• 한국임상보건과학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.963-972
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• 2017

Purpose. This study uses Ajzen's theory of planned behavior to investigate predictors associated with the intention of smoking cessation in smokers among high school students in a community. Method. The study population consisted of 138 smokers from high school students in a community. Between May to April 2015, Data was collected through questionnaires. Data analysis was performed using the PASW 21.0 program, and one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression analysis. Results. The mean intention of smoking cessation of this study was 3.98/5. The significant correlates of the intention of smoking cessation were attitudes toward smoking cessation (${\beta}=.36$, p=.003), self efficacy for smoking cessation (${\beta}=.44$, p<.001), satisfaction of school life (${\beta}=.22$, p=.009), number of friends smoking (${\beta}=.76$, p<.001), and previous experience of smoking cessation (${\beta}=.92$, p<.001). These variables explained 75.6% of variance in the intention of smoking cessation. Conclusion. The study suggests that various factors including previous experience of smoking cessation, number of friends smoking, self efficacy for smoking cessation and attitudes toward smoking cessation were important variables in explaining the intention of smoking cessation among high school students. Therefore, these variables are crucial in determining the promotion and intention of smoking cessation among high school students.

• 보건의료기술평가
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.114-122
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• 2018

Objectives: In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of the typical anti-smoking advertisement on smoking cessation intention in citizens of Ulsan Metropolitan City. Methods: A total of 700 citizens (600 adults and 100 high school student) participated in face-to-face interviews survey using paper questionnaire. Three anti-smoking advertisements were used in this study; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patient video advertisement, tobacco hazard information advertisement, and COPD patient voice advertisement. Each participant randomly evaluated only one of the three non-smoking anti-smoking advertisements. Participants were asked whether they had seen or heard anti-smoking advertisements before and asked whether they understood the advertisement well. They also assessed the effectiveness of non-smokers to maintain smoking cessation and how effective it would be to help smokers quit. Results: Among the three anti-smoking advertisements, 54.8% of participants said that they watched COPD patient video advertisement before. More than 95% of participants said they can understood anti-smoking advertisements. Among the three anti-smoking advertisements, tobacco hazard information advertisement was evaluated to be most effective to maintain non-smokers' smoking cessation (234, 92.5%). Tobacco hazard information advertisement was also evaluated to be most effective to make smokers quit smoking (216, 84.7%). Conclusion: Anti-smoking advertisements have a positive effect on non-smoker's willingness to keep smoking and smokers' willingness to quit smoking. In future studies, it would be meaningful to look at the long-term effects of smoking cessation or to evaluate the effectiveness of the more various anti-smoking advertisements.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권sup1호
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• pp.71-78
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• 2016

Printing of pictorial health warnings (PHWs) on cigarette packages became obligatory by the Vietnam Law on Prevention and Control of Tobacco Harm in May 2013. Literature from high-income countries suggests that PHWs motivate smokers to quit smoking although their long-term effects have been questioned due to reduction of impact over time. This study aimed to assess the salience of PHWs and smokers' reactions towards PHWs over time. In May 2014 and May 2015, a cross-sectional questionnaire-based household survey was administered to respectively 1,462 and 1,509 Vietnamese male smokers aged 18 to 35. The result showed that salience of the PHWs 2 years after the implementation was higher than at the point of 1 year after the implementation. The proportion of respondents who tried to avoid noting the PHWs was reduced from 35% in wave 1 to 23% in wave 2. However, "Tried to avoid looking/thinking about the PHWs" increased 1.5 times the odds of presenting quit intention compared to those respondents who did not try to avoid looking/thinking about the PHWs (OR=1.5; 95%CI: 1.2-2.0). In conclusion, avoidance regarding PHWs may not work as a barrier when aiming at a higher level of quit intention. Salience of the PHWs may increase in the period shortly after their introduction onto packs but can be expected to decrease with time. In other words, it might be advisable to change or renew PHWs after a period of implementation to maintain their beneficial effects.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.362-373
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• 2018

