• 대한치과마취과학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.15-20
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• 2002

Intravenous anesthesia was compared with inhalation anesthesia in 20 patients of oral and maxillofacial surgery. The patients were randomly assigned to two treatment groups so that 20 patients were injected ketamine and propofol and 20 patients were administered enflurane. The hemodynamic responses of patients and recovery profile of the two groups were compared. Intravenous anesthesia group awoke significantly faster than inhalation anesthesia after operation. Time to full recovery in intravenous anesthesia group was significantly shorter than that of inhalation anesthesia group. We conclude that intravenous anesthesia is a practical technique for oral and maxillofacial surgery patients and intravenous anesthesia may be more preferable because of the significant shortness of recovery time.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.291-295
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• 1998

Intravenous anesthesia was compared with inhalation anesthesia in 20 patients of oral and maxillofacial surgery. The patients were randomly assigned to study in two treatment groups. 20 patients were injected ketamine and propofol. 20 patients were administered Enflurane. The respond of patients consciousness and general recovery condition of the two groups were compared. Intravenous anesthesia group were awake significantly faster without complications such as nause, vomiting, and agitation after operation than inhalation anesthesia group. Full recovery time of intravenous anesthesia group was significantly 3 times less than inhalation anesthesia group. The authors conclude that intravenous anesthesia is a practical technique for oral and maxillofacial surgery patients undergoing and may be preferable to intravenous anesthesia because of the significantly short of recovery time without complications.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.56-61
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• 1998

A retrograde intravenous regional anesthesia was applied to the extremities of 30 cows, which was showed that mean value of induction time was 13.5 seconds, duration time 74.4 minutes, frequency of injection until to keep needle into the vein 1.27, and didn't observed local and systemic complications. Under the retrograde intravenous regional anesthesia, it was possible for surgical treatment of 20 cows with various foot disorders, to resect soft tissues of extremities and claw horns, to sexarticulate 2nd phalanx without pain reactions.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.28-39
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• 2013

전신마취 및 진정법은 소아 및 장애인에게 성공적 치과치료를 위해서 필수불가결하다. 이 연구의 목적은 충남장애인구강진료센터에 치과치료를 위해 시행된 전신마취와 진정법의 실태를 평가하기 위함이다. 2011년 1월부터 2012년 9월까지 전신마취, 세보플루란진정 및 정주진정을 받은 소아와 장애인 426명을 대상으로 조사분석하였으며 389명이 전신마취, 20명이 세보플루란진정 그리고 17명이 정주진정하에서 치과진료를 받았다. 전신마취의 비율이 두 진정법에 비해 높았다. 세보플루란진정은 소아환자의 외상처럼 짧고 간단한 치료에 유용하게 사용되었다. 정주진정은 공포와 불안을 가진 치과적장애환자에게 선택되었다. 세보플루란과 정주진정은 점차적으로 전신마취의 사용을 줄이고 치과적장애환자를 위한 유용한 방법이었다.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.271-280
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• 2017

Background: The number of patients with Alzheimer's disease is growing worldwide, and the proportion of patients requiring dental treatment under general anesthesia increases with increasing severity of the disease. However, outpatient anesthesia management for these patients involves great risks, as most patients with Alzheimer's disease are old and may show reduced cardiopulmonary functions and have cognitive disorders. Methods: This study retrospectively investigated 43 patients with Alzheimer's disease who received outpatient anesthesia for dental treatment between 2012-2017. Pre-anesthesia patient evaluation, dental treatment details, anesthetics dose, blood pressure, duration and procedure of anesthesia, and post-recovery management were analyzed and compared between patients who underwent general anesthesia or intravenous sedation. Results: Mean age of patients was about 70 years; mean duration of Alzheimer's disease since diagnosis was 6.3 years. Severity was assessed using the global deterioration scale; 62.8% of patients were in level ${\geq}6$. Mean duration of anesthesia was 178 minutes for general anesthesia and 85 minutes for intravenous sedation. Mean recovery time was 65 minutes. Eleven patients underwent intravenous sedation using propofol, and 22/32 cases involved total intravenous anesthesia using propofol and remifentanil. Anesthesia was maintained with desflurane for other patients. While maintaining anesthesia, inotropic and atropine were used for eight and four patients, respectively. No patient developed postoperative delirium. All patients were discharged without complications. Conclusion: With appropriate anesthetic management, outpatient anesthesia was successfully performed without complications for dental treatment for patients with severe Alzheimer's disease.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.89-94
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• 2016

