• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2007

Tapering enteroplasty was first described by Thomas in 1969 as one method of intestinal anastomosis. The advantages of tapering enteroplasty in the intestinal atresia are: First, it makes end-to-end anastomosis possible between the atretic bowel ends with considerable differences in diameters. Second, it promotes the recover of the postoperative bowel function. Third, it prevents the possibility of the short bowel syndrome by eliminating the need of resecting the dilated bowel. A total of 22 patients with intestinal atresia who underwent tapering enteroplasty from January 1988 to December 2005 at our institute were reviewed. In 3 of 22 cases, tapering enteroplasty was the $2^{nd}$ operation after an initial end-to-oblique anastomosis. We reviewed the following items: age, sex, type and location of intestinal atresia, initial feeding and total enteral feeding start day, the length of hospital stay and complications. The average age of the patients was 7 days. Male to female ratio was 1 to 1.2 (10 cases: 12 cases). We performed the tapering enteroplasty on all types and locations of the intestinal atresia from the duodenum to the colon: type I (n=3), type II (n=4), type IIIA (n=7), type IIIB (n=5), type IIIB and IV (n=1), type IV (n=1) and type C (duodenum) and type IIIB and IV (jejunum). On the average, the oral feeds were started on the postoperative $8.8^{th}$ day, and full caloric intake via the enteric route was achieved on postoperative $13.3^{th}$ day. The average length of hospital stay was 19.6 days. There were 1 case (4.5 %) of anastomotic complication and 2 cases (9 %) of adhesive ileus among 22 patients. The tapering enteroplasty on all types of intestinal atresia is a usefull operative method when there are considerable diameter differences between the atretic bowel ends.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.117-125
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• 1997

Seventy neonates with congenital intestinal atresia and stenosis who were treated at pediatric surgical service. Hanyang University Hospital from September 1979 to December 1996 were analyzed retrospectively. The lesion occurred in 27 cases at the duodenum, in 26 cases at the jeiunum, in 13 cases at the ileum and in 2 cases at the pylorus and colon each. There were 10 multiple atresias and 7 apple-peel anomaly cases. The atresia predominated over the stenosis by the ratio of 4 : 1. Male to female ratio was 1.3 : 1. The average gestational age was 38 weeks, and the average birth weight was 2,754 grams. Though 22.9 % were borne prematurely and 34.3 % had low birth weight, 92.3 % of them had a weight appropriate for gestational age. Polyhydramnios(40 %) was more frequently observed in duodenal and jeiunal atresia while microcolon in ileal atresia(58.3 %). Weight loss and electrolyte imbalance occurred more frequently in the duodenal stenosis cases because of delayed diagnosis. Twenty(55.6 %) of 37 jeiunoileal atresia cases had evidence of intrauterine vascular accident : 4 intrauterine intussusception, 3 intrauterine volvulus and 3 strangulated intestine in gastroschisis, and 10 cases of intrauterine peritonitis. There were one or more associated anomalies in 45 patients (64.3 %). Preoperatively proximal loop volvulus developed in 3 cases and proximal loop perforation in 5 cases and one case each of distal loop perforation, duodenal perforation and midgut volvulus occurred in the jeiunoileal atresia. Overall mortality rate was 20 %.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.357-363
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• 1994

1990년 1월부터 1992년 12월까지 서울대학교병원 소아과 및 소아외과에 황달을 주소로 입원하여 원인이 규명되었던 70명의 환아들에서 $^{99m}Tc$-DISIDA 신티그라피와 초음파검사를 실시하여 다음과 같은 성적을 얻었다. 1) 선천성 담도폐쇄증 30명 전예에서 소장방사능이 관찰되지 않았고 신생아간염 40명 중 31예에서 소장 방사능이 관찰되어 소장방사능의 유무에 따른 선천성 담도폐쇄증의 진단은 예민도 100% 특이도 78%, 정확도는 87%이었다. 2) 소장방사능이 관찰되지 않았던 환아에서 간정체 지표는 선천성 담토폐쇄증 16예가 $1.5{\pm}0.6$으로 신생아간염 7예의 $1.2{\pm}0.2$보다 높았고(p<0.05), 신생아간염의 간정체지표의 2표준편차 상한값인 1.5보다 높은 간정체지표를 보인 경우는 7예로 모두 선천성 담도폐쇄증이었다. 그러나 간정체지표가 1.5 이하인 16명중 9예는 선천성 담도폐쇄증, 7예는 신생아간염으로 이들에서는 간정체지표로 구별되지 않았다. 3) 간기능장애를 나타내는 요소를 분석하였을 때 간섭취도는 선천성 담도폐쇄증과 신생아간염에서 유의한 차이가 없었다. 연령과 간섭취지표는 일정한 상관관계가 없었고 총 빌리루빈치와 간섭취지표는 간섭취도가 정상인 환아의 총빌리루빈치가 상대적으로 낮다는 소견 이외에는 일정한 상관관계가 없었다. 신생아간염에서 소장방사능이 보이는 31예의 연령이 $2.1{\pm}0.7$ 개월로 보이지 않는 9예의 연령평균 $1.7{\pm}0.5$개월 보다 많았다(P<0.01). 4) 간섭취지표와 간정체지표와의 관계는, 간섭취지표가 높을 때 즉 간기능 저하가 심할 때 간정체지표가 높으면 즉 간섭취에이은 간정체가 일정이상 수준이면 신생아간염보다 선천성 담도폐쇄증일 가능성이 높았다. 이상의 결과로 연령이 증가하면 선천성 담도폐쇄증환아의 간기능이상은 진행하지만 신생아간염환아의 간기능장애의 정도는 연령과 무관하여, 간섭취지표로 기능을 평가하고 간정체지표로 판독하면 선천성 담도폐쇄증을 감별할 수 있다고 생각하였다. 그러나 간기능저하가 가볍고 간정체지표가 좋지 않을 때에는 역시 구별되지 않아 다른 검사결과를 참조한 임상판단에 의존하여야 할 것이며 수술적 간담도 조영술의 대상 예로 삼아야 한다고 생각하였다. 이 연구의 결과를 통하여 신생아에서 발생하는 황달의 원인을 규명하는데, $^{99m}Tc$-DISIDA 신티그라피가 유용한 검사법이며, 소장방사능이 관찰되지 않는 경우에는 간정체지표와 간섭취지표와의 관계를 고려하여 간섭취지표보다 간정체지표가 상대적으로 좋을 경우 선천성 담도폐쇄증의 가능성이 높아 감별에 도움되는 소견으로 사용할 수 있을 것으로 생각하였다.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.99-106
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• 2004

