• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2017.10a
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• pp.53-54
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• 2017

In this paper, we have studied the electrostatic discharge test for the battery protection circuit module in the lithium ion battery used as a smartphone battery which is used to prevent the explosion hazard due to overcharge, over discharge, and short-circuit. A lithium ion battery of S company was used as an experimental sample, and an ESD gun simulator compliant with IEC 61000-4-2 standard was used for electrostatic discharge injection. The contact discharge was applied to the various pins of the battery protection circuit module in increments of 2 kV in the range of 2 kV to 10 kV and in 5 kV increments in the range of 10 kV to 30 kV.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.472-480
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• 2009

In this paper, a charge equalization converter with parallel-connected primary windings of transformers is proposed. The proposed work effectively balances the voltage among Lithium-Ion battery cells despite each battery cell has low voltage gap compared with its state of charge (SOC). The principle of the proposed work is that the equalizing energy from all battery strings moves to the lowest voltage battery through the isolated dc/dc converter controlled by the corresponding solid state relay switch. For this research a prototype of four Lithium-Ion battery cells is optimally designed and implemented, and experimental results show that the proposed method has excellent cell balancing performance.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 1999.07a
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• pp.97-97
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• 1999

이온빔 스퍼터링을 이용해 유리 기판위에 Tin-doped Indium Oxide (ITO) 투명 전도성 박막을 성장시켜 이온빔의 전류밀도와 에너지 그리고 기판 온도에 따르는 ITO박막의 구조적, 전기적, 광학적 특성을 분석하였다. 또한, 반응성 가스인 산소의 아르곤에 대한 유량비를 변화시켜 이온 빔 스퍼터링시에 산소 분압이 ITO 박막의 물성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 이온 소스는 직경 5-cm인 cold hollow cathode ion gun을 이용하였으며 base pressure는 2$\times$10-5 Torr이며 가스 주입 후의 3$\times$10-4 Torr이하의 working pressure에서 박막을 증착하였다. 이온 전류 밀도는 5$\mu$A~15$\mu$A까지 변화시켰으며 이온 에너지는 0.7keV~1.3keV까지 변화시켰다. 반응성 가스는 아르곤에 대하여 Zmrp 0, 50, 100%까지 변화시켰으며 기판 온도는 50, 100, 150, 20$0^{\circ}C$로 변화시켰다. ITO 박막의 결정구조는 Ar 이온만으로 스퍼터링한 경우에는 XRD 상에서 [400] 방향으로 우선성장하였으며 산소분압이 증가함에 따라 [222] 방향으로 우선 성장함을 확인 할 수 있었다. 전기적 특성은 Ar ion에 Oxygen ion의 비율이 약간만 증가하여도 비저항의 큰 증가를 보여 주었다. 이는 산소 vacancy의 감소에 의한 것으로 여겨진다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2010.02a
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• pp.98-98
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• 2010

Ion beam irradiation has been extensively used for surface modification of polymers, glassy metals and amorphous and crystalline materials at micron and submicron scales. The surface structures created by exposure to an ion beam range from dots, steps and one-dimensional straight wrinkles to highly complex hierarchical undulations and ripples. In general, the morphology of these nanoscale features can be selected by controlling the ion beam parameters (e.g. fluence and acceleration voltage), making ion beam irradiation a promising method for the surface engineering of materials. In the work, we presented that ion beam irradiation results in creation of a peculiar nanoscale dimple-like structure on the surface of polyimide - a common polymer in electronics, large scale structures, automobile industry, and biomedical applications. The role of broad Ar ion beam on the morphology of the structural features was investigated and insights into the mechanisms of formation of these nanoscale features were provided. Moreover, a systematic experimental study was performed to quantify the role of ion beam treatment time, and thus the morphology, on the coefficient of friction of polyimide surfaces covered by nanostructure using a tribo-experiment. Nano-indentation experiment were performed on the ion beam treated surfaces which shows that the hardness as well as the elastic modulus of the polyimide surface increased with increase of Ar ion beam treatment time. The increased of hardness of polyimide have been explained in terms of surface structure as well as morphology changes induced by Ar ion beam treatment.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.23-33
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• 2011

