• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.74-92
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• 2021

Purpose - Utilizing a large sample of Korean firms, this study examines international diversification impacts on corporate tax avoidance and whether firms affiliated with large business groups (known in Korean as "chaebol") reinforce the relationship between international diversification and tax avoidance. Design/methodology - This paper hypothesizes that 1) international diversification is likely to increase tax avoidance, 2) the positive effect of international diversification on tax avoidance is likely to be more pronounced for chaebol firms. We examine the hypotheses by using Korean firms listed in the Korean stock market between 2011 and 2016. We employ the number of foreign subsidiaries and the entropy index as proxies for international diversification and CASH ETR and GAAP ETR as proxies for tax avoidance. Findings - Our findings are summarized as follows. First, we have found that as firms are more internationally diversified, tax avoidance increases. It means that international diversification can be employed as a method of reducing the tax burden. Second, firms affiliated with chaebol are strengthened by the positive relation between international diversification and tax avoidance. It is interpreted that chaebol firms have more effective opportunities to reduce taxes than other firms. When entering foreign markets, they can share experience and resources to decrease taxation within the large business group. Originality/value - This study provides empirical evidence regarding the tax effect of international diversification. Unlike prior studies, international diversification is positively related to tax avoidance in Korea. In addition, we present additional evidence on the chaebol effects of international diversification on tax avoidance, in which they have an advantage to reduce taxes using transfer pricing through related party transactions, income shifting to low tax rate countries, and establishing subsidiaries in tax havens.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.1016-1035
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• 2023

Corporate tax avoidance has been the subject of international debate since the Enron scandal and has raised awareness of the need for greater transparency in financial markets. Efforts have been made to strengthen financial reporting requirements and meet the needs of investors and other stakeholders, including digitalization of financial reporting through Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL). This study examines the impact of the mandatory adoption of XBRL on corporate tax avoidance. We tested our predictions using a panel dataset of Indonesian firms listed on the IDX stock exchange. Based on available information in the DATASTREAM database covering the 2013-2017 period, we used two proxies for tax avoidance i.e., GAAP effective tax rate and current effective tax rate. We estimated multiple regression model including industry and year fixed effects. The results show that XBRL implementation has reduced corporate tax avoidance. These findings suggest that improving corporate transparency through XBRL could play a deterrent tool to corporate tax avoidance. The results of this study should be useful to tax authorities and accounting standard setters supporting the benefits of digitalizing financial reporting and continuing to complete XBRL taxonomies around the world.

• 무역학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.131-148
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• 2021

This study examines how corporate social responsibility (CSR) affects corporate tax avoidance behavior. Using a sample of publicly listed U.S. firms, we find that legal CSR-which is required by law-reduces the level of corporate tax avoidance because this type of CSR reduces information asymmetry between investors and corporate management in such a way that investors are less likely to perceive tax avoidance behavior as a risk. On the other hand, we find that the relationship between normative CSR-which is a voluntary type of CSR behavior-and tax avoidance is not statistically significant. Instead, our additional analysis reveals that normative CSR increases the level of corporate tax avoidance conditional on reporting quality. This study provides meaningful implications to the academic literature and to practitioners. Not only does this study highlight the fact that not all CSR are alike, it highlights that it is important to provide transparent CSR information in order to allow stakeholders to estimate the net effects of firms' CSR activities and tax payment.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제6권6호
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• pp.117-124
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• 2006

오늘날 기업들은 개방화 국제화시대에 발맞추어 국경을 초월하여 국제화됨에 따라 다국적 기업을 형성하여 복잡한 경제시스템을 만든 결과 여러 가지 경제현상과 문제점을 일으키고 있다. 법치주의에 따른 조세국가는 법에 따라 납세자의 동의와 협력을 필요로 하는 가운데 조세순응을 요구하지만, 납세자들은 때로는 조세저항을 하기도 하며 절세행위와 조세회피행위를 하기도 한다. 특히 납세자들은 국제사회가 개방화함에 따라 조세피난처 등을 이용한 국제적 조세회피행위의 시도를 계속하고 있다. 이에 따라 조세법상의 문제도 여러 가지로 표면화되었을 뿐만 아니라 조세피난처 등 국제적 조세회피의 문제가 특별한 관심을 끌게 되었다. 그 결과 세계 각국은 필연적으로 조세정보교환 등 국가 간의 조세협력을 요청하기에 이르렀다. 따라서 본고는 국제적 조세회피의 유형을 구체적으로 살펴보고 관련되는 조세회피의 문제점을 탐색하며, 향후 국가 간의 조세협력의 모색방안에 연구의 초점을 맞추어 조세국가의 발전적 방향과 시사점을 찾고자 한다.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.67-73
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• 2018

