• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.220-225
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• 2020

This paper investigates the non-intrusive speech intelligibility estimation method in noise environments when the bottleneck feature of autoencoder is used as an input to a neural network. The bottleneck feature-based method has the problem of severe performance degradation when the noise environment is changed. In order to overcome this problem, we propose a novel non-intrusive speech intelligibility estimation method that adds the noise environment information along with bottleneck feature to the input of long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network whose output is a short-time objective intelligence (STOI) score that is a standard tool for measuring intrusive speech intelligibility with reference speech signals. From the experiments in various noise environments, the proposed method showed improved performance when the noise environment is same. In particular, the performance was significant improved compared to that of the conventional methods in different environments. Therefore, we can conclude that the method proposed in this paper can be successfully used for estimating non-intrusive speech intelligibility in various noise environments.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2005년도 추계종합학술대회
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• pp.489-492
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• 2005

Even though the blood pressure is one of the most widely used index for the healthcare monitoring of hypertensive and normotensive persons, there is no non-intrusive measurement method which is commercialized until now. Pulse Arrival Time (PAT) is known that it has close relation with the systolic blood pressure (SBP) and arterial stiffness. In this study, SBP estimation methods by non-intrusive measurement of PAT are suggested. For the unconstrained measurement of PAT, the first method used the electrically non contact electrocardiogram (ENC-ECG) technique and the reflective type of Photoplethysmography (PPG) sensor on the computer mouse. In the second method, ENC-ECG and the air pressure sensor in the seat cushion on a chair were measured. The third method used ECG electrodes and PPG sensors on the toilet seat cover. The validation and regression analysis of the relationship of PAT and SBP are summarized. These methods have considerable errors to be used for all people. But these can be applied for each subject after the parameter customization within acceptable error. So, it is feasible for suggested methods to be used for monitoring of SBP in daily life in non-intrusive way when there is personal identification system of each subject.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제23권7호
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• pp.1223-1232
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• 2014

Density currents have been easily observed in environmental flows, for instance turbidity currents and pollutant plumes in the oceans and rivers. In this study, we explored the propagation dynamics of density currents using the FLOW-3D computational fluid dynamics code. The renormalization group (RNG) $k-{\varepsilon}$ scheme, a turbulence numerical technique, is employed in a Reynold-averaged Navier-Stokes framework (RANS). The numerical simulations focused on two different types of intrusive density flows: (1) propagating into a two-layer ambient fluid; (2) propagating into a linearly stratified fluid. In the study of intrusive density flows into a two-layer ambient fluid, intrusive speeds were compared with laboratory experiments and analytical solutions. The numerical model shows good quantitative agreement for predicting propagation speed of the density currents. We also numerically reproduced the effect of the ratio of current depth to the overall depth of fluid. The numerical model provided excellent agreement with the analytical values. It was also clearly demonstrated that RNG $k-{\varepsilon}$ scheme within RANS framework is able to accurately simulate the dynamics of density currents. Simulations intruding into a continuously stratified fluid with the various buoyancy frequencies are carried out. These simulations demonstrate that three different propagation patterns can be developed according to the value of $h_n/H$ : (1) underflows developed with $h_n/H=0$ ; (2) overflows developed when $h_n/H=1$ ; (3) intrusive interflow occurred with the condition of 0 < $h_n/H$ < 1.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.26-30
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• 2019

This paper proposes a new voice activity detection (VAD) method which is based on SNR and non-intrusive speech intelligibility estimation. In the conventional SNR-based VAD methods, voice activity probability is obtained by estimating frame-wise SNR at each spectral component. However these methods lack performance in various noisy environments. We devise a hybrid VAD method that uses non-intrusive speech intelligibility estimation as well as SNR estimation, where the speech intelligibility score is estimated based on deep neural network. In order to train model parameters of deep neural network, we use MFCC vector and the intrusive speech intelligibility score, STOI (Short-Time Objective Intelligent Measure), as input and output, respectively. We developed speech presence measure to classify each noisy frame as voice or non-voice by calculating the weighted average of the estimated STOI value and the conventional SNR-based VAD value at each frame. Experimental results show that the proposed method has better performance than the conventional VAD method in various noisy environments, especially when the SNR is very low.

