• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.223-229
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• 2011

The taxonomy of the Isodon excisus complex has been ambiguous and problematic because the morphological characters, especially characters related to the leaf distinguishing subgroups of the complex in the original descriptions, are variable. To elucidate the taxonomic structure of the I. excisus complex in Korea, 34 characters were measured from 70 OTUs representing different locations and analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA). The analysis showed that principle component axis 1, 2, 3 (PC1, PC2, PC3) represents 52.0% of the total variance and characters showing high loading values for PC1 were leaf shape, density of non-glandular hairs on the lower surface of the leaf, and characters related to the teeth of the leaf. The length of apical tooth and the angle between two widest points of the leaf were highly correlated to PC2 and PC3, respectively. Three-dimensional scatter plotting of OTUs for PC1, PC2, and PC3 axis showed that the areas of previously recognized three subgroups of I. excisus completely overlapped. Our result supported that just one taxon, I. excisus var. excisus, should be recognized in the complex at the variety level.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.291-296
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• 1997

The studies were carried out to evaluate the constituents in the aerial part of Isodon excisus var. coreanus (Labiatae). From the aqueous fraction of methanol extract, compound I (${\alpha}$-[[3-(3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propenyl]oxy]-3,4-dihydroxy-benzenepropanoic acid), compound II (9-methyl-dihydroferulic acid-4-O-.betha.-D-glucopyranosyl $(1{\rightarrow}2)$-${\alpha}$-L- rhamnopyranosyl (1.rarw.4)-.betha.-D-glucopyranoside), compound III (ent-7.alpha., 11${\alpha}$,15.betha.-trihydroxy-kaur-16-en-1-O-.betha.-D-glucopyranoside) and compound IV ($2{\alpha}$,3${\beta}$,$7{\alpha}$,23-tetrahydroxy-olean-12 -en-28-oic acid 28-O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside) were isolated and identified on the basis of their physicochemical and spectroscopic evidences[IR, FAB(-)MS,$^{1}H-NMR,$$^{13}C-NMR,$$ HMQC$$^{1}H-^{1}H $COSY and HMBC (Heteronuclear Multiple Bond Connectivity)]. Especially, New compounds II and III were named Isodonin A and Isodonin B respectively.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.243-245
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• 2000

The diethyl ether extract of isodon excisus var. coreanus exhibited significant inhibitory activity in aromatase assay. Bioactivity-guided fractionation of the extract led to the isolation of three active compounds: inflexin(ent-1${\alpha}$-hydroxy-3${\beta}$,6a-diacetoxykau r-16-en-11,15-dione) (1), ursolic acid (2), and ursolic acid 3-O-acetate (3).

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.282-287
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• 2014

The ORI2 (3-[3,4-dihydroxyphenyl]acrylic acid 1-[3,4-dihydroxyphenyl]-2-methoxycarbonylethyl ester) was purified from the extract of Isodon excisus. We confirmed the antiviral effect of ORI2 in a coxsackievirus-induced pancreatitis model. Coxsackievirus B4 (CVB4) is a common cause of pancreatitis and may be reason of the type-1 diabetes. Anti-enteroviral compounds were screened by HeLa cell survival assay. Purified natural compounds were added to HeLa cells cultured 96-well plates after $10^4PFU/ml$ CVB4 pre-incubation for 30 min. ORI2 significantly improved HeLa cell survival in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, ORI2 (1 mM) treatment was dramatically decreased virus protease 2A induced eIF4G-I cleavage and viral VP1 capsid protein production. HeLa cell virus titers and viral RNA replication were significantly decreased in ORI2-treatment in a dose dependent manner (1 mM~0.001 mM). These results demonstrate that ORI2 has a strong antiviral effect. It was significantly decreased virus replication. ORI2 may be developed as a potential therapeutic agent for CVB4.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.92-100
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• 2009

