• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.59-69
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• 2001

The paper deals with the interaction between three Griffith cracks propagating under antiplane shear stress at the interface of two dissimilar infinite elastic half-spaces. The Fourier transform technique is used to reduce the elastodynamic problem to the solution of a set of integral equations which has been solved by using the finite Hilbert transform technique and Cooke’s result. The analytical expressions for the stress intensity factors at the crack tips are obtained. Numerical values of the interaction efect have been computed for and results show that interaction effects are either shielding or amplification depending on the location of each crack with respect to other and crack tip spacing. AMS Mathematics Subject Classification : 73M25.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.531-540
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• 2015

Objective: The objective of this research is to investigate the fundamentals of human computer interaction for wearable computers and derive technology requirements. Background: A wearable computer can be worn anytime with the support of unrestricted communications and a variety of services which provide maximum capability of information use. Key challenges in developing such wearable computers are the level of comfort that users do not feel what they wear, and easy and intuitive user interface. The research presented in this paper examines user interfaces for wearable computers. Method: In this research, we have classified the wearable user interface technologies and analyzed the advantages and disadvantages from the user's point of view. Based on this analysis, we issued a user interface technology to conduct research and development for commercialization. Results: Technology requirements are drawn to make wearable computers commercialized. Conclusion: The user interface technology for wearable system must start from the understanding of the ergonomic aspects of the end user, because users wear the system on their body. Developers do not try to develop a state-of-the-art technology without the requirement analysis of the end users. If people do not use the technology, it can't survive in the market. Currently, there is no dominant wearable user interface in the world. So, this area might try a new challenge for the technology beyond the traditional interface paradigm through various approaches and attempts. Application: The findings in this study are expected to be used for designing user interface for wearable systems, such as digital clothes and fashion apparel.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.82-93
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• 1991

The objective of this paper is to show that the soil-geotextile interaction needs to he addressed in addition to the usual tensile and modulus properties when the geotextile is being designed for a specific application. The soil-geotextile interaction can be directly assessed by standard direct shear test. The data presented here show that the shear strength paramaters describing the soil-geotextile interface can he greatly influenced by the type of the geotextile. In this investigation, we examined nine different geotextiles of varying construction and surface textures with two standard soil, under five loading conditions, and compared the shear strength and the frictional resistance with the corresponding values of soil itself The following conclusions were drawned from this study. 1. The shear stress-strain curve shows that there are the residual shear stresses at the soil-geotextile interface. Because of the hydraulic gradient between the soil and the geotextile, the excessive pore water can migrate into the geotextile and among the filaments and dissipate through the soil-geotextile interface. 2. The shear strength of the soil-geotextile interface is affected by the moisture content of the soil. At moisture content lower than the optimum water content of the Proctor compaction test, the shear strength of the soil-geotextile interface is greater. 3. The type and surface roughness of the geotextile have the greatest influence on the interface friction angle between the soil and the geotextile.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.02b
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• pp.281-289
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• 2006

본 연구의 목적은 어린이를 위한 인터랙티브 TV (KidTV)의 개발 사례를 통하여 사용자 인터페이스 디자인에 있어 제품디자인 영역의 특수성이 반영된 보다 적합한 인터랙티브 제품의 디자인 개발 체계를 개발하기 위한 관점을 찾는데 있다. 이를 위하여 본 연구에서는 인터랙션 디자인 프로젝트에서 제품디자인적 문제해결 과제인 물리적 형태부여의 주요 요소인 인터랙션 스타일을 보다 합리적으로 조형요소로써 반영하기 위한 해결안으로써 "Form follows function" 이라는 루이스 설리반의 주장에서 힌트를 얻어 현시적 관점에서 그의 주장을 재해석하여 "Form follows Interaction" 이라는 디자인 키워드를 통하여 사용자 인터페이스 디자인에서의 제품디자인 측면의 인터페이스 개발을 위한 하나의 관점으로 제안하고자 한다. 이를 통하여 다양한 학제가 결합하여 진행할 수 밖에 없는 사용자 인터페이스 디자인에 있어 여러 다른 학제들과 제품디자인 영역간의 이해를 돕고 사용자 인터페이스 전체적인 관점에서 제품디자인 영역의 디자인 개발체계를 확립할 수 있는 하나의 관점을 제공하고자 한다.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.55-63
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• 2021

This study proposes an interface for providing mobile interaction suitable for mobile virtual reality (VR) and analyzes it through comparative experiments. The proposed interface is premised on not using additional equipment except for the mobile head-mounted display(HMD) in consideration of accessibility and usability. And the interface that controls the movement interaction using the user's gaze is designed in two phases. The key is to minimize the occurrence of negative factors such as VR sickness that can be caused by straight line movement in virtual reality. To this end, two phases are designed: an interface composed of forward/backward buttons to move the gaze toward the ground, and an interface composed of left and right buttons on the front in consideration of the gaze change in real walking motion. An application that can compare and analyze movement interactions through the proposed interface is produced, and a survey experiment is conducted to analyze the user's satisfaction with the interface experience and the negative impact on the movement process. It was confirmed that the proposed movement interaction reduced negative effects such as VR sickness along with a satisfactory interface experience for users.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.48-56
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• 2012

