• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.37-41
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of internal transport using Ilizarov apparatus with free flap surgery for infected tibial nonunion. Materials and Methods: We reviewed 8 patients of infected tibial nonunion treated with internal transport using Ilizarov apparatus and free flap surgery. Seven of eight patients were available for at least 1 year follow-up. All patients were male. The mean age at the time of the surgery was All fractures were Gustilo's type III B open fracture. The mean length of the bone defect was 8.5 cm. All used flaps for covering the soft tissue defect were free rectus abdominis muscle flap. We evaluated bone and functional results with use of the Paley and Catagni's classification. And we classified the complication with use of the Paley's classification. Results: Acceptable length and solid union of bone was achieved in all cases. The mean size of the bone length was 7.2 cm. The mean healing index was 69.5 days/cm. All but one case needed bone graft at docking site. All flaps were survived. There was no recurrence of infection. According to Paley and Catagni's classification, all cases showed excellent or good results. Complications were pin tract infection in 3 cases, persistent pain in 2 cases and limitation of joint motion in 2 cases. Conclusion: Simultaneous free-tissue transfer and Ilizarov distraction osteogenesis was thought to be an attractive treatment modality for infected nonunion of the tibia.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.218-222
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• 1993

Lung/heart uptake ratio (L/H R) in $^{201}Tl$ myocardial perfusion scan is a reliable marker for long-term prognosis in patients with coronary artery disease. However, the value of L/H R in $^{99m}Tc-MIBI$ myocardial perfusion scan is controversial in determining the prognosis and severity of the coronary artery disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical implications of L/H R in $^{99m}Tc-MIBI$ myocardial perfusion scan. Forty five patients who received $^{99m}Tc-MIBI$ myocardial perfusion scan were divided into control group and coronary artery disease (CAD) group by their clinical findings, EKGs, and $^{99m}Tc-MIBI$ myocardial perfusion scans. Twenty five patients in CAD group were divided into ischemic group and infarct group according to their results from $^{99m}Tc-MIBI$ myocardial perfusion scan. L/H R was calculated on the anterior planar view, 60 minutes after infusion of dipyridamole. Two regions of interest (ROI) were placed on the left lung area 8 pixel above the left ventricle and on the myocardial area which had the highest radioactivity. In the control group, there were no significant differences of L/H R according to sex and age. No significant difference of L/H R was found between the control and CAD group ($0.26{\pm}0.06,\;0.29{\pm}0.05$, p>0.05). In the CAD group, there was also no significant difference of L/H R between the ischemic group and infarct group ($0.29{\pm}0.07,\;0.30{\pm}0.04$, p>0.05). L/H R in CAD group did not show correlations with the defect area of stress polar map (r=0.18, p >0.05) and with the sum of severity weighted extent score or reversibility score which represent severity and extent of myocardial perfusion defect area in stress (r=0.18, p>0.05). We conclude that it is difficult to use L/H R as a marker for severity of CAD in dipyridamole $^{99m}Tc-MIBI$ myocardial perfusion scan.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.89-97
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• 1994

Although bone scan is a highly sensitive test for detecting bone metastasis, its findings are often limited in specificity and cannot be used for assessing the bone marrow. Bone marrow scintigraphy may provide useful information but previous experience with radiolabelled colloid has been disappointing. Recently, $^{99m}Tc$ labeled anti-granulocyte monoclonal antibody (anti-NCA-95 MAb) has been introduced as a new bone marrow imaging agent. To evaluate the usefulness of $^{99m}Tc$ anti-NCA MAb bone marrow scans for detecting skeletal metastasis, bone marrow scans of 44 malignant tumor patients were evaluated and compared with bone scan findings. Bone scan showed abnormal lesions in 26(59%) cases, and 18 of these patients also had an abnormal bone marrow scan. Seven of the 8 patients who had normal bone marrow scan despite bone scan lesions were confirmed to be free from metastasis. There was one case with a marrow defect despite normal bone scan but the presence of metastasis was not determined due to loss of follow up. Bone scan demonstrated a total of 64 lesions while bone marrow scan showed 38 lesions. Fifty percent (32/64) of the bone scan lesions had matching marrow defects while the remaining 50% did not. Most of these non matched lesions were suggested to be nonspecific lesions such as rib fractures or degenerative change. Meanwhile bone marrow scan was able to detect 6 new lesions not detected by bone scan, bit metastasis in each lesion was not confirmed. Bone marrow scan was also helpful in assessing equivocal bone scan lesions to be of metastatic nature in 10 patients by demonstrating a matched marrow defect. Thus $^{99m}Tc$ anti-NCA MAb bone marrow scan can help exclude metastasis in patients with nonspecific bone scan lesions and may be able to detect metastatic lesions not seen with bone scan. It appears useful as a complementary study to bone scan in evaluating malignant tumor patients.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.902-910
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• 2020

