• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.99-105
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• 2018

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the concurrent validity and clinical usefulness of the universal plastic goniometer to measure the range of motion of the internal and external rotation of the hip joint using the three dimensional motion analysis which can analyze the joints and segment movements in the most objective and quantitative method. METHODS: Clinical and kinematic data were collected from thirty individuals using a universal plastic goniometer and a ten camera motion analysis system. Passive hip rotation range was obtained three trials for left and right hip joints using two measure methods simultaneously. RESULTS: There were significant differences between all matching measures of the two measures of internal and external rotation of the hip joint (p<.05). The relationship between the two tests for all measurements of the internal and external rotation of the hip was statistically significant with correlation coefficient form r=.87 to .96. (p<.01). CONCLUSION: Clinical measurement of the internal and external rotation of the hip using a universal plastic goniometer is effective to assess the hip condition. However, application of universal plastic goniometer requires careful attention in more accurate evaluation and research verification of the internal and external rotation of hip joint.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.498-504
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• 2014

Objectives: This study investigated the change of foot rotation angle of gait analysis parameters according to gait improvement in post-stroke hemiplegic patients. Methods: We measured the foot rotation angle of eight post-stroke hemiplegic patients at the time of dependent and independent gait. Results: The foot rotation angle of the paralyzed side reduced closer to normal average according to gait improvement, but the non-paralyzed side not significantly. Conclusions: Improvement of foot rotation is an important thing for independent gait of post-stroke hemiplegic patients so this treatment seems worthy of being considered in clinical trials.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.39-45
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• 2019

PURPOSE: We investigated the most effective way to activate the posterior oblique sling muscles by performing prone hip extension exercises. METHODS: An electromyography system was used to measure the activation of the posterior oblique sling muscles (latissimus dorsi, gluteus maximus, multifidus, and biceps femoris) in three different prone hip extension exercises of in 12 healthy individuals (6 men and 6 women): 1) prone hip extension, 2) prone hip extension with internal rotation and extension of the arm, and 3) prone hip extension with internal rotation and extension of the arm with a 1-Ib dumbbell. RESULTS: The overall muscular activation of the posterior oblique sling muscles was more increased when performing 1) prone hip extension with internal rotation and 2) prone hip extension with internal rotation and extension of the arm with a 1-Ib dumbbell as compared with that during prone hip extension except for the biceps femoris activation. There was a statistically significant difference in the activities of the contralateral multifidi among all three exercises; of the ipsilateral multifidi in PHE1) prone hip extension alone, PHE2) prone hip extension with internal rotation and extension of the arm and PHE3) prone hip extension with internal rotation and extension of the arm with 1-Ib dumbbell; and of the ipsilateral gluteus maximus among all the prone hip extension exercises. There was no significant difference in the activity of the biceps femoris among the three exercises. CONCLUSION: Prone hip extension with internal rotation and with internal rotation and extension of the arm with 1-Ib dumbbell can activate the posterior oblique sling muscles and so prevent back pain in healthy people.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.152-157
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• 2019

Objective: We aimed to investigate differences of range of motion in measuring shoulder internal rotation (IR) and external rotation (ER) resulting from posture change in manual scapular stabilization in prone, hook-lying, sitting, and standing positions in healthy young adults. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: This study included healthy young adults who agreed to participate after a thorough explanation about the study purpose and methods. A clinometer was used to measure shoulder rotation. Measurements of shoulder rotation according to postural change were performed in prone, hook-lying, sitting, and standing positions. The repeated measures analysis of variance was used to compare between-group differences in postural change. Results: The lower the posture, the greater the average value of IR angle. In contrast, the higher the posture, the greater the average value of the external rotation angle. In active and passive IR with posture change, there was difference in average value but with no statistical significance. In active and passive ER, there was a statistically significant difference between prone and sitting, prone and standing, hook-lying and sitting, hook-lying and standing, and sitting and standing position (p<0.05). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that postural change should be considered in order to increase the strength or range of motion of the internal and external rotation of the patient's shoulder joint.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.24-31
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of the hip internal rotation on gluteal and erector spinae muscle electromyographic (EMG) activity during treadmill walking. Eleven healthy subjects were recruited. All subjects performed treadmill walking while maintaining the hip in neutral position (condition 1) and in internal rotation (condition 2). Surface EMG activity was recorded from four muscles (gluteus maximus (GM), gluteus medius (GMED), tensor fascia latae (TFL), and erector spinae (ES)) and the hip internal rotation angle was measured using a three dimensional motion analysis system. The gait cycle was determined with two foot switches, and stance phase was normalized as 100% stance phase (SP) for each condition using the MatLab 7.0 program. The normalized EMG activities according to the hip rotation (neutral or internal rotation) were compared using a paired t-test. During the entire SP of treadmill walking, the EMG activities of GM in condition 1 were significantly greater than in condition 2 (p<.05). The EMG activities of TFL and ES in condition 2 were significantly greater than in condition 1 (p<.05). The EMG activities of the GMED in condition 1 were significantly greater than in condition 1 (p>.05) except for 80~100% SP. Further studies need randomized control trials regarding the effect of hip internal rotation on the hip and lumbar spine muscle activity. Kinetic variables during gait or going up and down stairs are also needed.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.110-112
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• 1993