본 연구는 코스닥 상장기업을 대상으로 하여 기업의 재무적 상황변수라고 할 수 있는 잉여현금흐름 및 잉여현금흐름과 부채비율의 상호작용효과가 조세회피에 어떠한 영향을 미치고 있는지를 분석해 보았다는데 그 의의가 있다. 실증분석결과, 조세회피와 잉여현금흐름의 관계에서 유의한 양(+)의 관계가 제시되어 졌다. 이러한 결과는 코스닥 상장기업에서는 전년도의 잉여현금흐름이 크다면 내부적인 현금보유의 목적에서 조세부담으로 인한 현금유출을 최소화하기 위해 조세회피를 증가시키고 있다는 것으로 해석되어 진다. 또한, 잉여현금흐름과 부채비율의 상호작용효과가 조세회피에 유의한 양(+)의 영향을 미치는 결과가 제시되어졌는데 이러한 결과는 코스닥 상장기업의 잉여현금흐름이 크다면 기업운영에 필요한 자금을 추가적인 부채발행을 통하여 조달하려는 가능성이 낮아 질 것이고 그에 따른 부채의 감세효과 또한 줄어들어 조세회피를 증가시킬 수 있는 유인이 있다는 점이 고려되어진 결과로 보여진다. 본 연구의 이러한 결과들은 코스닥 상장기업에서는 잉여현금흐름 및 잉여현금흐름과 부채비율의 상호작용이 조세회피에 유의한 영향을 미치고 있으므로 과세당국의 기업관련 조세회피 규제정책입안에 참고될 수 있을 것이라 판단되어 진다.

• 동아시아경상학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.41-50
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• 2022

Purpose - Through multinational corporate ethics and environmental, social, and governance (ESG), various policy and strategic countermeasures for transparent management in the management and economic fields are presented. Research design, data, and methodology - A literature review is conducted to find important areas for transparent management and to summarize and present transparent management countermeasures based on simple brainstorming opinions from experts. Result - Issues facing transparent management are presented. In particular, multinational enterprises present cases involving prevention of transfer prices and tax avoidance in relation to Industry 4.0. Additionally, a plan is presented to establish a corruption-free economic system through the practice of ESG transparency, ethical management of social enterprises, and transparent management. Conclusion - According to the brainstorming opinions of experts, ESG management and ethical management should be the cornerstone of transparent management in the future. Therefore, it is necessary to institutionally supplement the imposition of digital taxes on fourth industrial companies.

• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.117-138
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• 2008

This study lies on building the International Standardization of China Arbitration System for improving a relationship of mutual trust and the safety trade between China and other worldwide countries, especially, South Korea as their one of the biggest trading partners through the comparative analysis of China and UNCITRAL Arbitration Law. In this analysis, the differences from China and UNCITRAL in arbitration law are like belows ; lack of arbitrator's international mind, the limitation of private property right, prohibition of Ad. hoc arbitration, arbitrator's biased nationalism, localism, and their short specialties. a deficiency of the objectiveness for arbitrator's election, a judgement rejection of claimants by using nonattendance and walkout, impossibility of prior and temporary property custody for execution of arbitration award. etc. For the improvement of the International Standardization of China Arbitration, this paper propose as follows: 1) Extension of private property right, reorganization of tax system, realization of open competition, exclusion of 'Sinocentrism', globalization of arbitration system 2) The abolition of old fashioned bureaucracy with approval for ad.hoc arbitration 3) An education for arbitrator's internationalization, specialty, and to promote legal knowledge 4) A settlement of the third country arbitrators' selection for reflecting interested party's decision by the court in a selection system of arbitration committee. 5) Institutionalization of arbitration judgment that prevent for claimant's avoidance by using a withdrawal and an intentional absent 6) A permission of the right of claimant's court custody directly before the begging of arbitration request for the prevention for destruction of evidence and property concealment 7) Grant of the arbitration tribunal's interim measures of protection for private property preservation to the third party, proof security, prevention from the loss that selling the corruptible goods 8) Improvement of arbitration's efficiency from the exclusion of the obstacles that are forgery, concealed evidence, and arbitrator's bribe taking Lastly, I hope that this study will serve to promote friendly economic relationship between China and South Korea and strive for international equilibrium through the achievement of China Arbitration's International Standardization. I will finish this paper with a firm belief that this will lead to more advanced studies.