• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.62-65
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• 2013

Gastric bezoars are concretion of undigested material in the gastrointestinal tract. In the past, gastric bezoars were generally treated with surgical management. Recently, the efficacy of oral intake or endoscopic injection therapy with Coca-Cola has been reported. We report a case of a 47-year-old-man with huge gastric bezoar ($4{\times}2.5$ cm) that was successfully removed by endoscopic fragmentation with Coca-Cola injection. Compared with a single endoscopic fragmentation therapy, the combination therapy with Coca-Cola injection shortened the procedure time and reduced the complication associated with fragmented bezoar.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.28-34
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• 1999

본 연구에서는 Yeast Artificial Chromosome을 효율적으로 조작하고 유유전자의 기능을 보다 더 용이하게 분석하기 위해 EMCV 바이러스의 IRES 염기서열과 $\beta$-galactosidase를 포함하는 새로운 bicistronic fragmentation vector를 제조하였다. 이 벡터의 폴리클로닝 site에 네 개의희귀한 제한효소 부위를 도입하여 DNA를 용이하게 클로닝할 수 있게 만들었다. 그러므로 원하는 어떤 YAC도 효모세포에서 쉽게 상동 재조함에 의해 절편할 수 있는 장점이 있다. 이 bicistronic fragmentation vector 시스템을 이용하면하나의 메시지로부터 연구하고자 하는 유전자와 $\beta$-galactosidase를 동시에 한 세포에서 발현할 수 있기 때문에 유전자의 발현양상을 쉽게 분석할 수 있는 새로운 도구로 이용할 수 있다.

• 한국정보처리학회논문지
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• 제4권6호
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• pp.1625-1635
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• 1997

객체지향 컴퓨터의 동적 메모리 할당을 위해 가중치 버디 시스템을 확장한 확장-가중치 버디 시스템을 제안하였다. 가중치 버디 시스템이 블럭의 크기를 $2^k와\;3*2^k$ 두가지로 제공하는데 비해 확장-가중치 버디 시스템은 블럭의 크기를 $2^k,\;3*2^k,\;5*2^k,\;7*2^k$등으로 제공한다. 이 확장은 각 블럭당 3비트의 추가 비용의 부담만으로 메모리 관리 장치를 실현할 수 있다. 그리고 본 기법과 가중치 버디 시스템을 비교 실험한 결과를 제시하였다. 확장-가중치 버디 시스템은 메모리 할당 요구 크기가 균일분포일 때 가중치 버디 시스템에 비해 내부단편화가 약 60% 정도 감소하였으며, 지수분포일 때 약 50% 정도 감소하였다. 외부단편화는 가중치 버디 시스템에 비해 본 논문에서 제안한 시스템이 크지만, 전체단편화는 지수분포시 확장-가중치 버디 시스템이 적으며 균일 분포시 두 시스템간에 큰 차가 없으므로 가중치 버디 시스템을 대체할 수 있다.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2003년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집 Ⅲ
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• pp.1335-1338
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• 2003

Fixed-size memory allocation is one of the most promising way to avoid external fragmentation in dynamic memory allocation problem. This paper presents an experimental result of applying the fixed- size memory allocation strategy to Java virtual machine for embedded system. The result says that although this strategy induces another memory utilization problem caused by internal fragmentation, the effect is not very considerable and this strategy is well-suited for embedded Java system. The experiment has been performed in a real embedded Java system called the simpleRTJ.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.247-251
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• 2006

Bezoars are collections or concretions of indigestible foreign material that accumulate and coalesce in the gastrointestinal tract; they usually occur in patients who have undergone gastric surgery and have delayed gastric emptying. Treatment options include dissolution with enzymes, endoscopic fragmentation with removal or aspiration, and surgery. Recently, the efficacy of nasogastric lavage or endoscopic infusion of Coca-Cola for the dissolution of phytobezoar have been reported. We report a case of phytobezoar successfully treated by oral administration and endoscopic injection of Coca-Cola. A 62-year-old woman was referred to Yeungnam University Hospital for epigastric pain. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed one very large, dark-greenish, solid bezoar in the stomach with gastric ulcer and duodenal bulb deformity. We performed endoscopic injection of Coca-Cola into the bezoar. The patient was instructed to drink four liters of Coca-Cola per day. At endoscopy two days later, the phytobezoar was easily broken into pieces. At endoscopy on the $11^{th}$ day of admission, the phytobezoar was decreased in size and removed by endoscopic fragmentation with a polypectomy snare. At follow up endoscopy after 13 days, the bezoar was completely dissolved.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.202-211
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to investigate the apoptotic effect of Phellodendri Cortex water extract (PCWE) on pancreatic cancer cells and to find out the regulating mechanisms. Human-derived pancreatic cancer cell line, MIA PaCa-2 cells were treated by PCWE with various concentrations and the cytotoxicity was determined by MTT assay. The activation of Annexin V, DNA fragmentation, cell cycle arrest and caspase activation were observed to investigate the role of PCWE in pancreatic cancer cells. Also, to find out the regulating mechanisms, we examined the ROS production. The treatment of PCWE induced the cell death in both concentration and time dependent manner. The treatment of PCWE also increased the expression of Annexin V, DNA fragmentation, cell cycle arrest, and cleavage of caspase, which means cell-death PCWE induced was apoptosis but not necrosis. The ROS production was increased by PCWE treatment and the blockade of ROS inhibited the PCWE-induced cell death. These results could suggest that PCWE induced apoptosis via ROS release in pancreatic cancer cell.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.565-583
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• 2011