This study was carried out to investigate vegetation structure and soil properties of Angelica gigas population distributed in Jeombongsan, Bangtaesan, Odaesan, Gyebangsan and Jirisan. From August 2007 until September 2008, 5m${\times}$5m quadrat was established in native area of Angelica gigas in order to record a dominants and coverage, and soil factors at 20 sites. It was found that the altitude in the distributed areas for Angelica gigas population was 710m or more. Angelica gigas population was classified into Parasencio auriculata var. kamtschatical dominant population, Pseudostellaria palibiniana dominant population, Isodon excisus dominant population and typical dominant population. In the site of study, soil pH, electrical conductivity, soil organic matter, available phosphorous, and exchangeable potassium, exchangeable calcium, exchangeable magnesium, exchangeable natrium concentration and total nitrogen were ranged from 5.1~6.2, 0.1~0.79dS/m, 2.21~22.11%, 9.56~37.97mg/kg, 1.85~23.88cmol+/kg, 0.21~1.18cmol+/kg, 1.07~5.09cmol+/kg, 0.04~0.14cmol+/kg and 0.09~1.04% respectively. The Parasencio auriculata var. kamtschatical dominant population was found in area of high altitude and had high slope degree. But Pseudostellaria palibiniana dominant population was found in area of low altitude and low slope degree. Isodon excisus dominant population was found to have higher soil pH and exchangeable potassium concentration than the other dominant population.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.69-81
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• 2000

The vegetation structure of Abies holophylla forest was analyzed to provide the information for conservation of Abies holophylla forest at Wol-jong Temple in Mt. Odae national park, southern Korea. The layer structure of Abies holophylla forest was consists of tree layer(2 species), subtree layer(20 species), shrub layer(46 species) and herb layer(87 species), The importance value of Abies holophylla was the highest one 34.09%, and those of Acer pseudo-sieboldianum. Acer barbinerve, Philadelphus schrenckii. Isodon excisus, Acer triflorum, Staphylea bumalda, Carex humilis, Isodon japonicus, Acer mono and Actinidia polygama were 23.07%, 14.44%, 10.72%, 8.49%, 7.80%, 7.65%, 6.79%, 5.76%, 5.47% and 5.41%, respectively, Especially, when predicting succession in Abies holophylla forest, such seedlings were not formed and succession was governed by competition of Acer species, Quercus species and Tilia species of subtree and shrub layer.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.185-201
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• 1994

The Quercus mongolica forest vegetation of Mt. Myongji was classified into two communities including four subunit communities and one typical subunit community by the Z-M method as follows: Acer pseudo-sieboldianum-Quercus mongolica community group Quercus mongolica - Isodon excisus community Quercus mongolica - Styrax obassia community Quercus mongolica - Lespedeza bicolor subunit coummunity Quercus mongolica - Aconitum longecassidatum subunit community Quercus mongolica - Rhododendrom schlippenbachii subunit community Quercus mongolica - Cornus controversa subunit community Quercus mongolica - Styrax obassia typical subunit community Acer pseudo-sieboldianum - Quercus mongolica community group was distributed over the upper region of the altitude 400m, and the differential species in the community were Carex siderosticata, Sephanandra incisa, Tripterygium regelii, and Fraxinus rhynchophylla. The vegetation patterns for the slope and azimuth showed that the highest importance value for Quercus mongolica forest was observed on the broad subxeric area, and for Carpinus cordata and Acer pseudo-sieboldianum on the wet site, for Acer mono, Styrax obassia, Fraxinus rhynchophylla and Symplocos chinensis for. pilosa on the xeric site. The best habitat condition for Quercus mongolica was found at a subxeric site at the altitude of 700-900m on southern slope and that for Acer pseudo-sieboldianum at the 700-1100m on northern slope.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.87 no.3
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• pp.459-465
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• 1998

