• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.171-179
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• 2015

Objective: To compare dentoalveolar and skeletal changes produced by the pendulum appliance (PA) and the distal screw appliance (DS) in Class II patients. Methods: Forty-three patients (19 men, 24 women) with Class II malocclusion were retrospectively selected for the study. Twenty-four patients (mean age, $12.2{\pm}1.5years$) were treated with the PA, and 19 patients (mean age, $11.3{\pm}1.9years$) were treated with the DS. The mean distalization time was 7 months for the PA group and 9 months for the DS group. Lateral cephalograms were obtained at T1, before treatment, and at T2, the end of distalization. A Mann-Whitney U test was used for statistical comparisons of the two groups between T1 and T2. Results: PA and DS were equally effective in distalizing maxillary molars (4.7 mm and 4.2 mm, respectively) between T1 and T2; however, the maxillary first molars showed less distal tipping in the DS group than in the PA group ($3.2^{\circ}$ vs. $9.0^{\circ}$, respectively). Moreover, significant premolar anchorage loss (2.7 mm) and incisor proclination ($5.0^{\circ}$) were noted in the PA group, whereas premolar distal movement (1.9 mm) and no significant changes at the incisor ($0.1^{\circ}$) were observed in the DS group. No significant sagittal or vertical skeletal changes were detected between the two groups during the distalization phase. Conclusions: PA and DS seem to be equally effective in distalizing maxillary molars; however, greater distal molar tipping and premolar anchorage loss can be expected using PA.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.164-171
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• 2014

Objectives: Designing in situ models for caries research is a demanding procedure, as both clinical and laboratory parameters need to be incorporated in a single study. This study aimed to construct an informative guideline for planning in situ models relevant to preexisting caries studies. Materials and Methods: An electronic literature search of the PubMed database was performed. A total 191 of full articles written in English were included and data were extracted from materials and methods. Multiple variables were analyzed in relation to the publication types, participant characteristics, specimen and appliance factors, and other conditions. Frequencies and percentages were displayed to summarize the data and the Pearson's chi-square test was used to assess a statistical significance (p < 0.05). Results: There were many parameters commonly included in the majority of in situ models such as inclusion criteria, sample sizes, sample allocation methods, tooth types, intraoral appliance types, sterilization methods, study periods, outcome measures, experimental interventions, etc. Interrelationships existed between the main research topics and some parameters (outcome measures and sample allocation methods) among the evaluated articles. Conclusions: It will be possible to establish standardized in situ protocols according to the research topics. Furthermore, data collaboration from comparable studies would be enhanced by homogeneous study designs.

• Korean Journal of Cleft Lip And Palate
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• v.14 no.1_2
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• pp.19-28
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• 2011

Maxillary anterior segmental distraction osteogenesis (DO) has been the alternative treatment option for patients with midfacial retrusion. The patient showed unilateral cleft lip and palate, and premaxillary distraction with rigid external device (RED) was planned to solve midface deficiency and to create alveolar space. Significant advancement of A point was observed, but relapse of A point was detected during consolidation period. The vertical position of the ANS was found to have moved downward. Axis of upper incisor decreased after DO. Maxillary anterior segmental DO is effective for treatment of patient with cleft lip and palate. The alveolar space is regained successfully, and the facial profile is improved without velopharyngeal problems.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.399-406
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• 2006

Purpose: The authors accessed the anthropometric measurements of fourty non-cleft normal a three-month-old infant and using this obtained data as a basic guideline, authors applied the modified Noordhoff technique for the treatment of bilateral cleft lip. Methods: Over a period of 10 years, a total of 21 bilateral cleft lips were operated. 13 cases of complete and 8 cases of incomplete bilateral cleft lip and palate. In the complete type of bilateral cleft palate, elastic head cap and passive intraoral appliance were applied at 1 to 2 week of age for 2 months duration. The definitive cheiloplasty was performed at 3 months of age using the modified Noordhoff technique. Results: After a follow-up period ranging one to nine years, most patients presented with cosmetically and functionally satisfying results, with an exception of two cases where an undesired peaking effect of the vermilion and dimpling of the vermilion mucosa was encountered. Conclusion: Accessing the anthropometric measurements of fourty non-cleft normal three-month-old infant and using this obtained dara as a guideline, the modified Noordhoff technique can be applied to either complete or incomplete bilaterally cleft lip providing more naturally pleasing and cosmetically satisfying scars that lie in harmony with the philtral ridges, lip tubercle positioned just below the vermilion and a distinct white line and Cupid's bow.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.568-573
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• 2002

The purpose of study was to investigate the caries activity factors of children during orthodontic treatment. Fifty children with fixed or removable intraoral orthodontic appliances were examined for their Cariostat caries activity test scores, gender, age, duration of treatment, appliance type, treatment site, Angle's classification of malocclusion, and the number of teeth with caries experience. The mean age of the high caries activity group was significantly higher than that of the low caries activity group(P<0.01). The duration of treatment of the high caries activity group was longer than that of the low caries activity group, but the difference was not significant(P>0.05). The fixed appliance group showed higher caries activity than the removable appliance group(P<0.01). The caries activity of Angle Class III group was lower than that of Angle Class I group, not significant statistically(P>0.05). The number of teeth with caries experience in the high caries activity group was lower than that in the low caries activity group, not significant statistically(P>0.05).

