• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.261-275
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• 2014

Although a few recent taxonomic studies focusing on infraspecific taxa in each species of Isodon have been reported, a detailed taxonomic revision of the Korean Isodon taxa has yet to be performed. We investigated the morphological characters of Korean Isodon based on approximately 600 herbarium sheets from major herbaria in Korea and Japan. We identified characters which distinguish seven Korean Isodon taxa and created a key to Korean Isodon based on the results from this study and on recent studies of the Korean Isodon taxa. The following unique characters for several taxa were recognized: 1) dense non-glandular hairs in stems for I. inflexus var. canescens (over 70 ea/mm on one side of the stem), 2) dense glandular hairs on the abaxial surface of the leaf for I. serra (over $40ea/mm^2$), 3) protruding pistils and stamens from the corolla with the length of the protruding part longer than that of the lower lobe of corolla for I. japonicus, and 4) the presence of non-glandular hairs on the entire surface of the fruit of I. inflexus var. microphyllus. Based on this study, we recognized that there are four species, two varieties, and one forma of Isodon taxa in Korea.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.617-618
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• 2002

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.38-41
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• 1998

From the dried leaves of Isodon eriocalyx (Labiatae) six flavonoids were isolated and two of them were elucidated to be novel ones named 5,7,8,4'-tetrahydroxy-6-methoxyflavone (1), and $isothymusin-8-O-{\beta}-D-glucoside$ (2).

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.223-229
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• 2011

The taxonomy of the Isodon excisus complex has been ambiguous and problematic because the morphological characters, especially characters related to the leaf distinguishing subgroups of the complex in the original descriptions, are variable. To elucidate the taxonomic structure of the I. excisus complex in Korea, 34 characters were measured from 70 OTUs representing different locations and analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA). The analysis showed that principle component axis 1, 2, 3 (PC1, PC2, PC3) represents 52.0% of the total variance and characters showing high loading values for PC1 were leaf shape, density of non-glandular hairs on the lower surface of the leaf, and characters related to the teeth of the leaf. The length of apical tooth and the angle between two widest points of the leaf were highly correlated to PC2 and PC3, respectively. Three-dimensional scatter plotting of OTUs for PC1, PC2, and PC3 axis showed that the areas of previously recognized three subgroups of I. excisus completely overlapped. Our result supported that just one taxon, I. excisus var. excisus, should be recognized in the complex at the variety level.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.34 no.2 s.133
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• pp.132-137
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• 2003

The effect of aqueous extract of Isodon japonicus Hara (Labiatae) (IJAE) on mast cell-mediated immediate-type allergic reactions was investigated. IJAE inhibited compound 48/80-induced systemic anaphylaxis and immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated local anaphylaxis. When IJAE was pretreated at the same concentration with systemic anaphylaxis, serum histamine levels were reduced in a dose-dependent manner. IJAE dose-dependently inhibited histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMC) activated by compound 48/80. The level of cAMP in human mast cell line (HMC-1) cells, when IJAE was added, significantly was increased, compared with that of normal control. These results indicate that IJAE will beneficial in the treatment of immediate-type allergic reaction.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.143-147
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• 1998

Examination of the chemical constituents of the dried leaves of Isodon eriocalyx (Dunn.) Hara led to the isolation of four new diterpenoids, named maoecrystal Q-T (1-4). Their structures were elucidated as $16(R)-methoxymethyl-6{\beta},\;7{\beta}-dihydroxy-7{\alpha},20-epoxy-ent-kaur-2,3-ethenylene-1$, 15-dione(1), $1{\beta},18-diacetoxy-6{\beta},7{\beta}-dihydroxy-7{\alpha},20-epoxy-ent-kaur-16-en-15-one\;(2),\;6{\beta},\;7{\beta}-dihydroxy-15{\beta}-acetoxy-7{\alpha},20-epoxy-ent-kaur-16-en-1-one$ (3) and $7{\beta}-hydroxy-6{\beta},15{\beta}-diacetoxy-1{\alpha},11{\beta}-acetonide-7{\alpha},20-epoxy-ent-kaur-16-ene$ (4), respectively, on the basis of spectroscopic methods. Meanwhile, five known diterpeonids eriocalyxin B (5), maoecrystal B-D (6-8) and trichokaurin (9) were also obtained.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.291-296
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• 1997

The studies were carried out to evaluate the constituents in the aerial part of Isodon excisus var. coreanus (Labiatae). From the aqueous fraction of methanol extract, compound I (${\alpha}$-[[3-(3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl)-1-oxo-2-propenyl]oxy]-3,4-dihydroxy-benzenepropanoic acid), compound II (9-methyl-dihydroferulic acid-4-O-.betha.-D-glucopyranosyl $(1{\rightarrow}2)$-${\alpha}$-L- rhamnopyranosyl (1.rarw.4)-.betha.-D-glucopyranoside), compound III (ent-7.alpha., 11${\alpha}$,15.betha.-trihydroxy-kaur-16-en-1-O-.betha.-D-glucopyranoside) and compound IV ($2{\alpha}$,3${\beta}$,$7{\alpha}$,23-tetrahydroxy-olean-12 -en-28-oic acid 28-O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside) were isolated and identified on the basis of their physicochemical and spectroscopic evidences[IR, FAB(-)MS,$^{1}H-NMR,$$^{13}C-NMR,$$ HMQC$$^{1}H-^{1}H $COSY and HMBC (Heteronuclear Multiple Bond Connectivity)]. Especially, New compounds II and III were named Isodonin A and Isodonin B respectively.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.137-142
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• 1996

To develop antioxidant substances in plant, phenolic compounds in Bangah (Igodon japonicus, Hara) and antioxidative effects of cell extracts were investigated. Defatted samples of Bangah were extracted with acetone/methanol and the extracts were fractionated Into the free and bound types of phenolics. The equal amounts of fractions were dissolved In soybean oil and autoxidized at 45$^{\circ}C$ for 25 days. Peroxide value and TBA values were determined every 5 days during oxidation. Changes of peroxide and TBA values showed antioxidant effects, which were lower than control during the oxidation periods. The effects of cell extracts were evaluated as high as BHT, 0.02 ppm. The antioxidative effect of insoluble-bound phenolic extract was higher than that of free. The contents of phenolic compounds in insoluble-bound fraction were also higher than free fraction.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.243-245
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• 2000

The diethyl ether extract of isodon excisus var. coreanus exhibited significant inhibitory activity in aromatase assay. Bioactivity-guided fractionation of the extract led to the isolation of three active compounds: inflexin(ent-1${\alpha}$-hydroxy-3${\beta}$,6a-diacetoxykau r-16-en-11,15-dione) (1), ursolic acid (2), and ursolic acid 3-O-acetate (3).

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.229.3-230
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• 2000