1994년 1월부터 2003년 6월까지 경북대학교 의과대학 외과학 교실에서 경험한 선천성 장폐쇄증 환자 36명을 대상으로 재태기간과 출생시 체중, 산전진단 및 출생장소, 임상소견, 수술전 검사, 동반기형, 수술방법, 형태학적 분류, 합병증 및 사망률을 후향적으로 검토하였다. 총 36예의 환자중에서 십이지장 폐쇄증 17예, 공장 폐쇄증 11예, 회장 폐쇄증 8예 있었다. 남녀비는 십이지장 폐쇄증은 1.4:1, 공장 폐쇄증 2.7:1, 회장 폐쇄증의 경우는 7:1 이었다. 형태학적 분류에서 십이지장 폐쇄증은 3형이 7예로 가장 많았으며, 공장 및 회장 폐쇄증은 1형이 10예로 가장 많았으며, 3a형이 7예 있었다. 임상 소견은 담즙성 구토와 복부 팽만이 가장 흔한 증상이었다. 수술 전 검사는 십이지장 페쇄증은 전예에서 단순복부촬영만으로 정확하게 진단이 가능하였다. 동반 병변은 십이지장 폐쇄증 환자 중선천성 심기형 6예, 다운증후군이 3예 있었고, 공장 및 회장 폐쇄증에서는 3예에서 태변성 복막염이 동반되었다. 수술방법은 부분절제술을 시행한 경우가 13예로 가장 많았다. 술 후 합병증은 문합부 유출 3예, 장 폐색증 3예, 창상 감염이 3예 있었으며, 십이지장 폐쇄증 환자 2예 9사망률:11.8 %)에서 동반된 선천성 심 기형으로 사망하였으며, 공장 폐쇄증 환아 2예(사망률: 18 %)는 폐혈증과 3b 형에서 장 절제 후 단장 증후군으로 각각 사망하였다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.393-396
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• 2003

복부 팽만과 장천공 및 패혈증성 쇼크로 수술 후 진단된 신생아의 회장 폐쇄증에서 비후성 유문 협착증이 동반된 증례로서 회장 폐쇄증의 산전 진단 및 치료 과정에 있어서 다른 부위의 폐쇄증과의 차이를 인지하고, 문합 수술 후 지속적인 구토 증상을 보이는 공회장 폐쇄증 환아에 있어서 수술과 관련된 합병증 이외에 다른 위장관계의 동반 기형의 유무도 확인해야 하며 그 감별 진단에 비후성 유문 협착증도 고려해야 할 것으로 생각된다.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.54-61
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• 2002

Hirschsprung's disease (HD) is usually diagnosed in the newborn period and early infancy. The common presentation of HD in newborns consists of a history of delayed passage of meconium within the first 48 hours of life. The differential diagnosis in newborns is one of the clinical challenges of this disorder. A number of medical conditions which cause functional obstruction of the intestines are easily excluded. Neonates with meconium ileus, meconium plug syndrome, distal ileal atresia and low imperforate anus often present in a manner similar to those with HD in the first few days of life. Abdominal radiographs may help to diagnose complete obstruction such as intestinal atresia. Microcolon on contrast enema can be shown in cases with total colonic aganglionosis, ileal atresia or meconium ileus. Suction rectal biopsy or frozen section biopsy at operation is essential for differential diagnosis in such cases. HD is also considered in any child who has a history of constipation regardless of age. Older children with functional constipation may have symptoms that resemble those of HD and contrast enema is usually diagnostic. However, children with other motility disorders generally referred to as chronic idiopathic intestinal pseudoobstruction present with very similar symptoms and radiographic findings. These disorders are classified according to their histologic characteristics.; visceral myopathy, visceral neuropathy, intestinal neuronal dysplasia (IND), hypoganglionosis, immature ganglia, internal sphincter achalasia. Therefore, the workup for motility disorders should include rectal biopsy not only to confirm the presence of ganglion cells but also evaluate the other pathologic conditions.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.437-470
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• 1994

