• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2017

This paper analyzes empirically how the three main industries (petrochemical industry, shipbuilding industry, automobile industry) that are driving the growth of Ulsan region in 2005~2013 have grown by what factors. For this purpose, we investigate the structural changes of the three main industries by using regional input-output tables announced by the Bank of Korea and examine the growth contribution rate of each industry that is divided into domestic final demand, export demand, import substitution for final goods, import substitution for intermediate goods and technological change, respectively. The growth rate of gross output and aggregate demand in petrochemical and automobile industries increased in 2010-1013 compared to 2005-2010, but the growth rate of gross output and aggregate demand in shipbuilding industry slowed down. As a result of analysis of factors contributing to the increase in gross output of the three main industries, export demand has the greatest effect. By industry, the rate of growth contribution of export demand in petrochemical industry is recorded as 209.23% in 2005-2010 and 113.78% in 2010-2013, respectively. The rate of growth contribution of export demand in automobile industry is recorded as 258.72% in 2005-2010 and 72.69% in 2010-2013, respectively. On the other hand, the rate of growth contribution of export demand in shipbuilding industry is recorded as 94.47% in 2005-2010, but it decreased to -255.32% in 2010-2013. Analysis of growth factors of Ulsan's three main industries is expected to serve as the basis for reorganizing related industrial policies and establishing them.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.457-479
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• 2013

Through a Chinese rise, Chinese dream is actualizing as the world's great power. According to outlook of World Bank and IMF, Around 2030 China will be a great power bigger than America's economic power. The rise of China will give a huge impact to the whole world. China expands her influence through a global manufacturing base and a global market. To actualize 'Peaceful Rise' Strategy, China has many constraints. Chinese society is facing many difficult social problem due to side effects of a rapid development. Such as the spread of corruption, the severity of wealth gap, environmental degradation and energy shortage. Internationally there are containment from hegemon so-called 'China threat' dispute, Taiwan issue and territorial disputes. Western countries are hostile to China for two reasons. Based on expectations, one is China's socialist system and the other is the rising China which will compete for supremacy with Europe and America. Recent emergence of Chinese nationalism and the containment of the neighboring countries are also serious limiting factors. Domestically they have the rampant corruption in the bureaucracy, weakened capacity of Communist rule, wealth disparity due to the discriminatory economic development strategy, seriousness of rural problem, social instability, lack of social security systems and the development gap between the eastern coastal areas and western inland areas, ethnic minorities problems, the constraint of sustainable development issues due to lack of resources, environmental pollution and energy constraints. Like the former Soviet Union, China may face a dismantlement. After the rise, China may encounter possibilities of a war between great powers or a collapse of Chinese society caused by deepening internal conflict. Serious economic polarization would make peasants and urban workers, who are social vulnerable people, to turn their back to communist party and threaten the justification and the appropriateness of the ruling communist party. Chinese government will think internal system security threat is more formidable risk factor than a system security threat from the hegemon. The decline of great country comes from internal reasons rather than external reasons. To achieve peaceful rise, unification with Taiwan is an essential prerequisite. Taiwan issues are complex problems which equipped with international and domestic factors. Lack of energy resources, environmental pollution in China will bring economic crisis to Korean enterprises. Important influence to Korean economy will be a changeover of the method in economic development. It will turn the balance of investment and consumption, GDP-centered growth to consumption and environment-centered growth. Services industries including finance, environment, culture, education, health care and social welfare will grow. Change in China's growth model will give a great challenge upon the intermediate goods industry in Korea. Korea should reduce the portion of machinery, automotive, semiconductor, steel and chemical-centered export industry to China, and should increase the proportion of the service industry.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.99 no.4
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• pp.611-617
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• 2010

The current studies aim is to analyze the production cost of walnut tree cultivation and its object was targeted at walnut tree cultivating household region 163. The analysis is as follows. Our domestic walnut tree cultivating households averagely have cultivated about 0.7ha, and planting number per ha was averagely 204, and it showed that compared to the standard planting number (100), the plantation was done close planted. The most cultivar cultivated according to regions were Chungbuk region: sangchon 65.7%, Chungnam region: kwangduk 68.6%, Jeonbuk region: sangchon 98.0%, Gyeongbuk region: daeboo 61.2%. The production cost for cultivating walnuts can be classified into the followings; management cost(4436 thousand won/ha) such as manufacturing cost(292 thousand won/ha), intermediate material cost(3682 thousand won/ha), rent(103 thousand won/ha), employment cost(653 thousand won/ha) etc, and self-serviced expenses such as self-laboring cost(5,834 thousand won/ha), land security cost(490 thousand won/ha), fixed capital cost(834 thousand won/ha), circulating capital cost(234 thousand won/ha) etc. 11,820 thousand won were invested for the production cost of walnut and it made 11,586 thousand won/ha(rate of investment 72.3%) profit, and the net income was 4,196 thousand won/ha(net income rate 26.2%), showing high amount of income. The manufactured walnuts were marketed in Nong-hyup 39.8%, wholesalers 20.8%, dealers 19.8% and recently, as the amount of goods marketed directly to consumers themselves have increased, the income has reached up to 18.9%. At the basis of making most of idle soil, walnut tree's cultivated regions are fairly small, and due to the characteristics of sideline management, it has its limits in searching for production policy locally and promotion strategy of industries. Therefore, if the basic database can be established, subjected only to full-time cultivating households, then not only would the differences between the imported walnuts be reinforced, it would also be possible to transfer into the new and improved distribution system. Furthermore, through establishment of the database, it can be anticipated that it would contribute greatly in the increase of the household income.