In this study, the data that examined the chloride ion concentration of ground water wells in the west coast of Jeollabukdo applying the GIS spatial estimation method were analyzed. In particular, through the designation of a validation point among ground water wells and then the analysis of error characteristics of the chloride ion concentration by each method of IDW (Inverse Distance Weight), Spline, and Kriging Interpolation method which is proper for estimating salt water intrusion was selected. The main conclusion from this study is as follows. First, as a result of analyzing the error characteristics of various spatial estimation methods by using the data from the chloride ion concentration of 485 ground water wells, the IDW method was found to be the most appropriate for estimating chloride ion concentration by salt water intrusion. Second, analyzing the average chloride ion concentration of the targeted regions has revealed that Gunsan-si with the record of $541mg/{\ell}$ did not meet water quality standards even for industrial use. Both Gimje-si and Gochang-gun satisfied drinking water quality standards and Buan-gun with $272mg/{\ell}$ was slightly below the standards for drinking water. Third, concerning the results of analysis according to administrative districts, as the areas adjacent to the west coast such as Daemyeong-dong, Joong-dong, Jangjae-dong and Guemam-dong in Gunsan-si are found to have very high chloride ion concentration, and both Hoehyeon-myeon and Daeya-myeon bounded by the Mankeong river did not meet water quality standards even for industrial use. From these facts, it is concluded that salt water intrusion has a great effect on Gunsan-si generally.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2007.06a
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• pp.414-414
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• 2007

In this study, Liquid Crystal (LC) alignment and tilt angle generation in Nematic Liquid Crystal (NLC) with negative dielectric anisotropy on the homeotropic PI surface with new ion beam exposure are reported. Also. high density of ion beam energy (DuoPIGatron type Ar ion gun) is used in this study. The tilt angle of NLC on the homeotropic Polyimide (PI) surface for all incident angles is measured about 38 degree and this has a stabilization trend. And the good LC alignment of NLC on the PI surface with ion beam exposure of $45^{\circ}$ incident angle was observed. Also the tilt angle of NLC on the homeotropic PI surface with ion beam exposure of $45^{\circ}$ had a tendency to decrease as ion beam energy density increase. The tilt angle could be controlled from verticality to horizontality. Also, the LC aligning capabilities of NLC on the homeotropic PI surface according to ion beam energy has the goodness in case of more than 1500 eV. Finally. the superior LC alignment thermal stability on the homeotropic PI surface with ion beam exposure can be achieved. For OCB(Optically Compensated Bend) mode driving, we can need pretilt angles control for fast response time. In this study, We success pretilt angles control. Consequently, this result can be applied for OCB mode.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2002.06a
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• pp.70-70
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• 2002

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.145-155
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• 1984

The use of stable isotope compounds in pharmaceutical research was described with recent 33 references, which include synthesis, selected ion monitoring, pharmacokinetics, drug metabolism, and mechanism of drug action.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2002.06a
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• pp.71-71
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• 2002

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.25-33
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• 2002

Effect of surface topography on the water wetting nature and micro/nano tribological characteristics of Si-wafer and PTFE was experimentally studied. The ion beam treatment was performed with a hollow cathode ion gun in different argon don dose conditions in a vacuum chamber to change the surface topography, Micro/nano tribological characteristics, water wetting angles and roughness were measured with a micro tribo tester, SPM (scanning prove microscope), contact anglemeter and profilometer, respectively. Results showed that surface roughness increased with the argon ion dose. The water wetting angle of tile ion beam treated samples also increased with the ion dose. Results also showed that micro-adhesion and micro-friction depend on the wetting characteristics of the PTFE samples. However, nano-triboloSical characteristics showed little dependence on the wetting angles. The water wetting characteristics of modified PTFE samples were discussed in terms of the surface topographic characteristics.