본 연구는 남성 흡연자들의 금연에 대한 관심도와 그에 관련된 요인을 규명하고자 시도하였다. 조사대상은 D광역시청에 근무하고 있는 남성 공무원 중 조사시점에서 현재 흡연자인 593명으로 하였다. 조사는 2015년 10월에 구조화된 무기명 자기기입식 설문조사에 의하였다. 연구결과, 조사대상자의 금연에 대한 관심도는 "관심 없음" 28.3%, "관심이 있으나 6개월 이내에 금연할 생각 없음" 45.7%, "관심이 있으며 6개월 이내에 금연할 것임" 26.0%로 나타났다. 다중회귀분석 결과, 조사대상자의 금연에 대한 관심도에 영향을 미치는 요인으로는 "고용형태", "최초 흡연 연령", "1일 흡연량(담배 개피 수)", "아침에 일어나서 첫 번째 담배를 피울 때까지 걸리는 시간", "폐암 이환 가능성 인지", "금연에 대한 행동실천의 인지된 이익"이 유의한 변수로 선정되었다. 로지스틱 회귀분석 결과, 금연에 대한 관심도가 "관심 없음"군보다 "관심이 있으며 6개월 이내에 금연할 것임"군에서 "폐암 이환 가능성 인지", "금연에 대한 행동실천의 인지된 이익" 및 "금연에 대한 행동실천의 인지된 장애"가 높게 나타날 위험비가 유의하게 상승하는 것으로 나타났다. 위와 같은 연구결과는 흡연에 의한 건강장애의 심각성의 인식이 금연에 대한 관심을 높이는 주요 요인이 되고 있음을 시사한다.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.287-301
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• 2004

본 연구는 전남 곡성군 주민을 대상으로 지역사회 주민의 흡연율을 감소시키고, 금연 희망자의 금연 의지를 강화시키기 위해 2002년도에 개발된 곡성군 금연 클리닉의 '금연 개인관리 프로그램'을 중심으로 흡연 욕구 및 금연 장애요인에 대처하고, 금연 실천을 독려할 수 있는 금연 강화 프로그램을 개발하였으며, 프로그램의 지속적인 관리를 위해 지역 보건소가 수행의 주체가 되는 금연정보 지원시스템을 구축하는데 그 목적을 두었다. 본 연구의 중심이 된 '금연 개인관리 프로그램'은 지역 주민들에게 금연관련 정보 및 금연 기술을 제공하고, 금연에 관한 자기 통제력을 강화시키기 위해 개발된 인터넷 금연 프로그램이다. 그러나 '금연 개인관리 프로그램'은 참여자의 자발적인 행위를 원칙으로 하기 때문에 금연행위 유도 및 지속적인 금연 유지에 취약성을 지니고 있다. 따라서 이러한 단점을 보완하기 위해 성공적인 금연이 이루어질 수 있도록 개인별 금연실천을 돕기 위한 금연 강화 프로그램인 인터넷 금연 푸쉬 서비스를 개발하였고, 이에 관한 효과평가를 수행함으로써 프로그램의 문제점을 보완하기 위한 단계별 개선방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 금연 푸쉬 서비스를 활용한 금연 강화시스템은 개인별 금연실천을 돕기 위해 회원 가입이 이루어진 당일부터 금연 푸쉬 서비스가 제공되도록 설계하였으며, 모든 금연 푸쉬 서비스는 금연도전 프로그램의 단계에 맞추어 전자메일을 활용하여 제공되도록 고안하였다. 또한 각 단계별로 일정 형식에 따라 하루 1회씩 프로그램 참여 일정에 맞추어 제공하도록 설계하였다. 둘째, 금연 의지를 강화시키기 위해 금연 압력 메시지 및 경고 메시지, 성공 메시지를 개발하였으며, 금연 압력 메시지는 '금연 개인관리 프로그램' 에서 작성된 각 단계별 개인 정보를 활용하였고, 이전 단계에서 수립된 금연전략의 재확인 및 활용수준을 점검할 수 있도록 구성하였다. 셋째, 금연 푸쉬 서비스를 활용한 금연 강화 프로그램 및 운영 시스템을 평가하기 위해 군청 공무원 및 보건의료원의 보건직 공무원 중 흡연자로서 금연 강화 프로그램에 참여를 희망하는 10명으로 평가단을 구성하였으며, 1개월 간 시범 운영을 수행하였다. 넷째, 금연 강화 프로그램에 관한 내용 및 접근형식을 평가한 결과, 참여자의 기록 분량, 내용의 난이도. 시각적 효과의 불충분이 문제점으로 지적되었으며, 이를 개선하기 위해 참여자 중심의 기록방식을 클릭중심의 기록방식으로 전환, 참여자의 이해수준의 고려한 내용수정, 그래픽 요인의 추가 및 시각적 효과의 보완, 추구관리를 모듈 개발 등을 대안으로 제시하였다. 다섯째, 금연 강화 프로그램의 운영 시스템에 관하여 평가한 결과, 금연 압력 메시지를 제공하는 금연 푸쉬 서비스와 홈페이지와의 연계성 및 금연 개인관리 프로그램과의 연계성이 문제점으로 지적되었으며, 이를 보완하기 위해 홈페이지와의 링크 작업 개선 및 금연 개인관리 프로그램과의 링크 작업 새선, 휴대폰의 문자서비스(SMS) 기능 활용 등을 대안으로 제시하였다. 여섯째, 금연 강화 프로그램의 향후 단계별 개선방안을 프로그램의 일부 코드의 수정으로 가능한 즉시 개선방안과 프로그램 흐름의 일부 수정, 가감해야 하는 단기 개선방안, 프로그램 흐름의 대폭 수정 및 추가 모듈 개발이 필요한 중장기 개선방안으로 구분하여 제시하였다. 따라서 향후 금연 강화 프로그램을 지원하기 위한 금연자 추후관리 시스템이 구축되어야 하고, 지역 주민의 금연 실천을 독려하기 위한 다양한 컨텐츠가 개발이 선행되어야 하겠다. 또한 이를 지원하기 위해 지역 보건소 실무 담당자의 지속적인 교육 훈련 및 금연 사업을 위한 예산확보, 표준화된 금연사업 관리 지침서가 개발되어야 하겠다.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제6권
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• pp.1-16
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• 2005

