• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제49권5호
• /
• pp.519-523
• /
• 2017

본 연구에서 공심채(Ipomoea aquatica)에 대한 다양한 생리활성을 조사하여 기능성소재 응용가능성을 검토하였다. 공심채 추출물은 멜라노마 세포에 대하여 낮은 세포독성을 나타냈다. 세포독성이 거의 없는 농도에서 공심채 추출물 처리 시, 산화방지 활성($ID_{50}$, $7.84{\mu}g/mL$), 타이로시네이스 활성저해($ID_{50}$, $106.56{\mu}g/mL$) 및 멜라닌 함량 저하($ID_{50}$, $41.75{\mu}g/mL$)를 보여주었다. 공심채 추출물 농도 의존적으로 타이로시네이스 발현이 억제되었으며, 이는 공심채 추출물이 직접적인 타이로시네이스 활성저해 및 세포 내 타이로시네이스 발현을 억제시킴으로써 멜라닌 합성을 저해하는 것으로 판단된다. 또한, 공심채 추출물이 피부장벽 보호 지표물질로서 관련된 단백질인 인볼루크린 발현을 증가시키는 것을 확인하였다. 이와 같은 결과로 미루어 볼 때 공심채 추출물은 피부미백 소재 등 피부장벽 개선 효과를 지닌 기능성 화장품에 활용하기 위한 매우 효과적인 재료가 될 수 있다고 판단된다.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• 제24권12호
• /
• pp.415-427
• /
• 2021

Wetland ecosystems act as natural freshwater purification systems, but their rich biodiversity is being threatened with the introduction of the non-native freshwater snail, Pomacea canaliculata. This study was conducted to measure the herbivory effects and growth rate of P. canaliculata on common macrophytes: Ipomoea aquatica, Ipomoea batatas, Pandanus amaryllifolius and Cucurma longa. In separate experiments, the macrophyte species were served as the snails' food as individual species and simultaneously. In the individual treatment, the growth pattern and rate were based on the snails' weight (mg/snail/day; n = 9) while the individual feeding consumption (mg/snail/day) was calculated from the leftover food. In the simultaneous treatment, the herbivory effects were evaluated as the feeding preference (%) from observations every two hours, while the total feeding consumption (mg) was calculated based on the food remaining after a 12-hour experiment (3 replicates: total n = 27). The results indicated that the growth pattern was significant for snails grazing on I. aquatica but not when other macrophyte species were eaten. The individual feeding consumption was higher when using I. aquatica than P. amaryllifolius but the growth rate for snails grazing on I. aquatica and P. amaryllifolius did not differ significantly. Meanwhile, the consumption of C. longa deterred the snails' growth rate. Although the snails consumed all the macrophytes in the individual experiment, when given the species simultaneously, the feeding preference and total feeding consumption were directed significantly more toward I. aquatica than P. amaryfollius and C. longa. We conclude that P. canaliculata is a generalist feeder given a limited choice of food but tends to show a strong feeding preference after being introduced to more food choices. These findings indicate that the introduction of P. canaliculata into wetland ecosystems may increase the herbivory effects on macrophytes, making these ecosystems vulnerable to the impact of eutrophication and biodiversity reduction.

• 한국균학회지
• /
• 제50권4호
• /
• pp.367-372
• /
• 2022

Leaf spot symptoms were observed in water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica) plants growing in fields in Ansan and Hongseong, Korea, during disease surveys in 2019 and 2020. The symptoms appeared as brown to dark brown circular or irregular spots on the leaves of the plants. The disease incidence on the plant leaves in the fields investigated at the two locations ranged from 1% to 20%. Five single-spore isolates of Phoma sp. Were obtained from lesions of the diseased leaves. All the isolates were identified as Ectophoma multirostrata based on their cultural and morphological characteristics, as well as molecular analysis. Two isolates of E. multirostrata were tested for pathogenicity on water spinach leaves using artificial inoculation. The tested isolates caused leaf spot symptoms in the inoculated plants. These symptoms were similar to those observed in plants from the investigated fields. To our knowledge, this is the first report of E. multirostrata causing leaf spot in water spinach.

