• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.149-158
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• 2019

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of thoracic mobilization (TM) on the angle of thoracic kyphosis, and static and dynamic balances by application period. The subjects of this study were 18 adult males and females (${\geq}20years\; old$) who had the angle of thoracic kyphosis equal to or higher than $40^{\circ}$. A pre-test was conducted for all subjects and TM was carried out. Data were collected before the intervention, 3 weeks after the intervention, and 6 weeks after the intervention. It was measured three times per measurement and mean values were used for the analysis. The results of this study showed that the angle of thoracic kyphosis significantly (P<.05) decreased after applying TM. However, the migration area ($mm^2$) of the center of pressure (COP) in the static balance did not vary significantly. In the case of the dynamic balance, when eyes were open, the migration area ($mm^2$) of the COP significantly (P<.05) decreased after 3 weeks. When eyes were open, the migration area ($mm^2$) of the COP significantly (P<.05) decreased after 3 weeks and 6 weeks. Therefore, an intervention for improving the human body alignment and balance should be applied for a long-term, rather than a short-term, in order to be effective.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2003년도 학술대회 논문집 전문대학교육위원
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• pp.106-109
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• 2003

The repeatability error creeps in every corner of mechanical design as mechanical design becomes diverse and complicated. Inkjet printing has inherent repeatability error problem due to its nature of seamless incremental image synthesis of partial images. Without the calibration for the repeatability error realization of high print quality or enhancement of other printing performance could be impaired. Printer designers have met this recurrent problem even before the inception of inkjet print device and contrived various solutions as their own intelectual proprietary. Also, it is a trend to perform necessary calibration without painstaking human intervention. To come up with another useful and proprietary solution has become an important ingredient in inkjet printer design. This paper presents such a solution developed at Digital Printing Division of Samsung Electronics Company.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.61-73
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• 2019

Purpose: This study was to evaluate the effect of cranio-cervical flexion based trunk stabilization exercise on gross motor function and posture alignment change in children with spastic cerebral palsy. Design: Randomized Controlled Trial. Methods: Twenty-six children participated in this study. All subjects were randomly assigned to either the Cranio-Cervical Flexion Based Trunk Stabilization Exercise (CCFTS) group (n=13) or the Trunk Stabilization Exercise (TS) group (n=13). In both groups were trained general physical therapy for 10 minutes, in the CCFTS group was trained cranio-cervical flexion based trunk stabilization exercise for 20 minutes and in the TS group was trained trunk stabilization exercise for 20 minutes. The training was provided 2 times a week during 8 weeks. All subjects were measured with the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM) and Cranio-Vertebral Angle (CVA) before and after intervention. Results: The results showed that the CCFTS have increased significantly in GMFM (B, C, D and E-dimension) and CVA, and the TS group have increased significantly in GMFM (B, C D and E-dimension). In particular, the CCFTS group improved significantly than TS group in GMFM (B, C and D-dimension) and CVA. Therefore, the cranio-cervical flexion based trunk stabilization exercise improved gross motor function and posture alignment in children with spastic cerebral palsy. Conclusion: These results suggest that cranio-cervical flexion based trunk stabilization exercise is feasible and suitable for individuals with a spastic cerebral palsy and can be used in addition to conventional physical therapy.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.109-119
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• 2016

Purpose : The purpose of this research is to find clinical effects of functional resistance training using weighted vest on gross motor and balance abilities of children with dyskinetic cerebral palsy. Methods : This study selects 3 subjects for 8~12 years old who were diagnosed with children with dyskinetic cerebral palsy. The Design is ABA design of single-subject research design. Baseline(A) and TypeII Baseline(A : 12weeks) phases were received with NDT treatment, Intervention(B : 12weeks) phase provided with 40 minute functional resistance training using weighted vest in a session twice a week. In order to analyze the measure results of gross motor function and performance, balance abilities in children dyskinetic cerebral palsy during baseline, intervention and typeII baseline phase. Result : A statistically significant differences in the total GMFM including walking/running/jumping during baseline, intervention, typeII baseline, but no significant differences in the lying/rolling, sitting, crawling/kneeling and standing. A statistically significant differences in the total GMPM including dissociated movement, coordination, weight shift, stability during baseline, intervention, typeII baseline, but no significant differences in the body alignment domains. A statistically significant differences in the length and surface area ellipse of center of pressure during baseline, intervention, typeII baseline. Conclusion : The intervention method to facilitate multi-joint and closed kinematic chain movement equipped weighted vest applied functional resistance training on children with dyskinetic cerebral palsy effectively improve on gross motor function and performance, balance abilities.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.33-45
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• 2024

