• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.215-220
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• 2007

The superexchange interaction is introduced to explain antiferromagnetic ordering in transition metal compounds such as MnO and $MnF_2$. The anisotropic superexchange (Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya: DM) interaction can be derived by incorporating the spin-orbit interaction into the superexchange interaction. The anisotropic superexchange DM can account for the weak ferromagnetism observed in transition metal compounds such as ${\alpha}-Fe_2O_3$, $MnCO_3$, $CrF_3$.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.638-645
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• 2004

In this study, the on-line discussion learning system of physics investigation was developed for developing the creativity in the problem solving and critical thinking. And with the number of participants of a topic unit, the formation of multiple discussion field and a turn-taking, we found that the interaction patterns of the students were composed of interpersonal interaction pattern, interaction pattern of one to one participation, interaction pattern of one to many participation and interaction pattern of many to many participation. These interaction patterns could make us understand the participation structure and the aspect of interaction of the students in the cyber space.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.145-155
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• 2016

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate trajectories of child peer interaction and to compare the causal effects of their predictors, including child individual variables (i.e., gender, language ability, and cognitive ability) and teacher variables (i.e., teacher efficacy and teacher-child interaction). Methods: The participants of this study were 263 children and their teachers from the forth to sixth waves of longitudinal data from the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey by the Korea Institute of Child Care and Education. The data was analyzed using Pearson's correlation and latent growth modeling. Results and Conclusion: The findings of this study are as follows: First, there was a linear decrease in child negative peer interaction over the course of 3 years, and significant individual differences were found in the trajectories (intercept and slope). Second, the predictors had significant casual effects on the trajectories of child negative peer interaction. The trajectories of child negative peer interaction involving girls, higher cognitive ability, and greater teacher-child interaction showed lower degree of intercept and a quicker decrease. Finally, the implications of findings are discussed.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.25 no.11
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• pp.1518-1526
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• 2001

In this paper, the mechanism of unsteady potential interaction and wake interaction in one stage axial turbine is numerically investigated at design point in two-dimensional viewpoint. The numerical technique used is the upwind scheme of Van-Leer's Flux Vector Splitting (FVS) and Cubic spline interpolation is applied on zonal interface between stator and rotor. The inviscid analysis is used to embody the influence of potential interaction only and viscous analysis is used to embody the influences of both potential interaction and wake interaction at the same time. The potential-flow disturbance from the stator into a rotor passage and the periodic blockage effect of rotor produce the unsteady pressure on the blade surface in inviscid analysis. After the wake is cut by rotor, two counterrotating votical patterns flanking the wake centerline in the passage are generated. So, these phenomena magnify the unsteady pressure in viscous analysis than that in inviscid analysis. The resulting unsteady forces on the rotor, generated by the combined interaction of the two effects by potential and wake interaction, are discussed.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.50-58
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• 2003

Recently we have built a VR(Virtual Reality) theater in Kyongju, Korea, which combines the advantages of VR and IMAX theater. The VR theater provides a virtual environment for several hundreds of people at the same time. The VR theater can be characterized by a single shared screen and by multiple inputs from several hundreds of people. In this case, multi-user interaction is different from that of networked VR systems and must be reconsidered. This paper defines the multi-user interaction in such a VR theater as Audience Interaction, and discusses key issues for the implementation of the Audience Interaction. This paper also presents a real implementation example in the Kyongju VR theater.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.93-110
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of toddler's temperament and toddler-teacher relationship on their peer interaction, focusing on gender differences. A total of 221 toddlers(122 boys and 99 girls) attending 16 child care centers in South Korea participated in this study. Each toddler was observed during a free-play period in the classroom over 4 sessions of 5 minutes, so a total of 20 minutes was measured. Two observers scored recorded observation scenes with two peer interaction criteria, including interaction initiation and interaction participation level. The main results of this study are as follows: First, there was a signigicant gender difference in peer interaction and toddler's temperament and toddler-teacher relationship. Second, the factor of toddler-teacher relationship significantly predicted the boys' peer interaction, while for the girls, the significant predictor was intentional control of temperamental factors. Further, implications for different approaches according to the gender difference of the affecting factor on toddlers' peer interaction have been discussed.

