.96-96
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• 2017

농산물 수확 이후 저장 유통 과정에서 일어나는 생리적 현상 변화에 따른 내부품질의 측정 분석연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 이 연구에서는 비파괴 측정 방법들 중 하나인 자기공명영상(Magnetic Resonance Imaging, MRI) 기술을 활용하여 후숙 과일인 키위의 저장 일수에 따른 형태 및 내부 구조의 변화를 조사하였다. 공시재료는 국내에서 판매되고 있는 키위들 중 3품종(뉴질랜드산 Sun Gold, 뉴질랜드산 Green, 칠레산 Jin Green)별로 균일한 크기의 과일 5개씩을 이용하였으며, 시료를 실험실내($16.6^{\circ}C$, 38% RH)에서 18~19 일간 보관하면서 3~5일 간격으로 5회 시험하였다. 전북대 농업과학기술연구소가 보유하고 있는 MRI(M10, Aspect Imaging, Israel)를 활용하여 영상 이미지를 얻었으며, 저장 기간에 따른 무게 감소는 전자저울(한성, HK-series)을 이용하였다. 자기공명영상 이미지는 Gradient-Eco 펄스열을 사용하였고, 횡단면(Axial)의 영상면(Image-direction)을 중심으로 영상영역(Field of View, FOV)은 $80mm{\times}80mm$로 1회 촬영 할 때 마다 30개의 영상들을 얻었다. 저장 기간이 길어질수록 내부 공동현상이 커지는 것으로 나타났고, 뉴질랜드산 Sun Gold 품종은 다른 두 품종보다 내부 공동이 빠르게 나타났다. 실험이 끝나는 날에는 껍질이 연화되어 타원형의 형체를 계속 유지하지 못하고 붕괴되는 이미지를 MRI를 통해서 관찰 할 수 있었다. 시간이 지남에 따라 영상들의 위치가 일정하지 않고 일부 회전을 한 것처럼 나타났다. 이는 키위 전용 홀더를 만들어 고정하지 않고 측정하다보니 생긴 오차로 생각 되었다. 키위를 건조한 공간에 오래 보관하였기 때문에 시간이 지남에 따라 수분증발과 연화된 껍질 사이로 과육이 흘러 일부를 제외한 대부분의 키위 무게가 일정하게 감소하는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.378-384
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• 2011

Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), a member of genus Begomovirus, was isolated in Korea in 2008. We sequenced and analyzed the DNA-A of 51 TYLCV isolates from Korea, and 13 of the TYLCV isolates were selected as type representatives of TYLCV from six Korean provinces. The 13 TYLCV isolates were classified into Korea Group 1 (KG1, nine isolates) and Korea Group 2 (KG2, four isolates) based on the results of phylogenetic analysis and genome size (2774 and 2781 nucleotides, respectively). A recombination detection program 3 (RDP3) revealed two recombinations between the TYLCV Korea isolates and other TYLCV isolates [Thailand (AF206674), Iran (AJ132711), and Israel (X76319)]. TYLCV Jeju isolate was characterized by two recombination events (E1 and E2) caused by the presence of E1 in ORF V1 and C3, which may seem to be the mutations of the high nucleotide transversion and transition rate. Collectively, our results suggest that the occurrence of nucleotide transversions and transitions in TYLCV DNA-A might have induced novel recombination events within the TYLCV Korea isolates.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.109-122
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• 2018

The composite lognormal-generalized Pareto distribution (LN-GPD) is a mixture of right-truncated lognormal and GPD for a given threshold value. Scollnik (Scandinavian Actuarial Journal, 2007, 20-33, 2007) shows that the composite LN-GPD is adequate to describe body distribution and heavy-tailedness. This paper considers time-varying modeling of the LN-GPD based on local polynomial maximum likelihood estimation. Time-varying model provides significant detailed information of time dependent data, hence it can be applied to disciplines such as service engineering for staffing and resources management. Our work also extends to Beirlant and Goegebeur (Journal of Multivariate Analysis, 89, 97-118, 2004) in the sense of losing no data by including truncated lognormal distribution. Our proposed method is shown to perform adequately in simulation. Real data application to the service time of the Israel bank call center shows interesting findings on the staffing policy.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.342-350
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to improve and hand down traditional dining habits. Questionnaires were distributed to rural house wives in Kangwon-do. The results were as follows; 1. 30.8％ of the respondents was 40 to 49 years old. 35.2％ of their education was primary school. 49.5％ of them had husbands and children. 44.2％ of them had 3 to 4 family members. 26.9％ of them earned 8 to 11 millon won yearly. 2. Their housing environment showed that 52.5％ of housing was a Korean traditional house or Hanok. 72.1％ of kitchen was a stand-up one. 66％ of fuel was oil. 3. 99.3％ of the respondents had refrigerators. 66.3％ electronic range, 95.9％ electronic rice cooker, 97.2％ gas range, 59.6％ mixer, 62％ electronic fry pan respectively. 4. 73.5％ of the respondents got information about Korean traditional food from seniors or friends. 36.6％ of them learned new recipe from TV, newspapers and magazines. 43.3％ of them thought their concern about meals was average. 48.4％ of them paid much attention to prepare meals for themselves. 52.7％ of them spent a half to one hour for preparing dinner. 48.3% of them ate processed foodstaffs often. 31.5％ of them dined out once every two or three months. 5. 79.5％ of them had rice for breakfast, 74.5％ for lunch, and 98.4％ for dinner respectively. 96.2％ of the respondents made Kimchi and 55％ among them had two kinds of Kimchi. 91.1％ of them had two to three kinds of dishes except Kimchi for breakfast. 68％ of them used a synthetic flavoring. 6. 16.2％ of the respondents ate beef once a week, 40％ pork, 23％ chicken, 3％ dog meat respectively. 37％ of them ate mackerel pike, 25.5％ mackerel once a week, 11.6％ hairtail, 25.5％ mackerel pike, 25.6％ yeemunshu, 13.7％ tuna respectively. Freshwater fishes such as mudfish, trout and Israel carp were their favorite onces.