Background: This study aimed to investigate the effect of elastic band-resistive exercise using audio-visual medium on pain, proprioception, and motor function in adults with chronic neck and shoulder pain. Design: One group pretest-posttest follow-up experimental design. Method: Twenty adult women with neck and shoulder pain voluntarily participated in this study. Elastic band-resistive exercise using audio-visual medium including cervical flexion and extension, shoulder external rotation, and scapular retraction-protraction motions was conducted 5 times a week for 3 weeks. The Numerical Rating Scale, pressure threshold tool, CROM goniometer, and Image J software were used to assess subjective pain level, tenderness threshold (pain), joint position sense error (proprioception), joint range of motion, and postural alignment (motor function), respectively. Result:: The pain intensity and threshold and joint position sense error showed significant decreases after the intervention, whereas the joint range of motion angle revealed significant increases. The postural alignment including forward head posture and rounded shoulder revealed significant improvements after the intervention. Conclusions: Therefore, we suggest that elastic band-resistive exercise through audio-visual medium would be helpful in preventing and managing pain and physical dysfunction in individuals with chronic neck and shoulder pain, and then it would support the development of health management-related online education content.

• Spatial Information Research
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.117-130
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• 2000

본 연구는 교통시설사업의 기본계획에 지리정보시스템(GIS)을 활용한 공간분석(spatial analysis)을 이용하여 교통효율성과 환경영향, 장래 국토계획의 목표, 도시영향 그리고 건설가능성 및 경제성을 통합하여 고려할 수 있는 노선선정의 방법론을 개발하기위하여 시도되었다. 본 논문은 총 4장으로 구성되어 있으며 1 장 서론에서는 연구의 배경, 목적 그리고 연구범위와 방법을 정립하였으며, 2장에서는 교통시설사업의 노선선정 방법론의 개발을 위한 목표설정과 방법론의 수행과정을 설명하였다. 3장에서는 개발된 방법론을 독일의노이스(Neuss)와 그로벤브로히(Grenvenbroich)간의 도로건성을 위한 노선선정 프로젝트에 적용하였으며 본 방법론의 평가와 이용가능성을 결론으로 제시하였다.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.41-50
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• 2023

Purpose : The aim of study was to determine the effect of lower trapezius muscle strengthening exercises on the height of rounded shoulder posture and muscle activity in patients with rounded shoulder posture. Methods : Thirty-one subjects with rounded shoulders were selected and assigned, with the use of a random number table, to an experimental group (EG, n=16) that received resistance exercises of the trapezius (lower) muscles or a control group (CG, n=15) that received isometric exercises of the lower trapezius muscles. In the EG, with the subject in a prone position, both arms were abducted at the angles suggested for each posture (145 °, 45 ° abduction), with the hands holding dumbbells to assume a functional posture. The CG performed only isometric exercises without dumbbells in the same conditions. At the start signal, with the thumb raised, the arm was raised to the level of the ear. Both groups were assessed by the height of the rounded shoulder posture (RSP) and muscle activity (EMG). The intervention was performed three times a week. Results : The RSP significantly decreased during the intervention period in both the EG and CG (p<.05), and a significant difference was determined between the RSP of the two groups (p<.05). In the EG, the EMG significantly increased during the intervention period (p<.05), but the CG did not show any significant increase (p>.05). The final EMG was significantly higher in the EG than in the CG (p<.05). Conclusion : Both the EG and CG showed positive improvement in rounded shoulder posture during the intervention period. In particular, lower trapezius resistance exercise appears to reduce shoulder height and positively affects the activity of muscles around the shoulder.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.38-46
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• 2016