• The Journal of Korea Assosiation for Disability and Oral Health
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.10-14
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• 2012

Self-injurious behavior (SIB) has been defined as the deliberate destruction or alteration of body tissue without conscious suicidal intent. It occurs in conjunction with a variety of psychiatric disorders as well as various developmental disabilities and some syndromes. The behavior is destructive and causes concern and distress to all involved in the care and treatment of the affected individual. A 13-year-old girl with autism, mental retardation and delayed development was reffered from her pediatrician because of severe and painful lower lip biting. An intraoral examination revealed a diffuse swelling of lower lip. It was covered with necrotic slough and the ulcer and scarring of the lower lip was observed. We chose to use an oral removable prosthesis for Conservative treatment. It was decided to use a soft silicone mouthguard in the maxillary arch. Initially, she could not tolerate the appliance inside her mouth but soon adapted with the appliance. After one month, she lost the mouth guard and started lip biting. So we made mouth guard again. There are no standard methods for preventing self-injurious behavior in a patient who is developmentally disabled. Appropriate preventive methods must be developed for each individual patient based on close observation and clinical findings. Behavior modification techniques, pharmacological treatment, extraction of teeth, orthognathic surgery and intra/extra oral appliances can be performed for adjust self-injurious behavior. A suitable oral guard could be tried initially before employing more invasive approaches.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.62-67
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• 2011

Early eruption refers to an accelerated eruption of a tooth beyond the normal eruption period. The clinical findings of an early erupted tooth with little formation of crown and/or root include severe mobility, pain on chewing, hypocalcification of the enamel, and inclination, displacement, and rotation of the tooth. The radiographic findings include underdeveloped root and insufficient bone support. Early eruption of a permanent tooth can cause several complications such as chronic trauma, pain, edema, an increased rate of premolar impaction and tooth displacement and/or rotation. Therefore, when a permanent tooth erupts earlier than its normal eruption period with accompanying symptoms, appropriate treatments should be done as soon as possible. A female patient of age 7 without any systemic disease was referred from a local dental clinic with chief complaint of severe mobilities and pain in both upper first premolars. According to the clinical and radiographic examinations, the permanent teeth erupted earlier with barely formed roots, severe mobilities, edema, and pain. This case is to report the successful accomplishment of root formations and stabilization of teeth after applying intraoral fixed appliances using bands and spurs for 14 months.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.109-118
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• 2012

This experimental study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of polyvinylpyrrolidone-sodium hyaluronate(Aloclair$^{TM}$) in decreasing pain in orthodontic procedures. A total of 60 patients who were use Aloclair$^{TM}$ ordered to were included. These patients were categorized by 3 cases; 1. Patients who were bonded with their first brackets. 2. Patients who were in pain with additional appliance such as anchorage devices. 3. Patients who got ulcer caused by appliances. We collected information about pain and assessed it using visual analogue scale. According to questionnaire, it took 3.5 min. for pain to subside and pair relief durated for 2.7 hours. Most patients in the study reported rapid pain relief and found Aloclair$^{TM}$ easy and pleasant to use than wax. Accordingly Aloclair$^{TM}$ provided raid relief of resting and provoked ulcer pain.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.15-24
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• 1984

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of O.M.A on Angle's class III malocclusion. The author analysed the data obtained from pre- and post-treatment lateral cephalograms. The results obtained were as follows : 1. Forward growth of maxillary complex was accomplished. 2. The mandible showed few morphological changes in the presence of downward and backward swing. 3. It was assumed that the hooks attached to the intraoral appliance should be placed as far frontally as possibie. 4. Relations of the upper and lower jaws were improved resulting in better facial profiles.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.69-80
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• 1999

OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to measure the minimal cross-sectional areas and volumes of the pharynx in snoring patients and normal subjects and to see if there is an increase in the minimal cross-sectional areas and volumes of the pharynx with advancement of the mandible. METHODS: The pharyngeal computed tomography and 3-dimensional reconstruction were used to measure the cross-sectional areas and volumes of the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and hypopharynx with the jaw in normal position and in protrusive position in 7 patients with snoring and 7 control subjects while they were awake. RESULTS: The oropharynx was revealed to have the most narrow site in the pharynx and there was a tendency for the snorers to have a smaller nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal cross-sectional area than normal subjects but not statistically significant. There were no significant differences in the volumes of the nasopharynx and oropharynx between the two groups. With advancement of the jaw the minimal cross-sectional area of oropharynx was significantly increased, and the volume was also increased but not significantly. The minimal cross-sectional areas and volumes of nasopharynx as well as hypopharynx were not significantly influenced by the advancement of the mandible. CONCLUSIONS: There was a tendency for snorers to have a smaller oropharynx than normal subjects and the oropharyngeal lumen was increased with the advancement of the mandible in both snorers and normal subjects.