• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.110-115
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• 1998

인삼 PD saponin(GPD)으로 배양한 고양이 말초혈액 단핵구세포(afNC) 배양상충 액에서 말초혈액 다형핵백혈구(PMNC)에 대한 interleukin(IL) 8 양 유주활성에 잔하여 검토 하였다. PMNC의 유주활성은 Hoyden chamber 변법으로 측정하였다. GPD를 첨가하여 배양 한 MNC배양상층액중에는 rMNC에 대한유주활성이 인정되었다. PMNC에 대하여 GPD 로 배양한 MNC 배양상층액중에 존재하는 유주활성이 IL 8 양 물질인지를 알아보기 위해 human recombinant IL 8을 이용하여 고양이 PMNC에 대해 유주팔성을 측정한 결과, GPD 로 배양한 MNC 배양상층액의 경우와 동등한 활성이 나타났다. Human IL 8 mAb를 사용하 여 GPD로 배양한 MNC 배양상층액중의 유주활성에 대한 중화반응을 살펴본 결과, GPD로 배양잔 MNC 배양상충액 및 human IL 8에 의해 증가되었던 PMNC의 유주활성은 IL 8 cAb의 첨가농토가 증가함에 따라 활성이 완전히 억제되었다. 또한 GPD로 배양한 고양이 MNC 배양상충액중의 유주활성은 열처리(4, 30, 37, 60 및 $100{\circ}C$) 및 산(pH 3.0)과 알카리 (pH 9.0)처리에도 안정성을 보여 human IL 8의 물리화학적 성상과 매우 유사하였다. 따라서 GPD로 배양한 MNC 배양상충액중에 존재하는 고양이 PMNC에 대한 유주활성은 feline IL 8 양 물질임을 강하게 시사하였다.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.241-246
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• 2003

Bambusae Caulis in Liquamen(BCL) has been used to relieve the cough and asthma, and remove the phlegm in traditional Oriental medicine. In recent years, it was studied for its antiinflammatory, antiallergenic, immune-modulating, and anticarcinogenic capabilities. This experiment was performed to evaluate the microarray profiles of CD genes in human mast cells before and after BCL treatment. The results are as follows: The expression of 51 of the genes studied was up-regulated in the Bel-treated group; they include the genes coding L apoferritin, beta-2-microglobulin, ferritin light polypeptide, CD63, monocyte chemotactic and activating fact, heme oxygenase 1, CD140a, integrin alpha M, colony stimulating factor 2 receptor, eukaryotic translation elongation factor, CD37, interleukin 18, NADH dehydrogenase 1 beta, CD48, 5-lipoxygenase activating protein, interleukin 4, ribosomal protein L5, GABA(A) receptor-associated protein, beta-tubulin, integrin beta 1, CD162, CD32, lymphotoxin beta, alpha-tublin, integrin alpha L, CD2, CD151, CD331, 90 kDa heat shock protein, CD59, CD3Z, microsomal glutathione S-transferase 2, CD33, CD162R, cyclophilinA, CD84, interleukin 9 receptor, interleukin 11, CD117, CD39-Like 2, and so forth. The expression of 7 of the genes studied was down-regulated in the BCL-treated group; they include the genes coding con, CD238, SCF, CD160, CD231, CD24, and CD130. Consequently, the treatment of BCL on the human mast cells increased the expression of 51 genes and decreased the expression of 7 genes. These data would provide a fundamental basis to the traditional applications of Bambusae Caulis in Liquamen.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.24.1-24.8
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• 2017

