• 한국진공학회지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.333-340
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• 1996

Cu 확산방지막으로서의 Tin의 특성을 면저항 특정, X선 회절 분석, SEM, AES, capacitance-voltage(C-V) 측정에 의하여 평가하고, Cu의 확산을 민감하게 알아내는 정도를 특성 평가 방법간에 비교하였다. 여러 가지 증착방법에 의하여 Cu/TiN/Ti/SiO2/Si 구조의 다층 박막시편을 제작하였으며, 이 시편을 10% H2/90% Ar분위기, 열처리 온도 500~$800{\circ}C$ 범위에서 2시간 동안 열처리하였다. TiN의 Cu 확산방지 효과가 소멸된 경우 Cu 박막 표면에서 불규칙한 모양의 spot을 관찰할 수 있었으며 outdiffusion된 Si를 검출할 수 있었다. MOS capacitor의 C-V 특성은 열처리 온도에 따라 급격하게 변화하였다. C-V 측정에서 inversion capacitance는 열처리 온도 500~$700^{\circ}C$범위에서 열처리 온도가 높아질수록 감소하다가 $800^{\circ}C$에서 크게 증가하였으며, 이러한 특성의 변화는 TiN을 통해서 $SiO_2$와 Si내로 확산된 Cu에 의하여 발생되는 것으로 생각된다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.177-179
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• 2000

A soft rot of fruits caused by Rhizopus nigricans occurred on peach (Prunus persica var. vulgaris) in The Chinju City Agricultural Products Wholesale Marke during in summer season of 2000. The disease infection usually started from wounding after harvest fruits, and then moved to outside. At first, the lesions started with water soaked and rapidly softened and diseased area gradually expanded. In severely infected film house, the rate of infected fruits reached 65.2%. Numerous sporangiospores were produced on the diseased fruits. Most of the sporangiospores were appeared to be readily dispersed in the air. The mycelia grew surface of fruits and produced stolons. Colonies on potato dextrose agar at $25{\sim}30^{\circ}C$ white cottony at first becoming heavily speckled by the presence of sporangia and the browinish black at maturity, spreading rapidly by means of stolons fired at various points to the substrate by rhizoids. Sporangia were $85.3{\sim}243.5{\times}53.4{\sim}219.2\;{\mu}m$ in size and were globose or sub-globose with. somewhat flattened base. The color of sporangia was white at first and then turned black with many spores, and never over-hanging. Sporangiophores were $8.9{\sim}36.6\;{\mu}m$ in width, smooth-walled, non-septate, light brown, simple, long, arising in groups of $3{\sim}5$ from stolons opposite rhizoids. Sporangiospores was $9.7{\sim}24.8{\times}5.9{\sim}15.8\;{\mu}m$, irregular, round, oval, elongate, angular, and browinish-black streaked. Columella was $70.2{\times}149.7{\mu}m$. brownish gray, and umberella-shaped when dehisced. The causal organism was identified as. Rhizopus nigricans Lind on the basis of the morphiogical characteristics of the fungus. Rhizopus soft rot on peach (Prunus persica) caused by the fungi has not been reported in Korea. This is the first report of rhizopus soft rot on peach caused by Rhizopus nigricans in Korea.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.142-155
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• 2018

${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$광산은 광체주변에 미고결된 층서가 불규칙하게 발달되어 있다. 본 연구는 효율적인 루프볼트(roof bolt) 시공을 위하여 불규칙한 층서의 두께를 체계적으로 배열하고 이에 대응하는 지보시스템을 제시한 것이다. 층서별 두께를 조합한 81개의 경우의 수를 강건설계에 의하여 9개의 사례로 한정하여 지보설계를 하였다. 각 사례에 대하여 천반하중으로 작용할 수 있는 하중고를 층서의 특성과 RMR에 의하여 결정하였다. 하중고에 의한 하중범위를 블록형상과 아치형상으로 가정하여 계산하였다. 두 방법의 평균하중으로 루프볼트의 지보력을 감안한 지보설계를 하였다. 지보설계에 대한 수치해석 결과 케이블 볼트는 선단정착 방식보다 전면접착 방식이 천반유지에 더 효과적인 것으로 분석되었다. 시공결과 천반의 컨트롤은 가능하였으나 갱도측벽의 변형으로 천반 전체가 하부로 조금씩 침강하는 현상을 보였다.

