• Korea Trade Review
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.77-93
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• 2021

The results of this paper show that strategic and technical factors in the integration of logistics between shipping and logistics companies act as a synchronizing factor for internal and external logistics integration. In addition, internal integration of logistics is expanded to external integration, and internal and external logistics integration is shown to enhance the logistics performance of companies. In other words, the greater the strategic need for logistics integration and the higher the utilization of logistics technology, the stronger the motivation for logistics integration. Furthermore, both internal and external integration of logistics have a positive impact on companies' logistics costs and improvement of logistics services.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.27-44
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• 2012

The goal of supply chain integration is to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of supply chain for creating customer values. Supply chain integration can be classified into IT integration and structural integration. Also, structural integration can be collapsed into three dimensions: internal, supplier and customer integration. In this study, we investigate the relevance between customer value and supply chain integration. To explore the current study, we collected from 73 Korean firms. The results are as follows: First, customer value has a positively significant effect on IT integration. Second, customer value influences on customer integration but does not has an effect on internal and supplier integration. Third, IT integration improve internal, supplier and customer integration. Finally, each of structural integration positively influences firm performance. These results indicated that declaration of customer value is important factor in supply chain integration.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.13-20
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• 2019

This systematic review compared Korean and international researches on sensory integration therapy in patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We targeted studies on sensory integration therapy for patients with ASD published from January 2000 through July 2016. Specifically, we analyzed the papers that used the phrase 'sensory integration, autism' as keywords. There were fewer Korean studies of sensory integration therapy, and the diversity of research topics were limited, focusing mainly on case studies. There was no difference between the internal/external validity of Korean and those of international studies targeting the clinical environment and patients. Further study of a variety of aspects of sensory integration therapy is needed to gain high internal/external validity.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.26
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• pp.143-172
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• 2005

The biggest exchange of international environment of shipping logistics in 21 century should appear ultra-mega container ships on the shipping market. The competitive trend of large size container ship was based on economics of scale among the international shipping business. In the environment, shipping firms consider the integration of freight forwarder and shipper in the international logistics process. The aims of this research analyse a relation between the environment uncertainty and logistics information system(LIS) and the integration and resolve the integration and its impact on logistics performance. The research methodology of this research analyse structural equation modeling on the relation of variables. The results of research are as follows. First, Environmental uncertainty significantly influences the internal integration and the external integration. Second, LIS has an influence on the logistics integration by providing the foundation for LIS utilization in international logistics process. Third, the internal integration significantly influences a logistics performance, which implies that firms should promote interaction and collaboration through internal process integration to achieve logistics performance as the logistical cost and service. But the external integration is not significantly a logistics performance.

• Journal of The Institute of Information and Telecommunication Facilities Engineering
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.27-32
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• 2011

These days more electric devices are implemented in car, and more accurate estimation of SoC is required. OCV with current integration and Internal Resistance is essential method of Battery SoC Estimation. In this paper we propose OCV with current integration method and compare with Internal Resistance method. In OCV with current integration method estimation error was less than average 2%, but requires more than 5 minutes to stabilize OCV. If Stop and Running conditions are change frequently, estimation error will increase. In Internal resistance Modeling method, in high SoC state, estimation error was more than 15%, and in low SoC state, estimation error was less than 8%.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.59-72
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• 2010

Competition among enterprises has been more intensified as one among supply chains in the rapidly changing environment. This study investigated the influence of the supply chain integration factors, such as integration of functions inside an enterprise, integration of suppliers, and integration of customers, on the internal and external visibility, and non-financial and financial performances of enterprises. To test these relationships, the survey was conducted on suppliers, manufacturers, and distributors in Korea which have been implementing SCM. Eighty-one questionnaires were collected and used for this study. The study results using the covariance structure analysis are showed as follows. First, the integration of suppliers had a significant influence on both the internal and the external visibility of enterprises, while the integration of functions inside an enterprise had a significant impact on only the internal visibility of enterprises, and the integration of customers on only the external visibility. Second, the internal and external visibility of enterprises had significant impacts on non-financial performance of enterprises. However, the internal and external visibility of enterprises didn't give any direct or indirect influence on the financial performance of enterprises. Third, the non-financial performance of enterprises had a significant impact on financial performance of enterprises.

• Agribusiness and Information Management
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.40-54
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• 2021

Market integration and prices in pulse crops like black gram play an important role in determining the production decisions of the farmers and diversification towards high value nutritious crops. In this context, the present study explores extent of market integration and price transmission in selected major black gram markets in Andhra Pradesh using Johansen co-integration, Vector Error Correction Model and Granger causality test. The study used monthly prices data of black gram (Rs/quintal) sourced from selected markets of Srikakulam, Krishna and Kurnool spanning January, 1990 to December, 2019. The results of the study strongly buttressed the existence of co-integration and interdependence of selected black gram markets in Andhra Pradesh. However, the speed of adjustment of the prices found to be moderate in Krishna market and quite weaker in Srikakulam market and thereby prices correct a small percentage of the disequilibrium in these markets with the greatest percentage by the external and internal forces. So, it necessitates the need for future research, to investigate the influence of external and internal factors such as market infrastructure, Government policy and self-sufficient production, product characteristics and utilization towards market integration. As there exists only unidirectional causality from Krishna to Kurnool and from Krishna to Srikakulam markets, it calls for strengthening the information technology for flow of market information regularly to help the farmers for increasing their income.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.45-68
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• 2013

The goal of supply chain integration is to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of supply chain in order to deliver customer value. So, the fit of between supply chain integration strategy and customer value strategy is very important. Therefore, this study explores the different types of relationship between supply chain integration and customer value, as well as in the firm performances. Cluster analysis is used to develop the typology of supply chain integration, and five typology (High Internal Oriented Integration, Medium Oriented Internal Integration, High Supply Chain Integration, High Customer Oriented Integration, Medium Oriented External Integration) are identified. Analysis of variance is used to test the relationship between supply chain integration typology and customer value, and firm performances. The results show that there are statistically significant differences in customer value and firm performances.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.101-110
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• 2011

Recently, an attack to an application incapacitates the intrusion detection rule, the defense policy for a network and database and induces intrusion incidents. Thus, it is necessary to study integration security to ensure the security of an internal network and database from that attack. This article is about building an integration security system to prevent an attack to an application set with intrusion detection rules. It responds to network-based attack through detection, disperses attack with the internal integration security system through virtual clustering and load balancing, and sets up defense policy for attacking destination packets, analyzes and records attack packets, and updates rules through monitoring and analysis. Moreover, this study establishes defense policy according to attacking types to settle access traffic through virtual machine partition policy and suggests an integration security system applied to prevent attack and tests its defense. The result of this study is expected to provide practical data for integration security defense for hacking attack from outside.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.113-122
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• 2004

This study examined. the acculturation type and adjustment of 914 Korean-Chinese adolescents living in Shenyang and Harbin, China. Adolescents completed a questionnaire consisted of items regarding acculturation, school adjustment, expectation of education, and internal locus of control: The results are summarized as follows: 1) Adolescents in Shenyang spoke more chinese and showed lower internal locus of control than adolescents in Harbin. 2) Adolescents in Shenyang showed more integration and assimilation types, while adoelscents in Harbin showed more separation type. 3) Adolescents in Shenyang showed difference in their adjustment across acculturation types, while adolescents in Harbin did not. In Shenyang, adolescents of integration and assimilation showed higher expectation of education, and adolescents of separation revealed higher internal locus of control.