The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different algae in diet on growth, survival, and interleukin-10 productions of sea cucumber. At first, a 9-week feeding trail was conducted to evaluate the growth performance and survival of the sea cucumber fed one of the six experimental diets containing ST (Sargassum thunbergii), UL (Ulva lactuca), UP (Undaria pinnatifida), LJ (Laminaria japonica), SS (Schizochytrium sp.), and NO (Nannochloropsis oculata) in a recirculating aquaculture system. The result showed that survival was not significantly different among the dietary treatments, and the specific growth rate (SGR) of sea cucumber fed the UL diet ($1.58%d^{-1}$) was significantly higher than that of sea cucumber fed the other diets (P < 0.05), except for the LJ and NO diets. Secondly, interleukin (IL)-10 gene expression was determined where mice splenocytes were stimulated with $10{\mu}g\;ml^{-1}$ of sea cucumber extracts for 2 h. The result showed that IL-10 gene expression levels were significantly increased in UL, LJ, and NO diets fed sea cucumber extracts compared to other experimental diets. The results suggest that dietary inclusion with Ulva lactuca, Laminaria japonica, and Nannochloropsis oculata algae may improve the growth of juvenile sea cucumber and could upregulate IL-10 gene expression in mice splenocytes. Such detailed information could be helpful in further development of more appropriate diets for sea cucumber culture.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.442-448
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• 2004

Wogonin (5,7-dihydroxy-8-methoxyflavone) is a down-regulator of cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression, contributing to anti-inflammatory activity in vivo. For further characterization of modulatory activity on ploinflammatory gene expression in vivo, the effect of wogonin was examined in this experiment using animal models of skin inflammation. By topical application, wogonin inhibited an edematic response as well as ploinflammatory gene expression against contact dermatitis In mice. Wogonin inhibited ear edema ($19.4-22.6\%$) at doses of $50-200\;{\mu}g$/ear and down-regulated interleukin-$1{\beta}$ induction ($23.1\%$) at $200{\mu}g$/ear in phenol-induced simple irritation. Wogonin ($2{\times}50-2{\times}200{\mu}g$/ear) also inhibited edematic response ($51.2-43.9\%$) and down-regulated ploinflammatory gene expression of cyclooxygenase-2, interleukin-$1{\beta}$, interferon-$\gamma$, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and inducible nitric oxide synthase with some different sensitivity against picryl chloride-induced delayed hypersensitivity reaction. All these results clearly demonstrate that wogonin is a down-regulator of ploinflammatory gene expression in animal models of skin inflammation. Therefore, wogonin may have potential for a new anti-inflammatory agent against skin inflammation.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.91-97
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• 2000

Objective: The presence of the various cytokines in human peritoneal fluid has been evaluated incompletely. Changes in cytokine levels may be related to activation of peritoneal macrophage and T-lymphocyte, development of endometriosis, and infertility. This study assesses peritoneal fluid levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-10 (IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$) in infertile women with endometriosis and normal women without endometriosis. Design: Prospective and case-control study in university hospital. Materials and Methods: Cytokine levels in peritoneal fluid obtained during laparotomy or laparoscopy from 21 patients in infertile patients with endometriosis and 24 controls undergoing laparotomy or laparoscopy with no evidence of pelvic endometriosis were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The mean levels of interleukin-6 in infertile patients with endometriosis and controls were $72.7{\pm}23.7$ pg/ml and $18.5{\pm}9.7$ pg/ml respectively (p=0.02). Similarly, the mean levels of interleukin-8 in infertile patients with endometriosis was significantly higher than that of controls ($445.0{\pm}89.6$, vs $45.1{\pm}48.4$, p=0.04). The mean concentration of interleukin-10 in infertile patients with endometriosis was significantly lower than that of controls ($1.09{\pm}0.04$ vs $2.19{\pm}0.03$, p=0.03). The level of tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ was not significantly different between the two study groups. Conclusions: Increased IL-6 and IL-8 and decreased IL-10 levels in the peritoneal fluid may be related to pathogenesis in the endometriosis and infertility, suggesting that partially contribute to the disturbed immune regulation observed in infertili women with endometriosis.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.45-57
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• 2013

