• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.18-23
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• 1966

The protein-bound iodine-131, the concentration of iodine-131 in blood, and the excretion rate of I-131 through urine and feces were observed in nine Korean native goats, 3 months age, following administration of $3{\mu}C$ of I-131 per kg of body weight. No signiant differences were found due to sex and castration. 1. The average protein-bound iodine-131 conversion ratio of goats was 16.7% in 24 hours. In castrated group, the lowest proteinbound iodine-131 conversion ratio was observed. 2. The average concentration of iodine-131 in bleed, increased very rapidly by 2 hours(4.75%) and rapidly decreased within 6 hours(0.73%). 3. The average excretion rate of I-131 through urine was highest in 24 hours(19.00%) and decreased rapidly within 48 hours(5.32%). 4. The average excretion ration rate of I-131 though feces was highest in 24 hours(2.55%), and decreased slowly.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.36 no.11
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• pp.747-752
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• 2014

Iodine-131, an artificial radionuclide, mostly exists as iodide ion ($^{131}I^-$) and iodate ion ($^{131}IO_3{^-}$) in the water, and When a short time contacted, it could not be removed by poly aluminum chloride (PACl) and powdered activated carbon (PAC). Although the removal rate of iodine-131 was not related with turbidity of raw water, it showed linear relationship with contact time with PAC. With the mixture of PACl (24 mg/L or more) and PAC (40 mg/L or more), about 40% of iodine-131 could be removed. Iodine-131 could be removed little by sand filtration, but approximately 100% by granular activated carbon (GAC), both virgin-GAC and spent-GAC. Microfiltration process could remove little iodine-131 while reverse osmosis process could remove about 92% of iodine-131.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.70-74
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• 1976

In order to study the mechanism of biosynthesis of thyroid hormones, radioactive iodine was injected into the rats and thyroid glands were removed. Iodine compounds hydrolyzed by pancreatin viokase were separated by paper chromatography and analyzed by radioautography. Radioautograms showed that the uptake of iodine starts immediately and forms diiodotyrosine through monoiodotyrosine. Evidence supported the possibility that diiodotyrosine is a precursor of thyrosine and triiodothyronine is a degradation product of thyroxine. The rat administered propylthiouracil showed inorganic iodine concentration activity, while the binding activity was prevented.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.141-147
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• 1971

In iodine-131 labelling of iodocompounds such as tetrachloro-P-tetraiodo R-fluorescein, sodium orthoiodohippurate and a non-iodocompound, human serum albumin (HSA), the labelling rates and yields are accurately compared with each other. The reaction systems conducted for each compounds were different conditions: sodium iodide-$^{131}$ I containing reducing agent, sodium iodide-$^{131}$ I free from reducing agent, and sodium iodide-$^{131}$ I free from reducing agent but containing considerable amount of iodide-$^{131}$ I etc. The labelling yields were generally poor; 10% in the case of using sodium iodide-$^{131}$ I containing redoing agent, and 50~60% in the case of using sodium iodide-$^{131}$ I free from reducing agent but containing considerable amount of iodide-$^{131}$ I. However, fair yields were obtained in the case of using sodium iodide-$^{131}$ I free from reducing agent and mostly in the form of iodide-$^{131}$ I. The reaction entities involved in these reactions are also briefly discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.79-82
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• 2012

Iodine is one of important nuclides to be checked for radiation exposure after nuclear power facility accidents. After Chernobyl accident, it was observed that there is a greater amount of organic iodine in the atmosphere than inorganic iodine. In this study, we not only varied the amount of sample being exposed to $^{131}I$ and the duration of exposure to $^{131}I$ but also diluted the sample in distilled water and mixed the sample in kelp and liquid $^{131}I$ to measure and analyze the radiation detection levels. We concluded that the radiation levels were not high enough to be harmful to human body. The radiation from $^{131}I$ decreased over time, and we calculated the half life at 7-9 days. We found that the radiation from any sample containing $^{131}I$ was halved by up to 7days.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.214-218
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• 2008

Neuroblastoma is one of the most common extracranial solid tumor of childhood, and treatment of refractory neuroblastoma remains a significant clinical problem. Iodine-131-metaiodobenzylguanidine ($^{131}I-MIBG$) therapy is an alternative approach to treat stage IV neuroblastoma. We report the palliative effect of $^{131}I-MIBG$ in three cases of relapsed neuroblastoma after autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. $^{131}I-MIBG$ is an effective and relatively nontoxic palliative therapy resulting in reduction of pain and prolongation of survival.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.59-71
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• 1975

