• Title/Summary/Keyword: Iron manufacture

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A Study on the Material of Furniture in Goryeo (고려시대 가구재료 연구)

  • Cho, Sook-Kyung
    • Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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    • v.25 no.1
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    • pp.19-27
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    • 2014
  • This paper studied the materials of the furniture which the noble men used in Goryeo, based on the furniture material category of solid wood furniture, lacquerware inlaid with mother-of-pearl and hardware. As for the solid wood furniture, the wood and furniture types are inferred based on the documents. The trees used for the wood furniture were zelkova, korean willow, pine, royal paulownia, maidenhair tree, korean pine, chinese juniper and elm. The furniture types were table, chair, wooden bench, small portable table, writing table, and folding screen. As to the types of lacquerware inlaid with mother-of-pearl, most of them were hams with top, which were made of abalone shells. The features of the lacquerware inlaid with mother-of-pearl were in detail and elaborate like the pattern of the full bloomed chrysanthemum. Writing tables were also made of lacquerware as pieces of furniture. Distinctively, the mother-of-pearl furniture material was popular enough to be used even in a horse saddle. Regarding the metal feldspar used as both a practical use and decoration, there are drop handle, hinge, the front basis, and lock seen in the artifacts, which were made of cast iron, bronze, and brass. Their manufacture techniques were eojamoon, bratticing and sheet metal. Through this study of the furniture materials used in Goryeo, it seems that Goryeo furniture focused on the functions rather than on the decorations, and in turn the forms were simple and basic. The technique of mother-of-pearl, a bit elaborate one, was used in the props furniture like kitchen wares, hams, or writing talbes. Probably, the solid wood is inferred to be used in a low wooden bench, a chair, and a table based on the documents.

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Quality characteristics of Aster scaber and development of functional healthy drinks using its extract (참취의 고부가 식품이용화를 위한 품질특성 및 기능성 건강음료 개발)

  • 김수정;김재광;김건희
    • Korean journal of food and cookery science
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    • v.20 no.3
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    • pp.310-316
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    • 2004
  • This study was conducted to investigate quality characteristics of Aster scaber to increase the value of functional food resources. To examine quality characteristics of Aster scaber, various factors such as color, texture, fiber, minerals, tannin, crude proteins, crude lipids and sensory quality were determined using physiochemical methods. The contents of dietary fiber were 0.68 g in each 100 g of Aster scaber (freeze drying base). In mineral contents, iron was the highest value in Aster scaber (freeze drying base). The contents of tannin were 35.6 ppm of Aster scaber (fresh base). Aster scaber was shown significant difference in tannin from freeze drying leaf. From the results of sensory evaluation, the age of 30's and 40's showed a better acceptability in blanching. Functional healthy drinks were made from extracts of Aster scaber for relieving thirst and promoting health. The recipe of drinks were decided to establish manufacture condition through the sensory evaluation, color, flavor, taste, and overall acceptability. The shelf-life was established in 18 months through quality was analyzed such as soluble solids, optical density 480, pH, acidity and microorganisms.

Experimental Study on the Bond Capacity of RC Beams Using Electric Arc Furnace Oxidizing Slag Aggregates (콘크리트용 전기로 산화 슬래그 골재를 사용한 RC 보의 부착 성능에 관한 실험적 연구)

  • Ryu, Deug-Hyun;Lim, Ji-Young;Lee, Yong-Jun;Kim, Sang-Woo;Kim, Kil-Hee
    • Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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    • v.21 no.5
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    • pp.581-588
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    • 2009
  • An amount of electric arc furnace slag, by-products generated in iron manufacture, is being increased. Therefore, it is required to recycle the electric arc furnace slag. Currently, it is possible to use the electric arc furnace slag as the aggregates of the concrete through the insurance of volume stability but not in the past because of the expansibility of f-CaO and f-MgO. In this study, simple beam tests via Ichinose method were performed to estimate the bond properties of reinforced concrete (RC) beams using the electric arc furnace slag. The results of the test showed that the showed that specimens using the electric arc furnace oxidizing slag aggregates have similar or more bond capacity relative to the specimen of natural aggregates. Especially, bond capacity of the specimens using the slag aggregates was almost one and a half times higher than a specimen using natural aggregates.

