• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.165.1-165.1
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• 2003

Transforming growth factor (TGF)-$\beta$, a hormonally active polypeptide found in normal and transformed tissue, is a potent regulator of cell growth and differentiation. In this study, we examined the effect of TGF-$\beta$ on invasion and motility of MCF10A human breast epithelial cells. TGF-$\beta$-induced migration and invasive phenotype of the parental MCF10A cells in a dose-dependent manner. Activity of MMP-2 promoter was increased by TGF-b, suggesting that the TGF-$\beta$-induced invasive phenotype may possibly be mediated by MMP-2 rather than MMP-9. (omitted)

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.166-171
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• 2008

LNG carrier is a special-purpose vessel to transport natural gas (NG) from the place of origin to each consuming country. To increase the capacity of canying LNG carrier, the natural gas is conveyed as a state of liquid called LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) during a voyage because the total volume of NG is surprisingly reduced when it is cooled down to $-162^{\circ}C$. That is why the design of insulation of the carriers is important to protect LNG from the external heat invasion, and it has been a great challenging subject for several decades in the shipbuilding industry. For this ultimate goal, the boil-off rate (BOR) needs to be accurately estimated during a voyage. Therefore, the goal of this study is to propose a numerical method for estimating the BOR of LNG for given insulation containment subject to external temperature conditions during voyage.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.325-332
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• 2020

Methyl linderone (ML), a cyclo-pentenedione, was isolated from the fruit of Lindera erythrocarpa Makino (family Lauraceae). This plant has well-known anti-inflammatory effects; however, the anti-cancer effects of ML have not yet been reported. Thus, in the present study we investigated the effects of ML on the metastasis of human breast cancer cells. We used 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-stimulated MCF-7 cells as the cell model to study the effects of ML on invasion and migration. ML was found to reduce the invasion and migration rate of TPA-stimulated MCF-7 cells. Moreover, it inhibited two metastasis-related factors, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and interleukin-8 (IL-8), at the mRNA and protein expression levels, in TPA-treated MCF-7 cells. The mechanism by which ML exerted these effects was through the inhibition of translocation of activator protein-1 (AP-1) and signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3), mediated via phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). Taken together, our findings indicated that ML attenuated the TPA-stimulated invasion and migration of MCF-7 cells by suppressing the phosphorylation of ERK and its downstream factors, AP-1 and STAT3. Therefore, ML is a potential agent for the treatment of breast cancer metastasis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.14-25
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was investigated to the change of vegetation coverage by elapsed years on the cut slope of forest road in Jinju-si. The results obtained could be summarized as follows; The plant coverage on the cut slope of forest road was decreased hastily in first and second year after seeding. The plant coverage on the cut slope of forest road was increased as growth of seed-sprayed from third year. But the plants were began to competition with between sprayed seeds and invaded plants from third to fifth year after seed-spray. The numbers of invading plants were gradually increased as 581 individuals from sixth year after seed-spray. The cut slopes of the forest roads turned to a good site condition for growing of invasion plants. And also the total coverage on cut slope of forest roads by invading of surrounding plants was increased more. It showed that plant invasion on cut-slopes of forest roads would be mostly influenced by surrounding plants. The number of surrounding plants on the cut-slopes of forest roads was 59 species, and the number of invading plants showed 65 species. The invading species were high in order of Boehmeria tricuspis, Oplismens undulatifolius, Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens, Erechtites hieracifolia and Artemisia princeps var. Orientalis In the stepwise regression analysis, main factors affecting the coverage of vegetation on the cut-slopes of forest road showed in order of elapsed years, gravel contents(30~50%), middle, sandy loam, sandy clay-loam, soil hardness, aspect(NS), concave(凹) type and gravel contents(15~30%).

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.30-45
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• 2021

Objectives: This study was performed to investigate the effects of pregnancy-related four herbal medicines (Samul-tang, Onkyung-tang, Chokyungjongok-tang and Moutan Radicis Cortex) on the endometrial and placental cells. Methods: In this study, we examined viability and decidualization of telomerase immortalized human endometrial stromal cell lines (T-HESCs) and viability and invasion ability of human first trimester trophoblast cell lines Sw.71 by four herbal medicines (Samul-tang, Onkyung-tang, Chokyungjongok-tang and Moutan Radicis Cortex) Results: In the study, we showed that Samul-tang, Onkyung-tang, Chokyungjongok-tang increased decidualization marker prolactin (PRL) and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1 (IGFBP1) in T-HESCs. Moutan Radicis Cortex decreased the mRNA level of PRL and IGFBP1, and the protein level of PRL and IGFBP1 had no significant effect. Moreover, four herbal medicines reduced invasion ability of Sw.71 cells. Conclusions: These results suggest that Samul-tang, Onkyung-tang, and Chokyungjongok-tang have beneficial effects on successful embryo implantation and pregnancy maintenance by increasing decidualization markers such as PRL and IGFBP1. Moutan Radicis Cortex reduces the mRNA levels of PRL and IGFBP1, which may adversely affect pregnancy. Further investigations are needed to elucidate the significance of the decreased invasive ability of Sw.71 cells induced by four herbal medications.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.39-48
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• 2014