Objectives : Daucus carota sativa has been frequently used as food supplements in many of the Asian countries, and a nutritional medical drug in traditional medicine. This research investigated the effects of Daucus carota sativa extract (DCE) on acute phases of inflammation in Raw 264.7 cells treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in terms of the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin $E_2$ ($PGE_2$) and pro-inflammatory cytokines production. Methods : NO, $PGE_2$, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$, interleukin-$1{\beta}$ and interleukin-6 contents were assayed by ELISA, and expressions of inflammation-related proteins such as inducible NO synthase (iNOS) were determined by immunoblot analyses. Results : DCE treatment attenuated the LPS ability to increase the productions of NO and $PGE_2$ as well as the protein level of iNOS in a concentration-dependent manner. Consistently, treatment of the cells with DCE suppressed the production of TNF-${\alpha}$, interleukin-$1{\beta}$ and interleukin-6. DCE also caused decreases of inhibitor of ${\kappa}B{\alpha}$ phosphorylation induced by LPS in the cells, which means DCE inhibition of NF-${\kappa}B$ activity. Furthermore, DCE blocked LPS-induced phosphorylation of p38 and SAPK/JNK. Conclusion : This study showing here may be of help to understand the action mechanism of DCE, and provide the information for the medical use of Daucus carota sativa for the inflammatory disease.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.79-81
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• 2008

The effects of decursinol on various models of sepsis were investigated. Intra-peritoneal pretreatment of mice with various doses of decursinol ($1{\sim}100$ mg/kg) effectively suppressed lethality induced in three mouse models of experimental sepsis, i.e., lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/D-galactosamine (GalN), high-dose LPS (20 mg/kg), and cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Intra-peritoneal pretreatment of mice with decursinol (50 mg/kg) markedly enhanced the LPS/GalN -induced increase of plasma interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels, without affecting plasma TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-6 and IL-12 levels. These results suggest that decursinol could be effective for prevention or treatment of sepsis.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.13-16
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• 2000

Simple procedures have been devised for purifying recombinant human interleukin-2 (hIL-2), which was expressed in Escberichia coli using sequences of glucagon molecules and enterokinase cleavage site as an N-terminus fusion partner. The insoluble aggregates of recombinant fusion protein produced in E. coli cytoplasm were easily dissolved by simple alkaline pH shift $(8\rightarrow12\rightarrow8)$. Following enterokinase cleavage, the recombinant hIL-2 was finally purified by one-step reversed-phase HPLC with high purity. The ease and high efficiency of this simple purification process seem to mainly result from the role of used glucagon fusion partner, which could be applied to the production of other therapeutically important proteins.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.21-26
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• 2000

Cytokine deprivation-induced apoptosis can abrogate by the appropriate survival factors. Because the mechanism of Interleukin (IL)-2 deprived apoptotic cell death remains unclear, we here show the apoptosis in CTLL2 cells correlates with an increase of the activity of caspase3-like protease(s). Inhibition of caspase3-like protease(s) with caspase protease inhibitors (Z-VAD, Z-EVD, and Z-LPD) blocks typical apoptotic morphological abnormalities in CTLL2 cells. Interestingly, Bcl-{TEX}$X_{L}${/TEX} protein was decreased by IL-2 deprivation in the cells. These results suggest that caspase3-like protease(s), not caspase1, plays an important role in apoptosis execution of CTLL2 cell death.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.267-277
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• 2020

This study was conducted to assess the effect of highly concentrated onion intake on rodents. The experimental animals were divided two groups as follows; water administered group (CON) and Allium cepa administered group (ACE). The ACE group showed a slightly increases in the number of erythrocytes (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit (Hct) levels compared to the control group (p<0.05). Hemoglobin, monocyte, lymphocyte and neutrophil had no significant change (p>0.05) in ACE group and control group. The analysis of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) levels showed a significant decrease in ACE group compared to the control group (p<0.05). The blood glucose, total protein, HDL-cholesterol were slightly high in ACE group, while triglyceride, total cholesterol levels were lower in ACE group compared to the control group (p<0.05). The levels of cytokines (interluekin-1α (IL-1α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), interferon-γ (INF-γ), interleukin-18 (IL-18), interleukin-2 (IL-2), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)) involved in immunity and inflammation in liver tissue and blood have all been confirmed to be within normal range. These findings could be used as basic data to show that highly concentrated dietary onion extract is not toxic to hematological indicators and immune functions.