Background: Shoulder stabilization commonly involves two components: the glenohumeral stabilization exercise (GSE) and scapular stabilization exercise (SSE). Despite the fact that the shoulder stabilization has advantageous merit, to our knowledge, only a few studies have compared the superior of the GSE and the SSE. Objects: The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of GSE in patients with nonspecific shoulder pain. Methods: Thirty subjects with nonspecific shoulder pain were randomly divided into an experimental group and control group, each with 15 patients. The experimental group used an GSE, whereas the control group did SSE. All subjects were measured in shoulder stability, scapular symmetric alignment, pain, muscle power, and range of motion before and after the intervention. Results: GSE resulted in significantly better shoulder stability (p=.046, from $8.67{\pm}7.54$ score to $13.93{\pm}9.40$) in the experimental group compared with SSE in the control group. However, no significant effects were observed for scapular symmetric alignment including the angles of inferior scapular distance (p=.829) and inferior scapular height difference (p=.735), pain (p=.113), muscle power including shoulder flexion (p=.723) and abduction (p=.897) and range of motion including shoulder flexion (p=.853) and abduction (p=.472). Conclusion: These findings suggest that GSE may be more effective in increasing the shoulder stability than the SSE in patients with nonspecific shoulder pain, probably through a centralization effect on the shoulder mechanism.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.16-25
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• 2024

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of laser-engineered copper-nickel titanium (SmartArch) and superelastic nickel-titanium (SENT) archwires in aligning teeth and inducing root resorption and pain experienced by patients. Methods: Two-arm parallel groups with a 1:1 allocation ratio were used. The participants were patients aged 11.5 years and older with 5-9 mm of mandibular anterior crowding who were indicated for non-extraction treatment. The primary outcome was alignment effectiveness, assessed using Little's irregularity index (LII) over 16 weeks with a single wire (0.016-inch) in the SmartArch group and 2 wires (0.014- and 0.018-inch) in the SENT group (8 weeks each). Secondary outcomes included root resorption evaluated by pre- and post-intervention periapical radiographs and pain levels recorded by the participants during the first week. Results: A total of 40 participants were randomly allocated into 2 groups; 33 completed the study and were analyzed (16 in the SmartArch group and 17 in the SENT group, aged 16.97 ± 4.05 years). The total LII decrease for the SmartArch and SENT groups was 5.63 mm and 5.29 mm, respectively, which was neither statistically nor clinically significant. Root resorption was not significantly different between the groups. The difference in pain levels was not statistically significant for the first 5 days following wire placement; however, there was a significant difference favoring the SENT group in the final 2 days. Conclusions: SmartArch and SENT archwires were similarly effective during the alignment phase of orthodontic treatment. Root resorption should be observed throughout the treatment with either wire. SmartArch wires demonstrated higher pain perception than SENT wires.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.200-205
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• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to find out how gait training with shoulder-back assistive device affects dynamic and static balance, gait of patients with stroke and to help improve body alignment, balance, and gait ability in stroke patients. Methods: Measurements were taken of the 20 subjects before intervention without shoulder-back assistive device, after intervention with device, and follow up after an hour compared. Berg balance scale used to evaluate dynamic balance; wii balance board was used to measure static balance; and gait ability were measured by timed up and go test and 10-meter walk test. To analyze the results, a one-way repeated measures analysis of variance was implemented to compare the measurements. Results: The results showed that, after wearing the shoulder-back assistive device, the subjects' dynamic balance statistically significantly improved; no statistically significant difference was observed in static balance, although their balance ability was enhanced; and their increase in gait ability was statistically significant. Conclusion: This study proved that gait training combined with a shoulder-back assistive device positively impacted dynamic and static balance, gait of patients with stroke.