The prevalence of thermophilic Campylobacter (C.) spp. in stray, breeding, and household dogs was 25.2, 12.0, and 8.8%, respectively. C. jejuni and C. upsaliensis were the predominant Campylobacter spp. from household dogs. cdtA, cdtB, and cdtC were detected by PCR in all isolates. Despite the high cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) gene prevalence, only 26 (31%) C. jejuni strains and one (15.3%) C. coli strain showed evidence of CDT production in HEp-2 cell cytotoxicity assays. Virulence-associated genes detected in the C. jejuni and C. coli isolates were cadF, dnaJ, flaA, racR, ciaB, iamA, pldA, virB11, ceuE, and docC. cadF, dnaJ, flaA, and ceuE were found in all C. jejuni and C. coli isolates. When detecting Guillain-Barr$\acute{e}$ syndrome-associated genes (galE, cgtB, and wlaN), galE was identified in all isolates. However, cgtB and wlaN were more prevalent in C. jejuni isolates from humans than those from dogs. Adherence and invasion abilities of the C. jejuni and C. coli strains were tested in INT-407 cells. A considerable correlation (adjusted $R^2$= 0.678) existed between adherence and invasion activities of the Campylobacter spp. isolates.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.63-74
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• 2023

In order to ensure safety to invasion of privacy, Federated Learning(FL) that learns using parameters is emerging. However a paper that leaks training data using gradients was recently published. Our paper implements an experiment to leak training data using gradients in a federated learning environment, and proposes a method to improve reconstruction performance by improving existing attacks that leak training data. Experiments using Yale face database B, MNIST dataset on the proposed method show that federated learning is not safe from invasion of privacy by reconstructing up to 100 data out of 100 training data when performance of federated learning is high at accuracy=99~100%. In addition, by comparing the performance (MSE, PSNR, SSIM) of pixels and the performance of identification by Human Test, we want to emphasize the importance of the performance of identification rather than the performance of pixels.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.1-13
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• 2017

The aim of this study is to investigate the demographical differences in technostressors(cause technological stresses). Although previous studies have been conducted to investigate the factors that affect technostress, little studies have examined the differences in demographic factors. Therefore, this study empirically attempts to investigate how level of technostressors differ by demographic factors. Independent sample t-test was used to identify differences after dividing sample into two groups. The technostressors used in this work are work overload, life invasion, complexity of technology, job insecurity, pace of technological change. We found that, sex and position show a significant difference in pace of technological change. In the educational level, there is a difference between work overload. Work overload, life invasion, complexity of technology, and pace of change show differences in age group. In computer knowledge, there are differences in complexity technology, job insecurity, and pace of change. On the other hand, there is no difference in computer using hours. Conclusions and implications are discussed in final section.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.203-211
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• 2012

Network security infrastructure is constantly developing based on the combination and blending of various types of devices. From the form of distributed control, the phased defense policy such as fire walls, virtual private communication network, invasion prevention system, invasion detection system, corporate security management, and TSM (Telebiometrics System Mechanism), now it consolidates security devices and solutions to be developed to the step of concentration and artificial intelligence. Therefore, this article suggests network security infrastructure design types concentrating security devices and solutions as platform types and provides network security infrastructure design selecting methodology, the foundational data to standardize platform design according to each situation so as to propose methodology that can realize and build the design which is readily applied and realized in the field and also can minimize the problems by controlling the interferences from invasion.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.261-272
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• 2021

With diffusion of Smart Work, a problem has been raised that Smart Work makes the boundary between work and nonwork blur, and may cause technostress. In order to find out whether Smart work copes with techno-invasion stress in work domain, we need to understand the precedence factors influencing on job satisfaction and the role of boundary management strategy which Smart Workers actively choose. This paper developed a research model containing a causal relationship among four factors, nonwork-to-work interference, job autonomy, job commitment, and job satisfaction, and the moderation effect of boundary management strategy. The findings show that overall hypotheses were accepted based on the pooled data, but three hypotheses test on job satisfaction by boundary management strategy type differed. These results suggest that in accordance with the boundary management strategy of Smart Work users, different change management need to be prepared.