Molecular reorientation of oblate symmetric top molecules in the presence of internal rotation is investigated and an analytic expression for the overall reorientational correlation time is obtained. The overall reorientation of the symmetric top is treated by the anisotropic rotational diffusion and the internal rotation is analyzed by employing a model which describes jumps between several discrete states with different lifetimes. The lifetimes thus obtained can be compared with the internal angular momentum correlation time which appears when the internal rotation is treated by a modified extended rotational diffusion model.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.100-110
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• 1992

For an effective acupuncture treatment, the location of muscles around Sutaeumkyongkun and Suyangmyongkyongkun were researched and they were made contracted. The conclusion is as follows; 1. The contraction of muscles around Sutaeumkyongkun gives appearance of the postures ; free movement of thumb, abduction of extension of wrist, flexion and pronation of elbow, depression and abduction of girdle of superior limb, flexion, internal rotation and horizontal flexion of shoulder joint These postures all together consequently produces the action 'holding something in arms'. 2. The contraction of muscles around Suyangmyongkyongkun gives appearance of the postures; extension of metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joint of index finger extension and abduction of thumb, extension of wrist, extension and supination of elbow, adduction, elevation and upward rotation of girdle of superior limb, extension, abduction, adduction, internal rotation, external rotation, horizontal extension of shoulder joint, flexion and opposite rotation of neck. These postures all together consequently produces the action 'raising arms'.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.20-29
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• 1979

The origin of barriers to internal rotation of hydrogen peroxide and ethane is investigated by using the concept of Bonding and Antibonding Regions. The strong bond formations between the axial and end atoms on the same side make the real charge densities in these molecules less dependent on conformations than those in the hypothetical molecules having no axial atoms. Thus, the existence of the axial atoms should induce the migration of the transition density from the Bonding region to the Antibonding region. Barrier to internal rotation can be understood in terms of this migration of the transition density to such an extent that the change in nuclear-nuclear repulsion energy becomes the dominating part of the total perturbation energy.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.467-477
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• 2011

This study was performed to investigate the effects of tibial rotation while going up stair on muscle activity of vastus medialis oblique and vastus lateralis, and on patellar displacement. The subjects included 30 people (male: 15; female: 15) who were randomly assigned to the tibial internal-rotation, neutral-rotation, and external-rotation groups. The subjects went up the stair while performing the assigned rotations, and the rotation of the hip and the displacement of the patella were measured using a 3D motion analyzer. In addition, the maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) of the vastus medialis oblique and vastus lateralis were measured using surface electromyogram. On the tibial internal rotation, the hip rotation significantly appeared in the same direction and so did on the tibial neutral and external rotations(p<.001). Although the MVIC of the vastus medialis oblique and vastus lateralis did not significantly differ by tibial rotation during the stair ascent, the MVIC of the vastus medialis oblique was higher than that of the vastus lateralis during the internal and neutral rotations (p<.05). In addition, during the stair ascent, the displacement of the patella was more significant during the tibial external rotation than during the tibial internal and neutral rotations(p<.001). Thus, patients with patellofemoral pain are required to be considered the effects of tibial rotation for their rehabilitation.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.106-111
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• 2016

Purpose: The aim of this study is to determine the effect of glenohumeral (GH) rotation position in modified knee push-up plus exercise (MKPUP) by examining the surface electromyography (EMG) amplitude in serratus anterior (SA), pectoralis major (PM), and upper trapezius (UTz) and the activity ratio of each muscle. Methods: A total of 22 healthy subjects volunteered for the study. Each subject performed the MKPUP at $0^{\circ}$, $45^{\circ}$, and $90^{\circ}$ of GH joint internal rotation. EMG of the SA and PM, UTz was compared between GH rotation positions and each muscle activity ratio. EMG was used to measure the muscle activity in terms of ratios to maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC). Results: The difference in EMG activity during the exercise in three GH joint internal rotation positions was observed with the SA and the PM. The greater the GH joint internal rotation angle was, the lower the activity of the PM. In contrast, the SA showed higher activity. However, the activity of UT was similar under all conditions. The ratio of the SA and the PM was considerably greater at $90^{\circ}$ GH joint internal rotation than at $0^{\circ}$ and $45^{\circ}$. Conclusion: When excessive activation of the PM or imbalanced activation between the PM and the SA occurs, the MKPUP exercise is most effective at $90^{\circ}$ of GH joint internal rotation. Use of this position would be a beneficial strategy for selective strengthening of the SA and minimizing PM activation.