• 융합신호처리학회논문지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.104-109
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• 2018

심전도와 심탄도를 무구속적으로 동시에 측정하는 시스템을 개발하였다. 제안된 시스템은 의자의 보조 등받이에 설치되어 맥파전달시간(PAT), Pre-ejection period (PEP) 등의 심혈관계 역학 정보를 일상생활에서 무구속적으로 측정하는 것을 목적으로 개발되었다. 본 연구에서는, 의자의 등받이에 부착된 용량성 능동전극과 용량성 접지를 이용한 간접접촉 심전도 (IDC-ECG) 측정 방법에 의해 무구속적으로 심전도를 측정하였으며, 등받이에 부착된 EMFi 압력 센서를 사용하여 무구속적으로 심탄도(ballistocardiogram)를 측정하였다. 제안된 시스템으로 심전도와 심탄도가 무구속적으로 동시에 측정됨을 확인하였으며, 측정된 심탄도는 피검자 사이에서 일정한 패턴을 보이는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 심전도의 Q파와 심탄도의 첫 번째 첨두간의 시간차가 pre-ejection period와 높은 상관관계를 보이는 것도 확인할 수 있었다. 이 연구에서 개발된 시스템은 심혈관계의 다양한 지표(심전도, 심박수, PAT, PEP 등)를 무구속적으로 일상생활에서 측정할 수 있음을 보였다.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.97-106
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• 1987

The geology of the Bupyeong mine area is consisted of Precambrian Gyeonggi gneiss complex and Mesozoic igneous rocks; i.e., pyroclastic rocks, intrusive breccia, granite and felsic porphyries which were formed during a Jurassic to early Cretaceous resurgent caldera evolution. Granites are not observed on the surface and in the underground of the mine. Bupyeong silver deposits occur as stockworks of base metal sulfides- minor silver minerals-quartz - carbonate veinlets, hosted by pyroclastic rocks and intrusive breccia at the southwestern margin of the caldera. Silver occurs mainly as native silver, and other silver minerals, minor in quantity, are argentite, tetrahedrite-freibergite, pyrargyrite, polybasite, canfieldite and dyscrasite. The average grade of silver ore is about 180g/t Ag. Discrimination of silver ore from the country rocks depends largely on the chemical analyses of rock samples taken every two meters from tunnels, diamond-drilling cores and mining stopes, because silver minerals are hardly observed in the ore by crude eye, and silver orebodies do not properly coincide with the concentrated zone of base metal sulfides which were precipitated at the earlier stage than the stage of precipitation of native silver. General characteristics of the loci of the silver orebodies are as follows; (1) The host rocks of orebodies are pyroclastic rocks and intrusive breccia. (2) Many of the orebodies are distributed around Gyeonggi gneiss complex. Especially where the paleotopography of gneiss complex shows a gradual slope, the basal stratigraphic horizon of the pyroclastic rocks unconformably overlying the gneiss complex offered a favorable loci of high grade ore. (3) $N5^{\circ}W$ to $N15^{\circ}$ E-striking faults played an important role in the localization of the orebodies. (4) Conduits of intrusive breccia within the gneiss complex, through which the intrusive breccia intruded into the upper pyroclastic rocks, exist beneath most of the main orebodies. This suggests that the conduits of intrusive breccia served as channelways for the migration of ore fluids.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.399-405
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• 2003

빠르며 정확하고 안전한 치아이동을 목표로 삼고 있는 교정치료에서 새로운 패러다임이라고 여겨지는 피질골 절제술과 견인 골형성술을 응용한 치아이동에 대하여 알아보았다. 일반적인 방법으로는 어렵거나 불가능하다고 여겨지는 치아의 함입 이동을 피질골 절제술과 견인 골형성술을 응용하여 도모하였다. 전치군 및 구치군 각각의 함입 이동 증례를 통해 피질골 절제술과 견인 골형성술의 적용 술식, 견인장치 등을 논하고 그 효과를 파악하였다. 빠른 치아이동과 이에 따른 교정치료 기간의 감소가 가능하고 기존의 교정치료로는 어려웠던 치아이동을 도모할 수 있었으며 무리한 치아이동 시 발생할 수 있는 치근 흡수나 치주조직의 파괴 같은 부작용도 줄일 수 있었다.