These studies were performed to establish more effective surgical method for correcting congenital atresia coli in calves. Distal colon fistulation, proximal colon fistulation and colon anastomosis which could be applied for surgical repair of intestinal obstruction were carried out in goatlings experimentally and in calves with atresia coli clinically. After treatment of the animals clinical signs, blood component values, body weight gain, survival and necropsy findings were observed. In goatlings, clinical signs after colon fistulation were diarrhea, anorexia and vitality loss, and those of proximal colon fistulation group were severer than those of distal colon fistulation group. Surviviability after operation was 9~16 weeks in distal colon fistulation group, 2~8 weeks in proximal colon fistulation group, and 2-3 days in colocolic anastomosis group, respectively. There were no alterations in blood component values among experimental groups. Weight gain rates were 54.6% in distal colon fistulation group and 42.9% in proximal colon fistulation group compared with those of control. Necropsy findings observed in experimental groups were distension of intestine and excessive fluid in abomasum and intestine. Two calves with atresia coli died 1 day and 6 days after operation but one with colon fistulation survived more than two months. Preoperative clinical signs in calves with atresia coli were abdominal distension, progressive anorexia, no defecation and postoperative clinical signs wert diarrhea and periodic abdominal distension. After operation there were no alterations in blood component values between the calf with atresia coli and control calf. Weight gain rate of calf with atresia coli was similar to that of control but revealed the tendency to decrease from the 2nd month after operation. Necropsy findings observed in two calves with atresia coli were intestinal distension. intraluminal excessive fluid, blind atretic sac and absence of intrarectal content. It was concluded that proximal or distal colon fistulation could be available for surgical correction of congenital atresla coli and prognosis of distal colon fistulation was better than of proximal colon fistulation, but that extensive colocolic anastomosis could not be compatible with life in ruminants.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.153-158
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• 1972

The esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula occurs approximately once in 3, 000 live births. In Korea, about 20 cases were reported with five successful surgical corrections. The atresia characteristically occurs at the level of, or just cephalad to, the carina and is associated with a tracheoesophageal fistula. In about 90% of the cases, the upper esophagus ends in a blind pouch, and the lower esophageal segment communicates with the trachea through the membranous posterior wall just above the carina. Many of the Infants with esophageal atresia have other congenital anomalies. The most common of these are congenital cardiac anomalies, imperforate anus, genitourinary malformations, and intestinal atresia. Recently we experienced four cases of esophageal atresia, of which three were Gross type C and one was type A. Two of them were treated by primary repair, and one [type A] was taken cervical esophagostomy and gastrostomy. The another was refused surgery.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.63-67
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• 2000

목 적: 신생아 담즙정체증의 흔한 원인중 하나인 담도폐쇄증의 진단에 많이 이용되고 있는 Tc-99m DISIDA간담도 주사의 진단적 의의에 대하여 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법: 1995년 1월부터 1999년 8월까지 4년 8개월 동안 서울 중앙병원 소아과와 소아외과에서 신생아담즙정체증으로 Tc-99m DISIDA간담도 주사를 시행한 60명의 환자를 대상으로 그 결과를 분석하였다. 결 과: 전체 60명의 환자 중에서 담도폐쇄증으로 14례(23%), 신생아 간염으로 33례(55%), 간내 담도형성부전증으로 9례(15%), 경정맥 고영양법으로 인한 황달로 4례(7%)가 진단되었다. Tc-99m DISIDA 간담도주사의 민감도는 100%를 보였고 특이도는 80%였다. 결 론: Tc-99m DISIDA 간담도주사에서 장관내 방사능이 관찰되면 담도폐쇄증을 진단에서 제외할 수 있지만 관찰되지 않을 경우에는 경피간침생검이나 시험적 개복술 등의 적극적인 진단방법을 고려해야 할 것으로 생각된다.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.59-63
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• 1996

Colonic atresia is the least common form of intestinal atresia. Colonic atresia, like jejunoileal atresia, mostly occurs as a result of an intrauterine vascular accident. According to Sutton's classification, type 1 colonic atresia exibits external continuity with an intraluminal diaphragm(colonic web) which may be imperforate or perforate. Authors experienced a case of colonic web associated with imperforate anus. The patient was treated under the impression of the high type imperforate anus. Posterior sagittal anorectoplasty at the age of 9 months revealed normal anorectal canal. At the age of 12 months, colostomy was repaired. Thereafter abdominal distension was developed. Barium enema noted a membranous obstruction of the colon on the level of the rectosigmoid junction. After exicision of the colonic web, the patient was discharged with no problem.