53 patients with hyperthyroidism have been analyzed with special reference to therapeutic response to radioactive iodine ($^{131}I$) treatment. Mean effective half-life, 24 hour uptake rate and radiation dose of $^{131}I$ in hyperthyroid patients included in this study were respectively. 1. Mean effective half-life of $^{131}I\;was\;4.7{\pm}1.5$ days in the tracer dose and $5.0{\pm}1.5$ days in the therapeutic dose. 2. Mean 24 hour uptake rate of $^{131}I\;was\;72.7{\pm}11.1%$ in the tracer dose and $73.4{\pm}12.3%$ in the theapeutic dose. 3. Mean radiation dose of $^{131}I\;was\;5,319{\pm}2,648$ RAD as predicted and $5,692{\pm}2,843$ RAD as actual. A single dose of radioactive iodine treatment was satisfactory in 34 patients (radioiodine sensitive) and multiple doses of radioactive iodine treatments were required in 19 patients (radioiodine resistant). A radioiodine resistant group of patients with hyperthyroidism was distinctively characteristic in the following aspects. 1. Mean thyroid weight calculated in the resistant group ($63.9{\pm}14.0gm$) was significantly (p<0.01) greater than that of the sensitive group ($46.6{\pm}13.3gm$). 2. Mean 24 hour uptake rate of the tracer dose in the resistant group ($67.3{\pm}10.7%$) was significantly (p<0.01) lower than that of the sensitive group ($75.7{\pm}10.5%$). 3. Mean 24 hour uptake rate of the therapeutic dose in the resistant group ($68.5{\pm}13.7%$) was significantly (p<0.05) lower than that of the sensitive group ($76.1{\pm}10.9%$). 4. Mean predicted radiation dose, of $^{131}I$ in the resistant group ($3,684{\pm}1,745$ RAD) was significantly (p<0.01) lower than that of the sensitive group ($6,232{\pm}2,683$ RAD). 5. Mean actual radiation dose of $^{131}I$ in the resistant group ($4,100{\pm}1,691$ RAD) was significantly (p<0.01) lower than that of the sensitive group ($6,582{\pm}3,024$ RAD). 6. No significant difference was detected in terms of effective half-life of $^{131}I$ among the groups (p>0.05). 7. The average mean % difference of effective half-life, uptake rate and radiation dose measured following the tracer and therapeutic dose of $^{131}I$ were not statistically significant (p>0.05). Therefore effective half-life, uptake rate and radiation dose of the therapeutic dose of $^{131}I$ were readily predictable following the tracer dose of $^{131}I$. 8. It is concluded that the possibility of resistance to radioactive iodine treatment may be anticipated in patients with thyroid gland large in size and compromised $^{131}I$ uptake rate.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 1977

Monoiodobromosulfophthalein-$^{131}$ I (MIBSP-$^{131}$ I), one of the useful radiopharmaceuticals for liver function studies, has been prepared by a simple isotope exchange between the MIBSP and the molecular iodine-$^{131}$ I in phosphate buffer, pH 5.3. The pooled cold MIBSP was prepared by a normal iodination of BSP using iodine monochloride, and separated from the iodination mixture by applying a Sephadex LH-20 chromatography. At 10$0^{\circ}C$, the exchange rate was so fast that the reaction could be terminated in 5 min to show upto 95% yield. The final product could be obtained simply by further heating for about 5 min in a boiling water bath in the presence of a small amount of hydrogen peroxide, and subsequent pH adjustment and membrane filtration.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.109-115
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• 1972

The evolution of radioiodine 131I from a sodium peroxide system as a function of time, temperature, and carrier gas (nitrogen) flow rate was studied. Virtually no iodine was volatilized at 25$0^{\circ}C$ and a very small amount, of the order of 10$^{-3}$ % per flour, at 63$0^{\circ}C$. Substantially greater amounts of iodine were volatilized at 7$25^{\circ}C$ and 83$0^{\circ}C$. The data are consistent with the hypothesis that the mechanism of transfer is distillation of sodium iodide, and that elemental iodine is not produced in this system.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.50 no.8
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• pp.1355-1363
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• 2018

Many radionuclides exist in normal environment and artificial radionuclides also can be detected. The radionuclides ($^{131}I$) are widely used for labeling compounds and radiation therapy. In Korea, the radionuclide ($^{131}I$) is produced at the Radioisotope Production Facility (RIPF) at the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute in Daejeon. The residents around the RIPF assume that $^{131}I$ detected in environmental samples is produced from RIPF. To ensure the safety of the residents, the radioactive concentration of $^{131}I$ near the RIPF was investigated by monitoring environmental samples along the Gap River. The selected geographical places are near the nuclear installation, another possible location for $^{131}I$ detection, and downstream of the Gap River. The first selected places are the "front gate of KAERI", and the "Donghwa bridge". The second selected place is the sewage treatment plant. Therefore, the Wonchon bridge is selected for the upstream of the plant and the sewage treatment plant is selected for the downstream of the plant. The last selected places are the downstream where the two paths converged, which is Yongshin bridge (in front of the cogeneration plant). In these places, environmental samples, including sediment, fish, surface water, and aquatic plants, were collected. In this study, the radioactive iodine ($^{131}I$) detection along the Gap River will be investigated.