• 식물병연구
• /
• 제26권4호
• /
• pp.272-278
• /
• 2020

2019년 Paratylenchus projectus에 의한 심각한 상추 피해를 국내 처음으로 보고하였다. 상추 시설재배지에서 P. projectus 밀도를 낮출 수 있는 고소득 윤작작물을 탐색하고자 십자화과(Brassicaceae)에서 6종; 갓(leaf mustard, Brassica juncea), 경수채(kyona, B. rapa subsp. nipposinica), 브로콜리(broccoli, B. oleracea var. italica), 청경채(bok choy, B. rapa subsp. chinensis), 케일(kale, B. oleracea var. viridis), 콜라비(kohlrabi, B. oleracea var. gongylodes), 국화과(Asteraceae)의 2종; 엔다이브(endive, Cichorium endivia), 치커리(chicory, C. intybus), 매꽃과(Convolvulaceae)의 1종인 공심채(morning glory, Ipomoea aquatica) 등 총 9종을 윤작시험에 사용하였다. 각 엽채류를 직경 10 cm 토화분에 심고 침선충 접종(3,000 P. projectus/100 ㎤ soil) 및 비접종으로 나누고 각 처리별 10반복으로 하여 온실에서 재배하고, 100일 후 식물의 생육, 초장, 무게, 엽수, 뿌리무게, soil plant analysis development, 선충 밀도를 조사하였다. P. projectus를 접종한 모든 작물은 무처리에 비하여 생육이 감소하였다. 지상부 무게를 기준으로 하여, 브로콜리와 갓이 56-66%로 가장 감수율이 컸고 치커리와 공심채의 수량 감수가 30-35%로 비교적 감수율이 적었다. 또한 선충의 증식률(Pf/Pi 비율)도 콜라비의 2.54에 비하여 엔다이브는 1.1, 치커리는 1.35, 공심채는 0.64로 비교적 낮게 나타났다. 따라서 이번 실험에 의하면, 상추 재배지의 윤작작물로는, 비록 충분하지는 않지만 효과적인 윤작작물을 찾기 전까지는, 다른 엽채류에 비하여 수량 감수가 비교적 적고, 선충의 증식률이 가장 낮은 공심채가 상추재배지의 윤작작물 대안일 것으로 판단된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제12권8호
• /
• pp.1292-1297
• /
• 1999

A preference test on feed and nutrient intakes were conducted on four male ($1.25{\pm}0.08kg$) and four female ($1.21{\pm}0.15kg$) lesser mouse deer (Tragulus javanicus) in captivity. Each animal was kept in individual cages placed in a well-ventilated animal house. The experiment was conducted in two weeks, where the first week was for adaptation to the feeds and the second week for measurements of nutrient intake, nutrient digestibility and nitrogen balance. The feeds offered were kangkong (Ipomoea aquatica), long bean (Vigna sinensis) and french bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) as roughages and proteinaceous feeds; sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) and carrot (Daucus carota) as carbohydrate-rich feeds; and commercial rabbit pellet (0.3 cm diameter and 0.5 cm long) as a complete feed. The dry matter (DM) content of each feed in the order mentioned above was 7.1, 6.1, 3.9, 18.5, 6.2 and 87.6%, respectively. Long bean had the highest protein (CP) content (29.7%), while sweet potato had the lowest (6.2%). The CP contents of other feeds were within the range of 14.2 - 25.1%. Among the feeds, carrot had the lowest energy content (3.83 kcal/g) and long bean the highest (4.67 kcal/g). When fresh weight of the feed was considered, the male mouse deer consumed sweet potato the most ($86.3{\pm}12.90g/d$), but the female had a high preference for carrot ($79.2{\pm}9.76g/d$). The other feeds were consumed in lesser amounts. However, in terms of DM of the feed, the amount of commercial pellet consumed was the highest for both male ($45.0{\pm}5.10%$) and female ($44.7{\pm}7.38%$) mouse deer, followed by sweet potato ($33.1{\pm}4.43%$ and $22.4{\pm}7.73%$ for male and female, respectively). Significant (p<0.05) differences in DM, organic matter (OM) and gross energy (GE) intakes were observed between male and female mouse deer. The male consumed higher amount of DM, OM and GE than the female. The total DM intake was $40.7{\pm}2.24g/d/kg$ $W^{0.75}$ for male and $35.9{\pm}1.72g/d/kg$ $W^{0.75}$ for female mouse deer. Percentage digestibilities of DM, OM, CP and GE were within 72.7~80.8% and were not significantly different between male and female mouse deer. However, male mouse deer had significantly (p<0.05) higher digestible DM, OM and GE intakes than the female. Both male and female mouse deer were in positive nitrogen balance (0.6 g N/d/kg $W^{0.75}$). The male mouse deer gained $7.6{\pm}3.45g/d$, while the female gained $4.3{\pm}2.40g/d$.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제21권8호
• /
• pp.1171-1177
• /
• 2008