• 복식
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.181-192
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• 2001

Men study the nature in two ways. Scientists and mathematicians inquire a branch of those two ways. Mathematical formulations are the tools and the expressions of their nature. Meanwhile, the other branch, the art, alms for different inquiry. Instead of formulating the nature, the artists create their masterpieces from their ultimate source, the Mother Nature. For thousands of years these two branches have grown together, influencing each others work. Some mathematicians find that formulation, are not enough to fully express the beauty of nature. It is believed that such a simple expression, formula, easily omits the careful details of nature. The nature is simply too chaotic to be shaped with a formula. Of those mathematicians, Mandelbrot, one of the first to realize this matter, introduced the world of fractal geometry. Fractals give new possibilities. It allows us not to limit ourselves to linear prospect, rather a whole new view of this chaotic beauty of the nature. A popular practice to understand fractals is in costume design. The artistic characteristic and organization mechanism is appalled to costumes. Meanwhile, another practice, rather aggressive, is using computer to create an image of fractals. This image is then used for motives to generate artistic expressions. Computer and paper ironing technique is used for fashion illustration in this research. The works were synthesized arid transformed from computer programs. To add more traditional painting touch to this work, Paper ironing technique was used. Since the of effect of this technique is so random, irregular, and unordered, it corresponds to fractal consideration. This thesis asserts an another prospect to fractal as a structural way of describing nature ailed fashion illustration, rather than restricting it to only mathematical theory.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.111-122
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• 1985

1. 주사전자현미경 관찰로 체표면은 굴곡에 의한 많은 돌기로서 소위 자갈밭모양의 구조를 이루고 있었다. 피극들과 유두가 체표면에 돌출하고 있었는데 피극은 끝이 하나로 되어있고 충체후방을 향해서 돌출하고 있었다. 그중 구흡반과 복흡반의 융기부에 있는 피극은 작았으며 선단이 몇 갈래로 갈라져 있었고 또 밀집되어 있었다. 2. 유두는 표피가 반구형으로 돌출하고 있었고, 중앙에 하나의 직모를 가지고 있었으며 유두는 단독이거나 또는 여러개가 모여 있는 것 또는 여러개가 뭉쳐서 큰 융기를 이루고 있는 등 그 모양이 다양하였다. 구흡반이나 복흡반상에 있는 유두는 타부위보다 매우 큰 유두가 있었고 여러개가 뭉쳐있는 것이 많았다. 3. 투과전자현미경 관찰로는 표피는 전자밀도가 높은 표피층으로 덮혀있었고 표피층의 유리면과 기저면은 모두 원형질막으로 싸여 있었다. 표피층의 두께는 특히 구흡반과 반흡반 사이가 두터웠다. 표피층내에는 사립체, 소포체, 공포 그리고 구형 및 관상과립이 관찰되었다. 5. 피극은 표피층의 기저면의 원형질막에서 시작하여 외부로 돌출하였는데 전자밀도가 매우 높은 무정형의 구조물로 되어 있었다. 또한 구형질의 주의의 표피층에서는 복경체가 발견되었다. 5. 표피층 아래로 기저면의 원형질막에 련해서 기저막이 있고 그 아래로 소성결합조직이 있고 그 아래로 근육층, 그리고 그 밑에 유연조직이 있으며 그 속에 표피세포가 있었다. 또한 이 표피세포와 표피층은 전형질돌기로 연결되고 있는 것을 볼 수 있었다.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.107-114
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• 2015

Endophytes provide multifarious benefits such as promotion of plant growth and yield, suppression of phyto-pathogens, phosphate solubilising and fixation nitrogen. A study has been carried out to explore growth promotion and antifungal activities of endophytes of mulberry (Morus spp.). Endophytic bacteria were isolated from mulberry plants and studied their cultural, morphological characters, growth promotion as well as their antifungal activity against Rhizoctonia bataticola and Fusarium oxysporum , two mulberry root rot associated pathogens. Except two isolates, all bacteria were colourless and the colony size of eight isolates was small. The margin of five isolates was irregular and the consistency of three isolates was creamy, six isolates was slimy and one was mucoid. Texture of seven isolates was convex and others were flat. Eight isolates were gram positive and the rest Gram negative, five were cocci and others were bacilli (rod shaped). Four isolates were motile and all were catalase positive and only three isolates were oxidase positive. Spore staining was positive only for two isolates. The growth promotion study showed that there was significant difference in root length and seedling length. The antagonistic effect of the bacterial isolates was tested against R. bataticola showed significant (p <0.05) influence of the bacteria, days after inoculation and their interaction on the inhibition of fungal growth. The isolate En-7 completely inhibited the fungus followed by En-5 (66.67%). The bacterial isolates significantly (p <0.05) inhibited growth of F. oxysporum in PDA. The mean inhibition was higher (70.45%) in case of En-7 followed by En-8 (68.65%) and En-10 (66.44%). The study reveals that some endophytic bacteria associated with mulberry have growth promotion and antifungal activity and could be explored for promotion of mulberry growth and managing root rot disease.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.69-74
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• 1996