• Journal of Korean language education
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.197-225
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to compare the difference in the interactions between beginning language learners and heritage learners on their forms based on the interaction hypothesis. In this study, three types of information gap activities were used to analyze Language Related Episodes (LREs) while investigating the interaction patterns in language use between four pairs (eight learners) of foreign learners and four pairs (eight learners) of English-speaking heritage learners. The result indicated that foreign learners had a high focus on form during interaction. In particular, they had a tendency to focus on vocabulary rather than grammar, and they conducted self-repair by examining and mostly adjusting their speech to postposition and tense. However, in the problem-solving process, they showed a limited ability in interaction, and thus directly asked others to settle the problem or resorted to using English due to their lack of ability to employ various communication strategies. However, heritage learners had a relatively low focus on form compared to foreign learners. Yet, they also focused more on vocabulary rather than grammar and conducted self-repair in interaction, especially for vocabulary. In addition, they were skillful at using various communication strategies such as indirect expressions, use of alternative words, evasion, and delaying, to expand speech and prevent communication breakdown. They focused less on grammar and mostly did not provide negative feedback in interaction.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.371-391
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to analyze manifestation examples and effects of group creativity in mathematical modeling and to discuss teaching and learning methods for group creativity. The following two points were examined from the theoretical background. First, we examined the possibility of group activity in mathematical modeling. Second, we examined the meaning and characteristics of group creativity. Six students in the second grade of high school participated in this study in two groups of three each. Mathematical modeling task was "What are your own strategies to prevent or cope with blackouts?". Unit of analysis was the observed types of interaction at each stage of mathematical modeling. Especially, it was confirmed that group creativity can be developed through repetitive occurrences of mutually complementary, conflict-based, metacognitive interactions. The conclusion is as follows. First, examples of mutually complementary interaction, conflict-based interaction, and metacognitive interaction were observed in the real-world inquiry and the factor-finding stage, the simplification stage, and the mathematical model derivation stage, respectively. And the positive effect of group creativity on mathematical modeling were confirmed. Second, example of non interaction was observed, and it was confirmed that there were limitations on students' interaction object and interaction participation, and teacher's failure on appropriate intervention. Third, as teaching learning methods for group creativity, we proposed students' role play and teachers' questioning in the direction of promoting interaction.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.59-76
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• 2019

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the structural relationship and influence of parents' family interaction, parenting efficacy, and child internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors. Methods: 1,418 children and their parents, and survey data from a panel study on Korean children (2014), were used to analyze the structural equation model. Results: First, the mother's family interaction had direct influence on their parenting efficacy, as well as their child's internalization and externalization. Second, the father's family interaction had a direct influence only on the internal problem behaviors of the child, and child external problem behaviors were influenced through the father's parenting efficacy. Third, parenting efficacy mediated the effects of family interaction on the problem behavior of children. Especially, the father's family interaction was found to affect child variables through the mother's parenting efficacy. Finally, the internalizing problem behaviors of the child mediated the effects of the parents' family interaction and parenting efficacy on child externalizing problem behaviors. Conclusion/Implications: The results of this study are significant in that the factors of father, mother, and child are interrelated, and that parent interaction has varying influence on the problems of their children.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.133-138
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• 2020

Interaction is an important component in the sense of immersion in augmented reality. However, the function of interaction in augmented reality contents is very weak. Bringing a lot of real environmental information is one of the ways to develop augmented reality, and interaction will naturally develop. In this paper, Leap Motion was used for natural interaction in augmented reality environment through the hand widely used as an interface tool, and extended more from the limited interaction of conventional display touch methods to create a natural interaction. This development of interaction will contribute to the development of various contents as well as augmented reality later.