To obtain the basic data for the conservation and cultivation of native herb species under the forest, the relations between distribution of native herb species and site factors, distribution of native herb species, and site factors were surveyed on natural forest at subalpine zone in Mt. Odae. Ainsliaea acerifolia, Pseudostellaria palibiniana and Pimpinedla brachycarpa were distributed mainly on broadleaved mixed forest, Clematis fusca var. coreana, Carex siderosticta. Isodon excisus and Vicia unijuga did mainly on gab sites. The distribution of Ligularia fisheri, Aconitum pseudo-laeve var. erectum, Cacalia hastata and Artemisia stolonifera were significantly differed between slope directions. Artemisia stolonifera was distributed more frequently in south directed slope, and Ligularia fisheri, Aconitum pseudo-laeve var. erectum and Cacalia hastata were distributed more frequently in north and west directed slope than the other. The distribution of Aconitum pseudo-laeve var. erectum and Artemisia stolonifera were significantly differed between soil moisture conditions. Artemisia stolonifera was distributed mainly on the dry site, but Aconitum pseudo-laeve var. erectum did mainly on the dry site. Negative correlations between density of Clematis fusca var. coreana, Carex siderosticta. Isodon excises and Vicia unijuga and crown coverage was proved. Aconitum pseudo-laeve var. erectum, Pimpinella brachycarpa, Meehania urticifolia, Smilacina japonica and Pseudostellaria palibiniana were mainly distributed on wet and shady sites under forest canopy, but Pedicularis resupinata, Clematis fusca var. coreana and Artemisia stolonifera did on sunny sites at forest edge or gab.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.103 no.2
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• pp.165-174
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• 2014

This study was conducted to investigate composition of understory vegetation and indicator species by altitude and slope azimuth in Mt. Gyebang designated as Protected Area for Forest Genetic Resource Conservation and National Park. Tracheophytes were 350 taxa; 80 families, 203 genera, 303 species, 38 varieties, 5 forma and 4 sub-species in research area. The species of greatest importance value were Tripterygium regelii (9.143%), Acer pseudosieboldianum (7.594%), Symplocos chinensis for. pilosa (6.347%) in the shrub layer and were Sasa borealis (8.653%), Isodon excisus (2.936%) and Carex siderosticta (2.897%). In the herb layer as a result of NMS analysis, the distribution range of the major species were found to be affected by the altitude (shrub layer: $R^2$ > 0.3, herb layer: $R^2$ > 0.6). The result of plexus diagram analysis showed that Acer pseudosieboldianum was associated with Magnolia sieboldii, Acer barbinerve, Euonymus oxyphyllus etc. in the shrub layer; Meehania urticifolia was associated with Aconitum jaluense, Veratrum oxysepalum, Prunus padus etc. in the herb layer. The significant indicator species were analyzed for 60 species by the altitude and investigated for 30 species in accordance with the slope azimuth. As a consequence of MRPP, interspecies composition along the altitude group was heterogeneous and the species composition according to the azimuth slope was extremely different between the NE and SW.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.200-207
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• 2006

The objective of this study was to investigate the site and growth characteristics of Acer pictum var. mono growing in the deciduous stands at Mt. Joongwang area located in Pyungchanggun, Kangwon-do. A. pictum var. mono was mainly distributed at the rather steep slope and aspect facing from northeast to northwest, and altitudes ranging from 1,000 to 1,200m. It grew at relatively deep a soil layer with high moisture and nutrients. Major competing species in the upper stories were Betula costata, Acer mandshuricum, Quercus mongolica, Cornus controversa, and herb plants such as Meehania urtidfolia, Isodon excisus, Astilbe chinensis var. davidii, Dryopteris crassirhizoma and Ainsliaea acerifolia in the floor. The height growth was 0.25m in early time, decreased gradually and sustained growth of lower than 10cm. The diameter growth of A. pictum was under 1mm in early time, but increased to 0.3mm/yr and showed continuous growth of 2mm/yr recently. Annual volume growth showed rapid increased about age 120 and then showed stable growth, so the rotation period of A. pictum is expected more than 200 years without decay of heartwood.