Anxiety and phobia in dental procedures are common deterrents for patients visiting the dental care unit. For these individuals, procedural sedation may aid in completion of dental treatments. In most cases, the patients are conscious during sedation, thereby allowing spontaneous ventilation. Intravenous sedation (IVS) is widely used during dental treatment to relieve patient anxiety. IVS is the most effective route of administration to achieve this goal, but it requires advanced training, more than that provided during undergraduate education. During IVS, rapid onset, repetitive drug administration, easy titration, and rapid recovery from sedation can be achieved. However, conscious sedation during IVS can result in deep sedation that can cause respiratory and cardiovascular depression. Therefore, the characteristics of intravenous sedatives should be known. The purpose of this review is to discuss the characteristics and usage of intravenous sedatives currently used for dental procedures.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.81-91
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• 1991

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of intravenous drip with ketamine hydrochloride and its application for control depth and maintenance of anesthesia in dogs. Changes of blood pressure, vital signs, blood gas and anesthetic state were observed in this study. The obtained were summerized as follows ; 1. Changes of blood pressure and heart rate after intravenous drip anesthesia with ketamine hydrochloride were observed with significant increase in all group ; group II (0.135m81k9/min), group III (0.269mg/kg/min) and group IV(0.538mg/kg/min). These conditions were maintained unchangeably until 160 minutes after administration in all group. This may be indicated that there were no side effects on account of ketamine accumulation. 2. There were irregular respiration, pain reflex, Jaw tone reflex and vomition probability in the anesthetic conditions of group II The anesthetic conditions of group III were rarely shown as mentioned above. Awakening time and recovery time of group H were more prolonged 21 minutes and 27 minutes respectively than those of group III. These experimental data suggested that the optimal dosage of intravenous drip anesthesia of ketamine Hcl was 0.269mg/kg/min.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.181-185
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• 2001

Background: Bradycardia frequently occurs in intravenous anesthesia with propofol. Additionally, the thoracic sympathetic nerves influence the heart so that the heart rate (HR) and blood pressure are expected to decrease due to this procedure. Therefore, we measured changes in HR, mean arterial pressure (MAP) and both thumb temperatures before and after thoracic sympathicotomy under total intravenous anesthesia with propofol. Methods: The subjects included 21 outpatients of ASA class I who received thoracoscopic thoracic sympathicotomy under total intravenous anesthesia. Anesthesia was induced with propofol (2 mg/kg) and vecuronium (0.1 mg/kg) and maintained with propofol-fentanyl-oxygen (100%). The surgical procedure was performed at the T3 level in the order of left sympathicotomy (LST) and right sympathicotomy (RST). Measurements of HR, MAP and both thumb temperatures were taken before induction of anesthesia, before and after LST and RST, and 1 hour after the completion of anesthesia. Additionally, the time to the beginning of a rise in temperature in both thumbs after sympathicotomy was recorded. Results: HR did not show any significant difference before or after sympathicotomy, however it decreased at 1 hour after the completion of anesthesia. MAP decreased after LST and decreased further after RST. Left thumb temperature began to increase at $45.8{\pm}10.7$ seconds after LST. Right thumb temperature initially decreased after LST and increased from $45.2{\pm}11.8$ seconds after RST. Subsequently, both increased temperatures were maintained at 1 hour after the completion of anesthesia. Conclusions: Although HR and MAP decreased, there were no severe hemodynamic changes. An increase in the thumb temperature was confirmed within 1 minute after sympathicotomy on the same side.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.37-50
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• 1962

Ten calves were subjected to general anesthesia with ten percent chlooral hydrate solution. The drug was administered by the method of slow intravenous injection so as to have a better control over the dosage and time until deep anesthesia was attained. Although one of ten calves failed to produce anesthesia, the remainder of nine responded satisfactorily with deep anesthesia. The dosage required averaged as great as 17.5gm per calf, and the time 23 minutes. In view of these advantages indicated in the results, further studies on the use of intravenous chloral hydrate for deep anesthesia in bovine species are to be justifiable.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.259-263
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• 2005

To compare cardiopulmonary effects and recovery between total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) with propofol (PRO group, n=5) and volatile induction/maintenance anesthesia (VIMA) with isoflurane (ISO group, n=5), we investigated changes of heart rate, $SpO_2$, arterial pressure, rectal temperature and respiratory rate during 60 minute anesthesia and 40 minute recovery period in beagle dogs, and investigated recovery (extubation, head lift, sternal position and righting) after 60 minute anesthesia. Rectal temperature was significantly low in ISO group (p<0.05) from 10 to 100 minute. Heart rate was significantly low in ISO group (p<0.05) at 40, 50, 60 minute. Respiratory rate was significantly low in PRO group (p<0.05) at induction and 70 minute. $SpO_2$ tendency was similar. Systolic arterial pressure (SAP) was significantly low in ISO group (p<0.05) at induction and during anesthesia. Recovery was similar in two groups. We concluded that TIVA with propofol is useful in stabilizing rectal temperature and arterial pressure during anesthesia and provide fast and stable recovery.