• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.86 no.1
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• pp.47-56
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• 2023

Background: There is a global increase in isolation of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). The aim of the study was to analyze longitudinal trends of NTM identification and pattern of antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Methods: NTM recovery rates, distribution of NTM species identification, and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of NTM at Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital between January 2016 and December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: A total of 52,456 specimens from 21,264 patients were submitted for mycobacterial culture, of which 2,521 from 1,410 patients were NTM positive over five years (January 2016 to December 2020). NTM isolation showed an increasing trend from 2016 to 2020 (p<0.001, test for trend) mainly caused by Mycobacterium avium complex. The vast majority of M. avium complex were susceptible to key agents clarithromycin and amikacin. For Mycobacterium kansasii, resistance to rifampin and clarithromycin is rare. Amikacin was the most effective drug against Mycobacterium abscessus subspecies abscessus and Mycobacterium subspecies massiliense. Most of M. subspecies massiliense were susceptible to clarithromycin, while the majority of M. abscessus subspecies abscessus were resistant to clarithromycin (p<0.001). Conclusion: There was an increasing trend of NTM isolation in our hospital. Resistance to key drugs was uncommon for most NTM species except for M. abscessus subspecies abscessus against clarithromycin.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.734-737
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• 1998

The hexane fractions from methanolic extracts of Anetheum graveolens L. (Umbelliferae) and Acorus gramineus Soland. (Araceae) revealed potent inhibitory activities against the resistance of multi-drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus SA2 when combined with ampicillin (Am) or chloramphenicol (Cm). As active principles, carvone and the liquid mixture containing carvone from Anetheum graveolens L. and a liquid mixture mainly consisting of benzoic acid phenyl-methyl ester (benzyl benzoate) from Acorus gramineus Soland. were identified. They showed resistance inhibition at the level of 20-50${\mu}g$/ml when combined with 100 or ${\mu}g$/ml of Am or Cm, respectively.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.50-54
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• 1995

Staphylococcus aureus SA2, which was isolated from patient, is resistant to 10 usual antibiotics. The methanolic extracts of 21 well-known herb materials were combined with 10 antibiotics and applied to cheek inhibitory effects on the resistance of S. aureus SA2. The hexane fractions from methanolic extracts of Acori graminei Rhizoma and Anethi Fructus had most potent activity to inhibit the resistance of the bacteria when combined with ampicilin or chloramphenicol.

• Proceedings of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea Conference
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• 2001.09a
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• pp.356-363
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• 2001

The friction pendulum type seismic isolation system (FPS) using the PTFE based materials has been developed to provide a simple and effective way to achieve earthquake resistance for buildings. PTFE matrials are soft and apt to be deformed easily after a few working cycles. Instead of the usual PTFE materials, the Polyimide material was used in this research. Polyimide is harder than PTFE, but has smaller friction coefficient and longer duration fur usage. In this paper, various kinds of PTFE materials were tested to define the frictional characteristics compared with the Polyimide material. FPS was manufactured with fine surface roughness and used with Polyimide material to show the seismic isolation efficiency, and life duration when applied to a rigid mass model and a 5 stole frame model.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.139.1-139.1
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• 2011

Electric vehicle use independent electricity of high voltage. if isolation of electricity is destructed, devices and people are considerably damaged. Therefore, detection of ground fault is necessary for electric vehicle. As the existing detection method of ground fault can not detect ground fault when isolation of both positive side and negative side of electricity is destructed, and change of voltage of electricity. This paper proposed detection method for ground fault of both two sides of electricity and change of voltage. The proposed method is verified by analysis of equivalent circuit.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.181-189
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• 2015

Shimizu Corporation Tokyo Headquarters, one of the city's leading office buildings, features many pioneering technologies that contribute to a sustainable society through environmental stewardship and a sophisticated disaster management facility. In terms of structural engineering, a seismic isolation system incorporating reinforced concrete core walls and precast concrete perimeter frames create a robust structure in the event of a large earthquake. In addition to the seismic resistance of the structure, several pioneering construction methods and materials are adopted. This office building can serve as a basis for new design and construction approaches and methodologies to ensure safe and economical structures.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.356-358
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• 2011

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.251-255
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• 2019

Wildlife is a bio-indicator of environmental pollution by antimicrobial resistant bacteria or genes, however, there is no information on antimicrobial resistance in wildlife-origin bacteria. This study aimed to investigate the normal microbiota of staphylococci and their antimicrobial resistance in wildlife that did not take any antimicrobials. After sampling and bacterial isolation/identification, antimicrobial resistance profiles were examined by broth microdilution test, Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion test and mecA genetargeted PCR. Of 90 isolates from wildlife, 83 were coagulase-negative staphylococci while only 7 were coagulase-positive staphylococci. Methicillin-resistance was found in 63 (70%) isolates and 35 of 90 (38.9%) isolates were multidrug-resistant staphylococci. When considering that all of the animals did not take any medication or contacted any medical device before the sampling, the results indicate significantly high prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in wild environments. Further study would be necessary to investigate the transmission route of antimicrobial resistance.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.75-81
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• 2008

The rapid evolution of antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus (S.) aureus is of considerable concern. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains are especially one of the greatest public concerns since the treatment of infections is more difficult when encountering resistance. In this study, we conducted a nationwide survey on the antimicrobial resistance of S. aureus isolated from raw meat samples collected from 16 countries, including Korea, and investigated the prevalence of MRSA as a possible source of human infection. Of 1,984 meat samples, S. aureus was isolated from 218 (11.0%) samples consisting of 23 (12.1%) from domestic meat and 195 (10.9%) from imported meat. The isolation rates of poultry meat, pork and beef were 12.8%, 7.0% and 10.0%, respectively. With regard to imported meat, the incidence varied from 4.8% to 16.6% from 13 countries, with the exception of Austria and Poland. In a resistance test to 20 antimicrobial agents, one hundred and eighty-four isolates (84.4%) were resistant to one or more antimicrobial agents tested. Especially, 17 (7.8%), 124 (56.9%) and 28 (12.8%) isolates showed a resistance to 3, 2 and 1 drugs, respectively. One isolate originating from domestic beef was resistant to 7 drugs. Another isolate originating from imported poultry meat showed resistance to oxacillin and methicillin by the disk diffusion test and minimal inhibition concentration methods, but showed negative for detection of the mecA gene.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.501-506
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• 2004

Extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) generated Enterobacteriaceae including Escherichia coli is responsible for resisting antibiotics, which is clinical problem. This study was performed to investigate the isolation rates of 111 strains having positive of VITEK ESBL test 111 ESBL-strains in each month and season and statistically to determine their patterns of antibiotic test. One hundred eleven ESBL-strains were collected among 1,688 strains of E. coli isolated from various clinical specimen of one general hospital in Busan during 2002 to 2003. Month rates of ESBL-strains were 0％ to 13.3％, while the seasonal rates were highest at autumns during two years. The resistance to ampicillin, cefazolin, azteronam, ceftriaxone, and cefepime were 100％ in 2002. In ampicillin and cefazolin the resistances were 100％ during the two years. There were significant differences of cefoxitin and piperacillin/tazobactam between the two years but not significant between specimens. Four groups were divided according to the pattern of resistance and then the highest group had 93∼100％ of the resistance to 8 drugs but not resistant to imipenem.