Digital technology in modern society is entering the era of digital convergence and ubiquitous computing, and is playing an important role to overcome the limitation of time and space. Based on new media method's rapid application development, a wide range of forms as digital design is made possible. A large part of our living such as information sharing, collaboration, production, recreation, working and various social activities has been realized from the space that digital media offer. As we see a much broader range, the digital media's diverse expressions affect, in interactive ways, not only the relationship between humans and things, between each individual human, and between humans and the environment, but also even emotional purification and realm of educational, cultural, and social aspect. In this study, the aim is to discuss the user-centered design considered for integration into the interaction space design method and is to concentrate on research on. Focusing on digital media, user-friendly interface features of the space environment, construction and utilization of digital media have been applied to try to analyze the interaction effect of space that is created for the design and application of various applications and will seek ways. Thus, various case-studies have been explored where interface space is developed, creating virtual reality through cognitive basis and 3-D interface space. For example, emotional expressions are embedded for the space of commerce, education and exhibition, enabling intercommunication through haptic interface, with changing sound and visual effects which are caused by the movement of people in a certain space. With consideration of the relationship between physical environment and objects, interactive design should be achieved by providing a human oriented interface based on social, cultural and environmental aspects.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.575-586
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• 2015

In NATM tunnel, the Ground-Lining Interaction model(GLI model) had been proposed a one of the numerical analysis as the ground load estimation method of the concrete lining. But this model was not applied with the interface mechanism between the ground and the support member or concrete lining. Therefor in this study, it is implemented as a model for closer than actual states that the interface element applied to the existing GLI model. And the modified GLI formula is proposed with the ground load estimation that is from the numerical results for each ground and rock cover conditions. Based on the numerical results, the ground load acting on concrete lining is reduced to ave. 88~106% in case of IV ground condition and ave. 47~57% in case of weathered soil condition comparing with the existing GLI model. It can be anticipated that the results obtained from this study can be applied to an estimation of the ground load on the concrete lining modeled like as real states, consistent and economical design.

• Transactions on Control, Automation and Systems Engineering
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.285-297
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• 2000

One of the research objectives in the area of multimedia human-computer interaction is the application of artificial intelligence and robotics technologies to the development of computer interfaces. This involves utilizing many forms of media, integrating speed input, natural language, graphics, hand pointing gestures, and other methods for interactive dialogues. Although current human-computer communication methods include computer keyboards, mice, and other traditional devices, the two basic ways by which people communicate with each other are voice and gesture. This paper reports on research focusing on the development of an intelligent multimedia interface system modeled based on the manner in which people communicate. This work explores the interaction between humans and computers based only on the processing of speech(Work uttered by the person) and processing of images(hand pointing gestures). The purpose of the interface is to control a pan/tilt camera to point it to a location specified by the user through utterance of words and pointing of the hand, The systems utilizes another stationary camera to capture images of the users hand and a microphone to capture the users words. Upon processing of the images and sounds, the systems responds by pointing the camera. Initially, the interface uses hand pointing to locate the general position which user is referring to and then the interface uses voice command provided by user to fine-the location, and change the zooming of the camera, if requested. The image of the location is captured by the pan/tilt camera and sent to a color TV monitor to be displayed. This type of system has applications in tele-conferencing and other rmote operations, where the system must respond to users command, in a manner similar to how the user would communicate with another person. The advantage of this approach is the elimination of the traditional input devices that the user must utilize in order to control a pan/tillt camera, replacing them with more "natural" means of interaction. A number of experiments were performed to evaluate the interface system with respect to its accuracy, efficiency, reliability, and limitation.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.67-75
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• 2008

In construction facilities such as bridges, the fluid boundary layer(or water film) is formed at the structure-soil interface by the inflow into the system due to rainfall or/and rising ground-water. As a result, the structure-soil interaction(SSI) state changes into the structure-fluid-soil interaction(SFSI) state. In general, construction facilities may be endangered by the inflow of water into the soil foundation. Thus, it is important to predict the dynamic SFSI responses accurately so that the facilities may be properly designed against such dangers. It is desired to have the robust tools of attaining such a purpose. However, there has not been any report of a method for the SFSI analyses. The objective of this study is to propose an efficient method of finite element modelling using the new interface element named hybrid interface element capable of giving reasonable predictions of the dynamic SFSI response. This element enables the simulation of the limited normal tensile resistance and the tangential hydro-plane behaviour, which has not been preceded in the previous studies. The hybrid interface element was tested numerically for its validity and employed in the analysis of SFSI responses of the continuous bridge subjected to seismic load under rainfall or/and rising ground-water condition. It showed that dynamic responses of the continuous bridge resting on direct foundation may be amplified under rainfall condition and consequently lead to significant variation of stresses.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.02a
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• pp.366-371
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• 2008

In this paper, we suggest a haptic interface and a framework of interaction with haptic feedback based Windows graphical user interface (GUI) in a computing device with touch screen. The events that occur during a user interacts with Windows interfaces through a touch screen are filtered out by the Windows Interface Message Filter (WIMF) and converted into appropriate haptic feedback information by the Haptic Information Provider (HIP). The haptic information are conveyed to users through a stylus-like haptic interface interacting with a touch screen. Major Windows interaction schemes including button click, menu selection/pop-up, window selection/movement, icon selection/drag & drop and scroll have been implemented and user tests show the improved usability since the haptic feedback helps intuition and precise manipulation.