Objectives : This study investigated the biochemical mechanisms of anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects of the water extract of Dan-Seon-Tang (DST) in human leukemia U937 cells. Methods : U937 cells were exposed to DST and growth inhibition was measured by MTT assay. Results : Exposure of U937 cells to DST resulted in the growth inhibition in a concentration-dependent manner. This inhibitory effect was associated with morphological changes and apoptotic cell death such as formation of apoptotic bodies, increased populations of apoptotic-sub G1 phase and induction of DNA fragmentation. The induction of apoptotic cell death in U937 cells by DST was associated with up-regulation of death receptor 4 (DR4) and down-regulation of Bid, surviving and cellular inhibition of apoptosis protein-2 (cIAP-2) expression. DST treatment also induced the proteolytic activation of caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9, and a concomitant degradation of caspase-3 substrate proteins such as poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), phospholipase (PLC)-${\gamma}1$, ${\beta}$-catenin and DNA fragmentation factor 45/inhibotor of caspase activated DNAse (DFF45/ICAD). Furthermore, apoptotic cell death by DST was significantly inhibited by caspase-3 specific inhibitor z-DEVD-fmk, demonstrating the important role of caspase-3. Conclusions : These findings suggest that herb prescription DST may be a potential chemotherapeutic agent for the control of human leukemia U937 cells; further study is needed to identify the active compounds.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.482-491
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• 2004

Alzheimer's disease(AD) is a geriatric dementia that is widespread in old age. In the near future AD may be the biggest problem in public health service. Although a variety of oriental therapies in the study of Jimitang have been traditionally utilized for the treatment of AD, their pharmacological effects and active mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. This study in an investigation of effects of Jimitang on apoptotic cell death induced by CT105 overexpression in SK-N-SH neuroblastoma cell lines. DNA fragmentation, neurite outgrowth assay and LDH activity assay were examined. The regeneratory and inhibitory effects on Alzheimer's disease in pCT105-induced neuroblastoma cell lines by Jimitang water extract were examined. Findings from these experiments have shown that Jimitang inhibits the synthesis or activities of CT105, which has neurotoxicities and apoptotic activities in cell lines. In addition, pretreatment of $Jimitang(>50\;{\mu}g/mL\;for\;12\;hours)$ partially prevented CT(105)-induced cytotoxicity in SK-N-SH cell lines, and were inhibited by pretreatment. $Jimitang(>50\;{\mu}g/mL\;for\;12\;hours)$ repaired CT(105)-induced neurite outgrowth when SK-N-SH cell lines were transfected with CT(105). Results of this study show that. in the Jimitang group, the apoptosis in the nervous system in inhibited, the repair against the degerneration of neuroblastoma cells by CT105 expression is promoted. In addition, Jimitang was found to inhibit DNA fragmentation induced by CT105 overexpression, and promote neurite outgrowth. These findings suggest that Jimitang is beneficial for the treatment of AD.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.331-345
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• 2010

Objectives : This study was designed to investigate the effects of Saenggantanggami-bang (SG) on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Methods : HepG2 cells were used in an in vitro model. HepG2 cells were divided into three groups. The Normal group was incubated with no fatty acid. The Control group was incubated with 1mM palmitic acid to introduce fat overloading. The PA-SG group was incubated with 1mM palmitic acid and various concentrations of Saenggantanggami-bang (SG). Cell viability and cytotoxicity were analyzed by MTT assay and LDH assay. Intracellular triglyceride (TG) levels, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, ATP amount, and GST activity were measured. Cell death pattern and protective effect of SG on cell death were studied by DNA fragmentation and caspase-3 intensity (western blot). Results : Compared with the Control group, cell viability of the PA-SG group significantly increased (P<0.01), cytotoxicity of the PA-SG group decreased (P<0.01), and intracellular TG levels and ROS levels of the PA-SG group decreased (P<0.05). In DNA fragmentation assay, necrotic pattern was observed and DNA fragment decreased in the PA-SG group. In western blot, apoptotic pattern was observed, caspase-3 intensity of the PA-SG group was reduced significantly, but there were no significant differences in intracellular ATP amount and GST activity between the control group and the PA-SG group. Conclusion : The results suggest that Saenggantanggami-bang can be a potential candidate for the clinical treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.290-297
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• 2010

Objectives : This study evaluated the effect of Dioscoreae Rhizoma on antioxidant and antimicrobial activity in vitro. Methods : In vitro experiments were made on antioxidant by DPPH radical scavenging activity, enzyme activity of SOD, protective effect about $H_2O_2$ and DNA fragmentation in RAW264.7 cells, as well as antimicrobial by Cox-2 expression in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. Results : 1. Dioscoreae Rhizoma's antioxidant ability was improved by DPPH radical scavenging activity. 2. Antioxidant ability of Dioscoreae Rhizoma produced good results at more than 0.025 mg/$m{\ell}$. 3. On protective effect of Dioscoreae Rhizoma about $H_2O_2$ on RAW264.7 cells, with addition of Dioscoreae Rhizoma extract the cells' survival increased compared to adding $H_2O_2$ only. 4. About revelation-control of Cox-2 at RAW264.7 cells which induce by LPS, when Dioscoreae Rhizoma's concentration was higher from 0.0125 mg/$m{\ell}$ to 1 mg/$m{\ell}$, its control activity was stronger. Thus we found Dioscoreae Rhizoma has antimicrobial activity. 5. The power of DNA fragmentation control of Dioscoreae Rhizoma was time-independent. Conclusions : From this study we conclude that Dioscoreae Rhizoma has effects on antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. However, considerable work still needs to be done studying antioxidants by concentration, as well as a variety of experiments about antimicrobial activity.