• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.14
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• pp.237-256
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• 2000

Electronic commerce has been threatening to address the transaction inefficiencies in international trade that is conducted through letters of credit(L/Cs) and other forms of traditional paper-based financial instruments. The replacement of traditional paper documets with electronic alternatives is becoming more of a relity within a number of business sectors. The conceptual model of electronic L/Cs presented in this paper is intended to provide a framework for discussing the development of a paperless credit. The TradeCard network provides a business-to-business e-commerce infrastructure that enables buyers and sellers to conduct and settle international trade transactions securely over the Internet. Sellers and Buyers should select the best payment methods of traditional L/Cs, electronic L/Cs, TradeCard, Bank Credit Card etc. in consideration of their business circumstances.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.113-133
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• 2005

North Korea has stressed Information Technology in policy fostering science as Kim Jong-il has been interested in IT industry. In view of development of e-business in Northeast Asia, South Korea is to cooperate with North Korea. It is the time to look into the current situation, strategy and issues of IT in North Korea. Although North Korea is forced to select the development of IT Industry as growth engine, the problems in the IT Infrastructure are as follows:lack in communication infrastructure, lack in diversity of software, low level of hardware, limited use of internet. This paper deals with the IT Infrastructure of North Korea and IT and e-Commerce Cooperation, introduction of e-Trade between South and North Korea.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.227-242
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• 2006

The rapid expansion of regionalism has resulted in the creation of blocs of the global economy, so that those countries not belonging to one or more blocs can be discrimiated. Though signed on the bill of FTA with Chile, Korea is actually alienated from major stream of the blocs. Therefore, Korea government makes efforts to contract more FTAs with countries such as Singapore and Japan, others. FTA is believed to be an important method to secure export and national competitiveness. Therefore, we need to exactly understand critical issues and the long-run effort of FTA. This paper tries to find out important issues and potential strategies relating to electronic commerce in Korea's FTA with other countries. In these means, relationship between FTA and e-Trade are closely related to global business chance. In these means, we should use FTA potentials for encouraging global commerce by e-Trade and develop e-FTA in the foreseeable future.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.327-350
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• 2007

A single window platform must be successfully established by implementing CDM/UCR in WCO and UNeDocs in UN/CEFACT, which is part of the framework of standards for secure and facilitate global trade. Core success factors in single window platform for international trade depend on political innovative capacity, advanced leadership of high ranking officials and departments in charge, effective collaborations between the ministries and offices concerned which are supported by supreme executives, self-controlled coordinations between users, convenience and access availability to users, promotion and marketing, identification on predictive impediments, financial raising and revenue model payable, communication's strategy, valid legal basis etc. To settle a stable ubiquitous e-trade platform, firstly, procedures and practices of customs clearance which different from one another mutually must be standardized globally. Secondly, the international standard electronic data exchanges must be introduced to facilitate and simplify customs clearing procedures by holding administrative informations in common between public institutions. thirdly, cooperative work model must be accepted with enhancing outsourcing business between reference groups (export-import firms and IT service providers).

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.177-198
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• 2007

Since 1970s, there are many tries to realize electronic bills of lading(e-B/L) in the world and great attention has been shown to the question of law, international trade customs and realizing strategy concerned that instrument. However that tries, include Bolero which is most famous company serving e-B/L, don't succeed yet. Meanwhile, Korean government amended commercial code in order to realize e-B/L on August 3, 2007. Also The Korea Paperless Trade Center set to develop the e-B/L system by spring of 2008. So far, however, no definitive answer has been given to the way of realization of e-B/L in Korea. Getting bigger the importance of analysis to the ways of realization of e-B/L in Korea, in this paper the author attempt to examine the requirements after briefly outlining and analysing the results and problems of the tries and suggest thereby policy and strategy about the realization classified three categories.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.60
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• pp.109-139
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• 2013