Medial medullary infarction, with representing symptoms of hemiparesis, lingual palsy, and sensory defect, usually has a bad prognosis. The present case is unusual as the patient had a bilateral infarction, and little information is available for bilateral cases. We treated a patient diagnosed with bilateral medial medullary infarction with the symptoms of quadriplegia, lingual palsy, dyspnea, dysphagia, spastic pain, and loss of proprioception. After 126 days of traditional Korean medicine treatment, the patient showed increased muscle power, sensory recovery, reduced spastic pain, and alleviation of dysphagia and dyspnea. This report indicates that traditional Korean medicine could be an effective treatment of the sequelae of medullary infarctions.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.746-760
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• 2009

Objectives : This study was designed to evaluate the effect of Hasuogamibang (HGB) on hyperlipidemia and antioxidant activity. Methods : For this study, we divided four groups of rats (normal WKY group, normal SHR group, high cholesterol diet and saline-treated SHR group, high cholesterol diet and HGB-treated SHR group), and observed the change of body weight, weight of liver, cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose, albumin, histologic change of liver and aorta, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant activity of liver tissue, and cholesterol gene revelation control efficiency. Results : Total-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides were decreased significantly by HGB. However, HDL-cholesterol increased significantly. The tissue of liver and aorta were controlled defect by HGB on histologic study. Lipid peroxidation and SOD of liver tissue was decreased significantly by HGB. Gene revelation of ACAT and HMG CoA reductase in hepatic tissue was decreased significantly by HGB. Conclusion : This study suggests that HOB is significantly effective on hyperlipidemia and antioxidant activity.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.36 no.10
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• pp.1227-1234
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• 2012

In this study, fatigue tests were carried out using real-scale pipe bend specimens with wall-thinning defects under a cyclic bending load together with a constant internal pressure of 10 MPa. The wall-thinning defect was located at the extrados and the intrados of the pipe bend specimens. A fully reversed cyclic in-plane bending displacement was applied to the specimens. For the pipe bends with wall thinning at the extrados, an axial crack occurred at the crown of the pipe bend rather than at the extrados where the defect was located. In addition, the fatigue life was longer than that of a sound pipe bend predicted from the design fatigue curve in ASME Sec.III, and it was less dependent on the axial length of the wall-thinning defect. For the pipe bends with wall thinning at the intrados, a circumferential crack occurred at the intrados. In this case, the fatigue life was much shorter than that of a sound pipe bend predicted from the design fatigue curve, and it clearly decreased with decreasing axial length of the wall-thinning defect.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.55-64
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• 2024

This paper proposes a fusion imaging-based coating-defect classification method for steel structures that uses zero-shot learning. In the proposed method, a halogen lamp generates heat energy on the coating surface of a steel structure, and the resulting heat responses are measured by an infrared (IR) camera, while photos of the coating surface are captured by a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera. The measured heat responses and visual images are then analyzed using zero-shot learning to classify the coating defects, and the estimated coating defects are visualized throughout the inspection surface of the steel structure. In contrast to older approaches to coating-defect classification that relied on visual inspection and were limited to surface defects, and older artificial neural network (ANN)-based methods that required large amounts of data for training and validation, the proposed method accurately classifies both internal and external defects and can classify coating defects for unobserved classes that are not included in the training. Additionally, the proposed model easily learns about additional classifying conditions, making it simple to add classes for problems of interest and field application. Based on the results of validation via field testing, the defect-type classification performance is improved 22.7% of accuracy by fusing visual and thermal imaging compared to using only a visual dataset. Furthermore, the classification accuracy of the proposed method on a test dataset with only trained classes is validated to be 100%. With word-embedding vectors for the labels of untrained classes, the classification accuracy of the proposed method is 86.4%.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.37-43
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• 1994