• 한국소프트웨어감정평가학회 논문지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.45-53
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• 2020

본 논문에서는 웹 페이지 탐색 시 지속해서 발생하는 사용자 상호작용 과정을 이용하여 시선 검출을 위한 캘리브레이션 데이터를 획득하고, 사용자의 시선을 검출하는 동안 자연스럽게 캘리브레이션을 수행하는 방법에 관하여 기술하였다. 제안된 비강압식 캘리브레이션은 획득한 캘리브레이션 데이터를 이용하여 미리 학습된 시선 검출 CNN 모델을 새로운 사용자에 적응하도록 보정하는 과정이다. 이를 위해 훈련을 통해서 시선을 검출하는 일반화된 모델을 만들고 캘리브레이션에서는 온라인 학습 과정을 통해 빠르게 새로운 사용자에 적응하도록 하였다. 실험을 통하여 다양한 사용자 상호작용의 조합으로 시선 검출 모델을 캘리브레이션 하여 성능을 비교하였으며, 기존 방법 대비 개선된 정확도를 얻을 수 있었다.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.669-688
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• 1999

The Yeongju granitoid batholith is a plutonic complex of huge area (1180km2) intruding the metamorphic rocks of the Yeongnam massif. The batholith, which is divided into fivelithofacies, consists of three separate plutons. The oldest Buseok pluton comprises four lithofacies: hornblende biotite tonalite, porphyrotoc biotite granodiorite, equigranular biotite grandiorite and biotite granite. The middle Chunyang pluton has been called as Chunyang granite that ranges in compostion from granodiorite to granite. The youngest Jangsu pluton is intrusions that has lithofacies of two mica granite. The contact between Buseok pluton and the rest two plutons shows obvious intrusive relations, but relation between the Chunyang and the Jangsu pluton is far away, so gives no indication of relative ages. Changes in nextures and micristructures, as well as in the mineral contents, take place between rock types og the plutons. only the Buseok pluton shows faliations of two type: magmatic foliation and regional mylonal foliation. K-Ar age deteminations fall into 171.7$\pm$3.2~162.3$\pm$3.1 Ma in the Buseok pluton, 153.9$\pm$2.9 Ma in the Chunyang pluton and 145.3$\pm$2.7 Ma in the jangsu Pluton. The batholith presents three separate intrusive phases which range in composition from tonalite to granite to granite. Each intrusive phase apperars to have been intruded in a pulse from an underlying, differentiating magma. The petrochemical data showthat three plutons are within the diagnostic range for continental arc orogenic tectonic setting, whereas Jangsu pluton approaches postorogenic setting. The data suggest that three plutons are calc-aclkalline series, and that temporal compositional variations change progerssively from tonalite through grandiorite to granite between the intrusive phases. so we consider that the magmas for all the phases were probably derived from a differentiation by fractional crystallization of a parental magma. The tonalite magma of the Buseok phase was tapped was tapped from a chamber deep in the crust, and then would have to rise at a rapid rate to its final level of emplacement. The tonalite magma in the chamber was gradually enolved through granodiorite magma into granite magma by fractional crystallization. The magmas of the younger phases were respectively tapped with temporal interval from a evolved magma of the chamber that rose into a shallower lever in the crust, and rose to their present level of emplacement.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2015

매설형 검지기는 검지 성능이 타 검지기에 비해 우수하지만, 설치 및 관리비용이 클 뿐 아니라 도로의 재포장이나 도로파손으로 인해 수명이 짧다는 단점이 있다. 이에 반해 기존 지주에 부착하여 사용하는 검지시스템인 비매설형검지기는 도로 노면을 손상시키지 않기 때문에 설치가 쉽고, 유지관리비용이 적다는 장점이 있다. 비매설식 검지기는 이러한 장점에도 불구하고, 검지 성능이 낮아 아직까지 신호제어용으로 사용하지 못하는 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 비매설형검지기 중에 정확도가 가장 높은 FMCW 방식의 레이더에 대해 성능평가를 수행하고, 신호제어용 검지용도별로 현장적용 유/무 결과를 제시하였다.