This paper is to review the Uniform Rules for Bank Payment Obligations(URBPO 750E) which were developed by the Banking Commission of the International Chamber of Commerce and to present the implications. The rules were unanimously adopted during Lisbon meeting of the ICC Banking Commission on April 17th, 2013 and taken effect as of July 1, 2013. A BPO is an irrevocable undertaking given by an Obligor bank to a Recipient bank to pay a specified amount under the condition of a successful electronic matching of data or acceptance of mismatches. It is an alternative instrument for trade settlement, designed to complement existing solution and not to replace them(ICC,750E). The BPO enables banks to provide sellers and buyers with advanced risk mitigations and enhanced financing services. The BPO will improve trade processing efficiency such as increased transaction times, reduced handling cost, and others. It is believed that the BPO will have an important role to play in supporting the development of Supply Chain Finance in international Trade. So, This study will review the provisions and application of the URBPO 750E based on documentary materials including swift com and icc.org and so on.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.51-79
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• 2011

Korea has accomplished the establishment of the National Single Window for Paperless Trade. Since 1991, it has developed Trade Automation Service System based on EDI technology. In 2003, Korean government and private sectors jointly began to set up National Paperless Trade Service( e-Trade Service) as one of the e-government projects. In 2008, they commenced the uTradeHub Service which was equipped with Internet based e-B/L and e-Nego service systems for the first time in the world To facilitate the service Korea amended its e-Trade facilitation Act and Law by 2007. At the end of 2011, Korea historically recorded its trade volume of 1 trillion US dollars and joined '$1 trillion trade club' as the 9the member country since the country had started international trade less than five decades ago. A rolling out of the e-B/L and e-Nego service will 'ally reduce the transaction costs of trading businesses and accelerate the activation e-trade services. The purposes of the study are to examine 'e-B/L Korea' service and its facilitation strategies as well as identify obstacles to utilize the 'e-B/L Korea' service. The paper reviewed and analyzed Korea's Paperless trade system and distinctive characteristics of the 'e-B/L Korea Service. Parts of the fOWld distinctive characteristics of the Korea's e-B/L service are as follows; It is well equiped with IT and legal system. It also has more that 30,000 potential users who are already uTradeHub service users. The paper indicated several weaknesses of the current system such as global KPI issues, circulation of the electronic documents not only in the domestic market but also among economies, development of the electronic Bill of Exchange. As resolution measures, the paper recommended the introduction of mutual recognition system of PKI among trade partner counties, setting up e-trade solution for small and medium companies, and special attention to raise users' awareness of the e-B/L service.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.453-474
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• 2013

The Internet is also fragmenting containers of goods that could have been custom cleared on a single entry into dozens of individual shipments that each require separate customs documents and clearance procedures. The policies of Korean government could promote the e-business environment and market conditions in legal and infrastructure terms, but not much of business itself. The facilitation of trade procedures is seen by all major international business as vital for economic development. The purpose of the study is to develop the e-Trade application, limitation and activation. This article intends to derive which factors are significant at information strategic planning stage as well as its evaluation stage. The study include the technical explanations under the ubiquitous computing.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.23-42
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• 2017

International Commerce and Information Review has been playing an important role of disseminating the outstanding research results in the fields such as trade information and systems, e-trade, regional studies, e-commerce, service trade, trade laws since 1999. This paper aims to find the research trends and distinguished characteristics in the field of trade information by analyzing research keywords of the research papers published in this journal using a social network analysis method. Research keyword data collected from the homepage of the academic society were cleaned and transformed into the co-occurrence network data, which are suitable for social network analysis. NodeXL Pro was used to analyze and visualize the pre-processed data. Through clustering analysis, the most important subject fields or interests were identified as well as those which worked as intermediaries for interdisciplinary researches.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.213-230
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• 2021

China's e-waste enterprises can decompose 150 million sets of e-waste every year, but in fact, only about 50% of the e-waste goes into formal recycling due to the informal recycling of individual small businesses. The purpose of this paper is to put forward the method for users to improve the reuse times through regular e-waste recycling enterprises. This paper constructs the evaluation factors of reuse logistics service through prior research. Exogenous variables are mainly composed of the management system, economics, resources, policies, social perspectives, and service quality. In addition, the authors choose intention to reuse as an endogenous variable. A total of 335 questionnaires were collected to conduct the research with the structural equation modeling. The results reject the hypothesis that economics, resources, and social perspectives have a positive impact on reuse. On the contrary, management systems, policies, and service quality have a positive impact on reuse. Implications were suggested in the last part of the research.