• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.352-356
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• 2017

We performed thermal and structural analyses to evaluate the structural integrity of a semi-metal gasket for a flange with increases in the internal fluid temperature and pressure using a commercial FEA program. As a thermal analysis result, the temperature distribution of the gasket body increased with an increase in the internal fluid temperature until the maximum fluid temperature of $600^{\circ}C$. In addition, the structural analysis showed that contact pressures of more than 35 MPa occurred uniformly in the graphite seal regions. It was found that no fluid leakage occurred under the load conditions for the structural analysis because the contact pressure in the graphite seal region was greater than the maximum internal fluid pressure of 35 MPa. Therefore, we demonstrated the structural integrity of the semi-metal gasket by performing the thermal and structure analyses under the maximum fluid temperature of $600^{\circ}C$ and the internal fluid pressure of 35 MPa.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.278-281
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• 1992

Air fluid level in a large ring shadow poses a diagnostic problem. But a new development of fluid level in preexisting bullous lesion is another problem. A 60 year old man with chronic obstructive lung disease was noticed to have multiple bullae. A few years later fluid level was newly developed in some of the bullae. Fluid level persisted for several months and later completely filled the space. Surgical exploration revealed pus collection in the bullae and epidermoid carcinoma in the nearby bronchi.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.361-367
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• 2018

In this paper, dynamic analysis of concrete pipe submerged in the fluid and conveying fluid is studied subjected to earthquake load. The structure is modeled by classical shell theory and the force induced by internal fluid is obtained by Navier-Stokes equation. Applying energy method and Hamilton's principle, the motion equations are derived. Based on Navier and Newmark methods, the dynamic deflection of the structure is calculated. The effects of different parameters such as mode number, thickness to radius ratios, length to radius ratios, internal and external fluid are discussed on the seismic response of the structure. The results show that considering internal and external fluid, the dynamic deflection increases.

• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.80-85
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• 2014

In this study, we visualized the internal flow of a regenerative turbomachinery using the direct injection tracer method. For visualization, the working fluid was water and the tracer was oil colors (marbling colors). Droplets were injected at the inlet of the machinery and the streak were recorded using a high-speed camera with high-power light sources. While circulating inside the groove, the droplets were translated by the rotational motion of the impeller. When the droplets flow out of the impeller groove, relative to the impeller, they moved more slowly. And the droplets repeatedly reentered into the groove and circulated again. Then the droplets either flowed to the outlet or to the stripper. As a result, this experiment has confirmed the internal circulating flow of a regenerative turbomachinery.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.103-113
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• 2020

This paper deal with the critical fluid velocity response of nanocomposite pipe conveying fluid based on numerical method. The pressure of fluid is obtained based on perturbation method. The motion equations are derived based on classical shell theory, energy method and Hamilton's principle. The shell is reinforced by nanoparticles and the distribution of them are functionally graded (FG). The mixture rule is applied for obtaining the equivalent material properties of the structure. Differential quadrature method (DQM) is utilized for solution of the motion equations in order to obtain the critical fluid velocity. The effects of different parameters such asCNT nanoparticles volume percent, boundary conditions, thickness to radius ratios, length to radius ratios and internal fluid are presented on the critical fluid velocity response structure. The results show that with increasing the CNT nanoparticles, the critical fluid velocity is increased. In addition, FGX distribution of nanoparticles is the best choice for reinforcement.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.595-600
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• 1999

목 적: 폐흉수에서 ADA 활성도의 측정은 결핵성 폐흉수의 진단에 유용한 검사로 증명되어왔다. 하지만 기관지 폐포 세척액에서 ADA의 유용성에 대해서는 논란이 많으며 또한 그 연구가 극히 미미한 실정이다. 본 연구는 폐결핵의 조기진단의 생화학적 지표로서 결핵환자의 기관지 세척액 ADA의 유용성을 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 폐결핵이 확진된 경우를 제 1군(25명)으로 하였고 폐암환자들을 제 2군(26명)으로 하였으며 대조군을 제 3군(10명)으로 하여 기관지 세척액 ADA 활성도에 있어서 세군 사이에 차이가 있는지를 비교 분석하였다. ADA 측정은 Giustils colorimetric 방법으로 시행하였다. 결 과: 기관지 세척액 ADA 활성도는 제 1군에서 제 2군과 제 3군에 비해 유의하게 높았다(p<0.01). 결 론: 기관지 세척액 ADA 활성도는 폐결핵이 의심되는 환자에서 폐결핵을 진단하는데 유용할 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.1311-1317
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• 2019

Objectives: This report aims to present the case of Korean medicine therapies including Samilsingi-hwan on recurrent hyponatremia in the elderly. Method: A laboratory test was conducted on a patient with general weakness, anorexia, and excess salivation. The patient was diagnosed with hyponatremia and so received intravenous fluid treatment. Results: We continued fluid treatment until electrolyte levels of sodium returned to normal, but the levels gradually dropped repeatedly when the fluid treatment was discontinued. After changing the herbal medicine to Samilsingi-hwan, recurrence of hyponatremia was not seen, even after stopping the fluid treatment. Clinical symptoms also improved during 35 days of hospitalization. Conclusion: This case demonstrates that Samilsingi-hwan may be effective in recurrent hyponatremia in the elderly. Further research is needed.

• Ocean Systems Engineering
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.117-128
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• 2016

A theoretical study of Boussinesq equations (BEs) for internal waves propagating in a two-fluid system is presented in this paper. The two-fluid system is assumed to be bounded by two rigid plates. A set of three equations is firstly derived which has three main unknowns, the interfacial displacement and two velocity potentials at arbitrary elevations for upper and lower fluids, respectively. The determination of the optimal BEs requires a solution of depth parameters which can be uniquely solved by applying the $Pad{\acute{e}}$ approximation to dispersion relation. Some wave properties predicted by the optimal BEs are examined. The optimal model not only increases the applicable range of traditional BEs but also provides a novel aspect of internal wave studies.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.422-429
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• 2011

The critical fluid velocity of cantilevered cylindrical shells subjected to internal fluid flow is investigated in this study. The fluid-structure interaction is considered in the analysis. The cantilevered cylindrical shell is supported intermediately at an arbitrary axial position. The intermediate support is simulated by two types of artificial springs: translational and rotational spring. It is assumed that the artificial springs are placed continuously and uniformly on the middle surface of an intermediate support along the circumferential direction. The steady flow of fluid is described by the classical potential flow theory. The motion of shell is represented by the first order shear deformation theory (FSDT) to account for rotary inertia and transverse shear strains. The effect of internal fluid can be considered by imposing a relation between the fluid pressure and the radial displacement of the structure at the interface. Numerical examples are presented and compared with existing results.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.186-194
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• 2011

This study performed the numerical analysis of the internal nozzle flows including cavitation phenomena by using the automated body-fitted grid generator and the multi-fluid model. The effect of grid refinement and the validation of multifluid model were investigated using four computational meshes under two test conditions. The mesh #3 was chosen as the optimum which can reduce the computational time and have good prediction ability to identify the cavitation region simultaneously. In addition, the computed results using multi-fluid model were compared with the reference experimental observations and numerical simulation results using homogeneous equilibrium model. From the distribution of volume fraction and velocity field, the multi-fluid model predicted the internal nozzle flows well when the liquid quality parameters were selected as $1.0{\times}10^{12}$ for initial number density and 25 ${\mu}m$ for bubble diameter.