Experimental Study on Shear Performance of RC Beams with Electric Arc Furnace Oxidizing Slag Aggregates (전기로 산화슬래그 골재를 사용한 RC 보의 전단 성능에 관한 실험적 연구)

  • Lee, Yong Jun;Jeong, Chan Yu;Lee, Bum Sik;Kim, Sang Woo;Kim, Kil Hee
    • Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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    • v.16 no.5
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    • pp.40-48
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    • 2012
  • This study evaluates the shear performance of reinforced concrete beams with electric arc furnace oxidizing slag aggregates generated from iron manufacture. A total of six simple supported specimens were cast and tested in shear. The main test variables were the type of aggregates and the amount of shear reinforcements. The specimens under four point loading had a shear span-to-depth ratio of 2.5 and a rectangular section with a width of 200mm and an effective depth of 300mm. Existing equations to predict the shear strength of the specimens were used in this study. Furthermore, a finite element analysis using shear analytical model was performed to trace the shear behavior of the specimens with electric arc furnace oxidizing aggregates. From the test results, the shear performance of specimens with electric arc furnace oxidizing aggregates is similar to that of specimens with natural aggregates.

The Process of Development and the Change of Freight Flows in the Influence Areas of pyeongtaek and Dangjin Port, Korea (평택.당진항의 항만발달과 화물유동에 의한 항세권 변화)

  • Han, Ju-Seong
    • Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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    • v.45 no.6
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    • pp.766-787
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    • 2010
  • This study seeks to clarify the process of development and the change of freight flows in the influence areas of Pyeongtaek and Dangjin Port, which opened lately. The results of analysis are as follows: from development period to growth period, the relation between the development of the port and the change of the hinterland and foreland shows no great change and the freight concentration rates of the first hinterland and foreland decreased, but those of periphery region increased. While the composition rate of import and export freight of vehicle, fuel and energy decreased, the rate of imported freights (iron or steel, other textile articles, rag and organic compounds) and exported freight (manufacture of basic metals) increased. The reasons for such changes in influence areas of port were the increase of export to China and the U.S.A. in the development period, the increase of import from China in the growth period and the diversification of nations from which fuel and energy were imported.

Development of a Large Capacity Hybrid-Type Linear Motor Damper for the vibration Control of Building Structures (건축 구조물의 진동 제어용 하이브리드형 대용량 리니어 모터 댐퍼의 개발)

  • Jeong, Sang-Seop;Jang, Seok-Myeong;Lee, Seong-Ho;Yun, In-Gi
    • The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers B
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    • v.51 no.11
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    • pp.601-611
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    • 2002
  • As resent trends in structural construction have been to build taller and larger structures than any time in the past, they have had high flexibility and low damping that can cause large vibration response under severe environmental loading such as earthquakes, winds, and mechanical excitations. The damper with mass and sqring is one aproach to safeguarding the structure against excessive vibrations. In this paper, a large capacity hybrid-type linear motor damper(LMD) was designed and fabricated for the application to the vibration control of a large building structure model. It has been designed to be able to move the damper mass, 1,500 kg up to ${\pm}250mm$ strokes at the first mode natural frequency of the building structure model, ${\pm}0.51Hz$. Linear motor is consisted of the fixed coil and the movable NdFeB permanent magnets field part. The PM field part composed magnet modules and iron yoke, is the damper mass itself, 1500kg. LMD therefore has a simplified structure and requires a few elements in the driving system, being compared with a rotary motor damper and a hydraulic damper. However, the manufacture of large PM linear actuator is difficult because of the limit of PM size and the attraction and repulsion at the assembly of PM. Therefore, large damper system is manufactured and tested for dynamic characteristics and frequency response.

A Simulator for the Design and Operation of the Steel Mill (제강.연주 공장 설계와 운영을 위한 시뮬레이터)

  • Choi, Seong-Hoon
    • Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.49-57
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    • 2011
  • Stiff competition and skyrocketing prices of raw materials are increasingly demanding the optimal design and operation of iron and steel mills minimizing trial and error. Computer simulation can provide the methodology in accordance with requirements. The purpose of this paper is to suggest a simulator for the design and operation of the steelmaking and continuous casting mill. The simulator was developed using Arena, popular simulation software and input and output interface based on MS Excel. It allows easy access for the maintenance and extension of the model. One of distinct features of the proposed simulator is the inclusion of complex transportation modules composed of transfer cars and overhead cranes. The simulator can be used for evaluating various alternative designs of a projected mill via throughput analysis and material flow analysis. Also, one can utilize it effectively to search for the best product mix suitable for many types of situations. It could be an invaluable tool evaluating the performance of operation patterns and improving the accuracy.