The performance of growing rabbits fed Ruzi grass (Brachiaria ruziziensis), head lettuce (Lactuca sativa) residue, Mimosa pigra and water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica) was studied in an experiment using 64 rabbits (4 males and 4 females per treatment) of 2 breeds, New Zealand White and a crossbred between New Zealand White and native breed. The rabbits had an average initial weight of 668 g, were about 6 weeks old and were housed in individual pens. The foliages were fed ad libitum and a commercial concentrate was fed at a restricted level of 2% of body weight on a dry matter (DM) basis. In the digestibility experiment, the rabbits, 4 per foliage and males only, were fed the same foliages as in the growth experiment but without concentrate. Daily weight gain was lower in the group fed Ruzi grass, 14.8 g/d (p<0.001) compared to 17.6, 18.5 and 18.4 g/d for head lettuce, Mimosa pigra and water spinach, respectively. Feed intake and feed conversion ratio were lowest for the rabbits fed water spinach, 66 g DM/d and 3.6 kg DM/kg live weight, respectively. The New Zealand White breed had a higher daily gain than the crossbred rabbits (p<0.05), 18.0 and 16.7 g/d, respectively. There were no significant differences in feed intake, growth or feed conversion ratio due to sex. The digestibility coefficients of DM, organic matter, crude protein, crude fiber, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber were significantly lower (p<0.001) in the rabbits fed Ruzi grass. Breed and sex had no effect on digestibility. In conclusion, feeding head lettuce residue, Mimosa pigra and water spinach resulted in higher growth rate and digestibility than feeding Ruzi grass and can be recommended as alternative feeds.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제14권7호
• /
• pp.986-993
• /
• 2001

In balance experiments with rats either 25 or 50% of the casein protein in the control diet was replaced with one of the following eight sun-dried tropical biomass products: water spinach plants (WS) (Ipomoea aquatica Forsk), leucaena leaves (LL) (Leuceana leucocephala), duckweed plants (DW) (Lemma minor L.), groundnut foliage (OF) (Arachis hypogaea L.), trichantera leaves (Tric) (Trichantera gigantea), indicago leaves (Ind) (Indigofera hirsuta), mungbean foliage (Mb) (Phaseolus aureus), and cassava leaves (CL) (Manihot esculenta Crantz). The experiment included 102 rats with six individuals per treatment group. In three of the 16 biomass treatment groups, feed intake and weight gain of the rats were unacceptably low, and therefore they were excluded from the statistical evaluation, The crude protein (CP) content of the biomass products varied between 20.9% (Tric) and 33.2% (DW), whereas the content of NDF varied between 18.5% (Ind) and 32.2% (DW) of dry matter (DM). The total content of essential amino acids (g/16 g N) was comparable with that of alfalfa meal, except for GF and Tric, which were inferior. Between plant species, differences in dietary digestibility of organic matter (dOM) and CP (dCP) were observed (p<0.001). Also, the replacement level negatively influenced dOM and dCP (p<0.001). The lowest values for dOM (p<0.001) were observed for diets including biomass products with the highest content of NDF (OF, Tric, Mb, LL). Digestibility of CP was negatively affected by level of protein replacement. Significant (p<0.001) differences were found in N-retention and biological value among diets with different biomass products. The most favourable overall results were obtained for DW, WS and CL. The main factors affecting the nutritive value of the diets tested were their NDF content, dCP and AA profile of the biomass. Also antinutritive component(s) may have influenced the process of digestion and metabolism of some of the biomass products.

• 한국환경농학회지
• /
• 제36권2호
• /
• pp.67-72
• /
• 2017

논에서 대체작물의 재배에 따른 토양 물리화학성과 작물 수량의 변화를 살펴보기 위하여 하성충적지에 분포된 규암 미사질 양토의 배수 약간양호인 토양에서 콩, 레드클로버, 공심채를 대체작물로 재배하여 3년간 경작시험을 수행하였다. 경작처리는 콩-벼-벼, 콩-콩-벼, 레드클로버-레드클로버-벼, 레드클로버-벼-벼, 공심채, 공심채-벼, 공심채-벼-벼 작부체계로, 3년차에는 모든 처리에서 논으로 복원한 다음 벼를 재배하여 토양 물리화학성과 작물 수량을 조사하였다. 앞그루가 밭일 때 토양의 용적밀도와 경도 수분함량이 감소하였고 공극률은 증가하였다. 대체작물을 2년 재배하였을 때에 1년 재배하였을 때보다 토양 입단량과 감수심이 높았다. 토양 유기물 함량은 레드클로버와 공심채를 2년 동안 재배하였을 때 높았다. 3년차에 유효인산과 치환성 칼리 함량 토양 CEC는 앞그루가 콩이었을 때 높았다. 대체작물의 1년차 생산성은 공심채가 레드클로버보다 높았으나, 2년차에는 반대였다. 3년차의 벼 수량은 앞그루가 콩과 레드클로버일 때가 공심채일 때보다 높았다.