Malignant rhabdold tumor is a distinct renal tumor in the pediatric age group. It was originally described as a rhabdomyosarcomatold variant of Wilms' tumor. However, subsequent studies fatted to confirm myogenous differentiation, so it is now considered to be a distinct and unique type of highly malignant tumor, histogenetically unrelated. Although extrarenal forms of this tumor are rare, several examples have been described in other sites, especially the liver, prostate, paravertebral area, urinary bladder and soft tissue. We experienced a case of malignant rhabdiod tumor located in the intraabdominal cavity in a 10 month-old boy. Smear of peritoneal fluid showed round, polygonal and irregular shaped cells with large nuclei, ample cytoplasm containing light pink to purple cytoplasmic inclusions, and one or a few prominent nucleoli. Immunocytochemistry revealed positivity to cytokeratin, epithelial membrane antigen and vimentin, and negativity to desmin and neuron-specific enolase. These distinct cytologic appearance and immunophenotypes were most consistent with a diagnosis of extrarenal malignant rhabdoid tumor. The cytoplasmic inclusions were correlated with eosinophilic inclusions seen in histologic section and electron microscopy confirmed this interpretation, showing filamentous aggregations in the cytoplasms of the tumor cells.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.311-316
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• 2008

A 7-year-old female Shih Tzu dog with lots of masses in the whole mammary gland was presented to the surgery department of the Veterinary Teaching Hospital in the Cheju National University. After surgical excision, all mammary samples were referred to Pathology Department of Veterinary Medicine. Grossly, masses were measuring up to $6.5{\times}4{\times}1cm$ and on cut surface of masses in right 1st, 3rd, 4th, 5th and left 1st, 3rd, 4th, 5th mammary masses were well delineated and firm, sulphur yellow, solid round to oval shape. Microscopically, most neoplastic sweat glands were severely proliferated in dermis and subcutis. Most tubules were lined by round to oval shaped epithelium with eosinophilic cytoplasm, hyperchromatic nuclei with high mitotic figures and severe central necrosis. The neoplastic epithelium also had PAS-positive diastase-resistant cytoplasmic granules, but negative with Perls iron stain. The left 2nd mass was well delineated, and had several dark brown areas and yellowish white glittered areas. Mass was well circumscribed with dense connective tissue. Neoplastic areas contained irregular sized mammary gland with papillary grown luminal epithelial cells in single or double cells layer with mitotic figures and small amounts of proliferated myoepithelial cells. Proliferated myoepithelial cells also produced slightly basophilic mucinous materials. Based on the gross, histopathologic and special staining characteristics, this dog was diagnosed as 90% of apocrine sweat gland aenocarcinoma and 10% mammary. complex adenomas in mammary masses. In our best knowledge, this is the first report for concurrent occurrence of apocrine sweat gland adenocarcinoma and mammary gland complex adenoma in mammary masses of the same dog.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제79권3호
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• pp.184-187
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• 2016

Since IgG4-related pancreatitis was first reported in 2001, IgG4-related disease has been identified in other organs such as salivary gland, gallbladder, thyroid, retroperitoneum and kidney; but lung invasion is rare. A 63-year-old man presented with hemoptysis at the pulmonary clinic and chest computed tomography revealed about 4.1 cm irregular shaped mass with spiculated margin at the left upper lobe. Despite no elevation of serum IgG4 level, he was finally diagnosed as IgG4-related lung disease by transthoracic needle biopsy. After treatment with oral glucocorticoids, hemoptysis disappeared and the size of lung mass was decreased.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.417-422
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• 1993

영남대학교 의과대학 부속병원에서 난소 악성 생식세포종으로 확진된 12례를 대상으로 CT 소견을 분석하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 내배엽동 종양은 낭성 종괴내 일부 고형조직과 격막이 혼재되어 있는데 반하여 미성숙 기형종은 비교적 특징적인 지방조직과 석회화가 보였고, 미분화 세포종은 비록 1례지만 전형적인 낭성 종괴가 없는 고형 조직으로 충만하였다. 그러나 혼합 생식 세포종은 2종이상의 생식 세포종이 혼합된 종양이므로 특징적인 CT 소견없이 혼합된 종양들의 종류에 따라 다양하게 나타날 것으로 생각되었다. 또한 모든 종양들의 크기는 11cm에서 33cm의 비교적 컸다. 결론적으로 젊은 여성에서 큰 난소 종양이 있을 때 CT 영상에서 그 조직성상을 분석하면 그들의 감별진단이 가능하리라고 생각되었다.