Recovery of Precious Metals from Spent Catalyst Generated in Domestic Petrochemical Industry (한내 석유화학 폐촉매로부터 귀금속의 회수 연구)

  • 김준수;박형규;이후인;김성돈;김철주
    • Resources Recycling
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    • v.3 no.1
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    • pp.17-24
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    • 1994
  • Recovery of precious metal values from petrochemical spent catalyst is important from the viewpoint of environmental protection and resource recycling. Two types of spent catalysts were used in this study. One used in the manufacture of ethylene contains 0.3% Pd in the alumina substrate. The other used in oil refining contains 0.3% Pt and 0.3% Re. Both spent catalysts are roasted to remove volatile matters as carbon and sulfur. Then, metallic Pd powder from Pd spent catalyst is obtained in the course of grinding, hydrochloric acid or aqua regia leaching and cementation with iron. For the recovery of Pt and Re from Pt-Re spent catalyst, Pt and Re are leached with either HCI or aqua regia, first. Metallic Pt powder is recovered from the leach solution by cementation with Fe powder. Re in sulfide form is precipitated by the addition of sodium sulfide to the solution obtained after Pt recovery. It is found that 6N HCI can be successfully used as leaching agent for both types of spent catalyst. 6N HCI is considered to be better than aqua regia in consideration of reagent and equipment cost.

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Production and evaluation of raw materials for porcelain using clay mineral (점토 광물을 이용한 도자기용 소지 제조 및 물성 평가)

  • Kim, Jong-Young
    • Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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    • v.29 no.6
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    • pp.317-328
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    • 2019
  • In this work, we investigated clay and raw materials from China (black clay, red clay, white clay) and Korea (Cheonan clay, Obu clay) used for the manufacture of porcelain products. According to chemical analysis results, feldspar components containing CaO, K2O, Na2O and quartz are found in clay materials besides primary clay such as kaollinte, for the clay materials from Korea, which is found more in clay materials from Korea than from China. For the Fe2O3 content, governing whiteness of porcelain products, more iron oxide (> 5 %) is found in Korean clays (Cheonan clay, obu clay, red clay) compared to those form China (black, white clay). Through X-ray diffraction analysis, kaolinite and Halloysite are found to be main phases for all the raw materials and second phases such as quartz and pyrophyllite are found. Using these clay materials, raw materials for porcelain products were produced, and the physicochemical properties were investigated for sintered samples. Absorption rate is in order of Baekja-A < Baekja-B < Yeonbuncheong < Jinbuncheong < Cheongja, and the sample, sintered at 1250℃ in reductive atmosphere, exhibits the lowest absorption rate. Comparing the color of the sintered samples, the samples sintered in oxidative atmosphere (L* value: 86~95 %) show higher whiteness value than those sintered in reductive atmosphere (L* value: 81~93 %). For the Cheongja and Buncheong, the samples sintered in reductive atmosphre shows higher whiteness, L* values, and low a*/b* value, which is due to reduction of iron oxide (Fe2O3).

Study Development of Salad Dressing with Added Sea Tangle($Laminaria$ $japonica$) (다시마를 이용한 샐러드 드레싱 제조의 품질 특성)

  • Jung, Hyeon-A;Kim, An-Na;Ahn, Eun-Mi;Park, Suk-Hyeon;Kim, Min-Ji;Yoo, Yun-Jung;Lee, You-Rim
    • The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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    • v.24 no.4
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    • pp.520-527
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    • 2011
  • This study was conducted to develop a novel salad dressing composite recipe of natural seasoning containing the dried sea tangle($Laminaria$ $japonica$) that has a high preference. Sea tangle($Laminaria$ $japonica$) is included in the vitamins and minerals, magnesium, calcium, iodine, iron content, such as high, and contained in Sea tangle alginate is not a small conference known as dietary fiber. To manufacture salad dressing with sea tangle, dressing with 0%, 3%, 6%, 9%, and 12% added sea tangle were prepared and tested for quality. The pH tended to increase with the increased sea tangle in addition but in contrast, acidity showed. The 'L' color decreased with added sea tangle, whereas the 'a' and 'b' values increased. Brix measurements increase with added sea tangle. The strength texture results, 0% was the highest, lowest 9%. Bitterness and chewiness texture results, 9% was the highest, lowest 0%. According to the sensory test results, in the topic overall quality 3% was by 3.76 point the highest. But, during total nine clause, in clause six, by 6% was the highest.