The coronary collateral vessels have revealed their significance in terms of reduction of infarct size, preservation left ventricular function, and prevention of left ventricular aneurysm in patients with myocardial infarction. The purpose of this study were to evaluated the relation between collateral circulation and $^{99m}Tc$-MIBI Heart SPECT in patient with acute myocardial infarction and their clinical significance. The fifty six MI patients with antegrade TIMI perfusion grade 0 and 1 were studied. The patients were classified into two groups; Group I inclueded 30 patients with grade 2, 3 Collateral flow. Group II inclueded 26 patients with grade 0, 1 Collateral flow. Collateral filling were graded from 0 to 3: 0- none, 1- Filling of side branch only, 2- Partial filling of the epicardial segment, 3- Complete filling of epicardial segment. Clinical variables, left ventricular function, $^{99m}Tc$-MIBI Heart SPECT were analyzed with angiographic finding. Results were following: 1) Collateral visualization was found to be greater in patient with involvement of right coronary artery (RCA). The collateral development site of infarct related artery was RCA 15 cases, left anterior descending artery (LAD) 10 cases, left circumflex artery (LCX) 5 cases, and the collateral circulation from LAD to RCA was 13 cases (40.6%). 2) There was a tendency to be decreased in peak CK activity with group I. 3) The presence of good collateral channels was more frequently $^{99m}Tc$-MIBI reversible perfusion defect (83.4% vs 15.3%, p<0.05). 4) No differences of left ventricular end diastolic volume (LVEDV), left ventricular end systolic volume (LVESV), ejection fraction (EF) were noted between group I and group II. The presence of good collateral channels did affect the frequency of occurrence of $^{99m}Tc$-MIBI reversible perfusion defect.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.28-34
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• 1999

The need for reconstruction of large bone, soft tissue defect of mandible has greater emphasis due to development of industry, traumatic accident and increase of tumor. The mandibular reconstruction had greatly progressed through the first and the second World Wars. The Fibular free flap by using microscope was reported in 1970 and many maxillofacial reconstructive surgeons had used. In 1988, Dr. Hidalgo first reported mandibular reconstruction by using fibular free flap. Mandibular reconstruction by using fibular free flap has several advantages. First, it provides up to 25 cm of bone, enough to reconstruct any length of mandible defect. Second, a skin island, based on a septocutaneous blood supply, is available in a size large enough to simultaneously reconstruct internal and external soft tissue defect. Third, The fibular donor site morbidity is low, fourth, it provides a esthetic effect of mandible line. And finally bone viability is good. The Fibular osteocutaneous free flap was performed after COMMANDO operation due to squamous cell cancer in oral cavity (15 cases). Therefore we report out successful operation of the mandible reconstruction by using fibular osteocutaneous free flap.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.27 no.11
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• pp.7-16
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• 2010

In this study, wire was used as the filler material for the laser repair welding, and the phenomenon in which the supplied filler material was melted and beaded down into the specimen was examined with varying laser powers and welding speeds. The optimal processing condition was found to be the laser power of 1,300 W, the welding speed and feed wire supply speed of 0.5 ml/in and the defocused distances of +2mm. At this time, the heat input(E) was $65{\sim}75\;J/mm^2$, and no internal defect occurred. When repair welding was carried out as the optimal processing for the part that had an external defect with the radius of 2mm, the filler metal was melted, resulting in the volume smaller than the defect part and thus causing the part unfilled. Therefore, it was found to be necessary to carry out repair welding two to three times by multiple passes rather than does it only once by single pass.