• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제59권6호
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• pp.14.1-14.9
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• 2017

Background: Garlic and its constituents are reported to have been effective in reducing methane emission and also influence glucose metabolism in body; however, studies in ruminants using garlic leaves are scarce. Garlic leaves contain similar compounds as garlic bulbs, but are discarded in field after garlic bulb harvest. We speculate that feeding garlic leaves might show similar effect as garlic constituents in sheep and could be potential animal feed supplement. Thus, we examined the effect of freeze dried garlic leaves (FDGL) on rumen fermentation, methane emission, plasma glucose kinetics and nitrogen utilization in sheep. Methods: Six sheep were fed Control diet (mixed hay and concentrate (60:40)) or FDGL diet (Control diet supplemented with FDGL at 2.5 g/kg $BW^{0.75}$ of sheep) using a crossover design. Methane gas emission was measured using open-circuit respiratory chamber. Plasma glucose turnover rate was measured using isotope dilution technique of [$U-^{13}C$]glucose. Rumen fluid, feces and urine were collected to measure rumen fermentation characteristics and nitrogen utilization. Result: No significant difference in rumen fermentation parameters was noticed except for rumen ammonia tended to be higher (0.05 < P < 0.1) in FDGL diet. Methane emission per kg dry matter ingested and methane emission per kg dry matter digested were lower (P < 0.05) in FDGL diet. Plasma glucose concentration was similar between diets and plasma glucose turnover rate tended to be higher in FDGL diet (0.05 < P < 0.1). Nitrogen retention was higher (P < 0.05) and microbial nitrogen supply tended to be higher (0.05 < P < 0.1) in FDGL diet. Conclusion: FDGL diet did not impair rumen fermentation, improved nitrogen retention; while absence of significant results in reduction of methane emission, glucose turnover rate and microbial nitrogen supply, further studies at higher dose would be necessary to conclude the merit of FDGL as supplement in ruminant feedstuff.

• 한국근적외분광분석학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국근적외분광분석학회 2001년도 NIR-2001
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• pp.4101-4101
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• 2001

Information of body composition (fat and protein) in living animal is important to determine the nutrients requirement. Deuterium oxide (D2O) dilution techniques, as one of isotope dilution techniques have been useful for the prediction of body composition. However, the determination of D2O concentration is time consuming and complicated. Therefore this study was conducted to develop a new method to predict D2O concentration in plasma using near infrared spectroscopy technique (NIRS). Four dairy cows in early lactation were used. They were fed total mixed ration containing conr silage, timothy hay, and concentrates to make 17.0%CP and 14.0 MJDE/kgDM. Dosing D2O was at week 1,3 and 5 after parturition. After dosing D2O, the blood was collected from hour 0 to 72. Blood samples were then centrifuge at 3,000 rpm for 10 minutes to obtain plasma. D2O concentration was analyzed by gas chromatograph (deuterium oxide analyzable system, HK102, Shokotsusyou) after extracted from plasma by liophilization. Plasma sample was scanned by NIRS using Pacific Scientific (Neotec) model 6500 (Perstorp Analytical, Silver Spring, MD) in the range of wavelength from 1100 to 2500 nm. Calibration equation was developed using multiple linear regression. Sample from one animal (cow #550; n: 74) was used for developing the calibration while the rest three animals were used for validating the equation. The range, R and SEC of the calibration set samples were 135-925 ppm, 0.93 and 48.1 ppm, respectively. Validation of the calibration equation for three individual cows was done and the average of NIR predicted value of D2O at each collection time from three weeks injection showed a high correlation. The range, r and 53 of plasma from cow #474 were 322-840 ppm,0.93 and 53.1; cow #478 were 146-951 ppm,0.95 and 39.8; cow #942 were 313-885 ppm,0.95 and 37.2, respectively. Judgement of accuracy based on ratio of standard deviation and standard error in validation set samples (RPD) for cow #474, #478 and #942 were 2.2,4.3 and 3.4, respectively. The error in application due to the variation between individual was considered smaller than the bias from collection period, however, this prediction can be overcome with correction of standard zero-minute concentration of blood. The results of this preliminary study on the use of NIRS for determination of D2O in plasma showed very promising as shown by a convenient and satisfy accuracy. Further study on various physiological stage of animal should be done.

• 분석과학
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.196-203
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• 2015

셀레늄 강화 사료를 먹인 모돈에 대하여 혈청에서의 셀레늄 화학종들 즉, 무기셀레늄, 셀레노아미노산 및 셀레노단백질들을 음이온 교환과 친화 크로마토 그라피를 ICP/MS에 연결사용하여 분석하였다. 무기 셀레늄(Se⁴⁺와 Se⁶⁺)과 셀레노 아미노산들은 PRP X-100 음이온 교환 컬럼을 사용하였고 셀레노 단백질들의 경우에는 HEP 컬럼을 사용하여 SelP을 GPx+SeAlb로 부터 분리하였다. 정량분석은 후 컬럼 동위원소 희석법을 사용하여 이 들의 농도를 결정하였다. 모돈 실험군을 3 그룹으로 나누고 셀레늄이 강화된 사료(유기셀레늄 0.3 mg/kg, 0.6 mg/kg 및 무기셀레늄 0.6 mg/kg)를 4주 동안 먹였을 때 셀레늄 화학종들의 변화 및 사료와의 상관관계를 알아보았다. 셀레노 아미노산의 경우, 실험군들은 무기셀레늄 강화사료를 제외하고 대조군에 비하여 높은 농도를 보여주었다. 유기셀레늄 강화사료에서는 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 셀레노 단백질의 경우는 실험군 모두가 대조군에 비하여 증가를 보여주었는데 특히 SelP가 다른 단백질에 비하여 1.5 배 정도 더 크게 증가한 것으로 나타났다.