This study was conducted to the middle and high school students in some Seoul and Kyunki areas to identify the smoking behavior characteristics among adolescences. A self-administered survey was conducted to the 2nd grad students in 4 middle schools and 6 high schools and the survey Questionnaire included general characteristics, smoking and drug use history, the close people's smoking and drug use, smoking and drug abuse prevention education, smoking intention, and smoking attitude. A total of 2,452 youths finished the survey (1,182 middle school students and 1,270 high school students). Current smoking students were 14.6%, the ex-smokers were 5.5%, and the never smokers were 85.4%. Majority of students smoked less than 5 bars of cigarettes and their first smoking experiences were related to their family members (siblings, parents, and relatives), friends, advertisement in order. Other GYTS countries reported the similar sources of the smoking start and friend was prior smoking start factor to the other sources. The students who wanted to Quit smoking were 6.7% and the students who ever had tried to Quit smoking were 9.1%. The major reasons of Quitting smoking were for their health and for their financial burden. Approximately 60% learned about smoking and drug abuse in their regular school classes, 8.4% were in the special school activities, and 7.9% were in the class closing time sometimes in order. The students who learned in any regular class were smaller in the high school students than in the middle school students. The learning experiences in school of other GYTS countries were similar to that of Korea. In conclusion, students' smoking was affected not only by the preventive activities in school but also by the close people's behaviors and care in this study; therefore, the active partnership between school and family must be a strong strategy for youth's smoking prevention.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.249-254
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• 2021

The aim of this study was to raise awareness about smoking and to facilitate the induction of smoking cessation. The participants were 49 patients who showed intention to participate in the test. The participants who had done a questionnaire, were asked to quit smoking for about an hour. After taking the breath deeply, they stopped for 20 seconds and measured breathing slowly. Carbon monoxide in the exhalation was higher when the daily smoking amount was higher and the smoking duration was longer, but not significant. In the case of smoking after meal and smoking in bed in the morning, the carbon monoxide level was significantly higher than that in the case of not smoking. It was significantly associated with skin allergic symptoms. The usual exercise habits, drinking and the respiratory disease were not correlated with carbon monoxide levels.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제26권
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• pp.61-90
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• 2008

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of anti-smoking advertising on attitude toward anti-smoking and behavioral intention to quit smoking in terms of audience's involvement with anti-smoking and knowledge on smoking. For this, a total of 10 hypothesis were established and statistically tested. According to the results, all but hypothesis 1-1(attitude toward anti-smoking is more favorable in the high involvement condition than in the low involvement condition) were unfortunately rejected. These results can be justified by theoretical explanations such as Hierarchy Effects Model or Elaboration Likelihood Model. In addition, some methodological reasons were provided as well.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.153-170
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• 2004

Objectives： This study was performed to develop a smoking prevention program for Korean high school students, and to evaluate the effects of the program. Methods： A smoking prevention program, composed of five-session curriculum, was developed by modifying several smoking prevention and cessation programs based on the Social Influence Model. The program was applied to the freshmen of a technical high school. We surveyed with a questionnaire one week before education, one week after education, and two months after education. The number of participants for data analysis were 282(181 males, 101 females). Among those, 162(97 males, 65 females) students were allocated to the education group, and the other 120(84 males, 36 females) students were allocated to the control group. The effect of education was analyzed by multiple logistic regression analysis adjusted by potential confounders. Results： Among smokers, those who had education were more likely to quit smoking (OR＝2.99, 95% confidence interval(CI) 0.84-10.64), and to decrease smoking frequency(OR＝2.29, 95% CI 0.95-5.53) in borderline significance one week after education. However, the effect of education disappeared two months after education. The effect of education was significant(OR＝9.11, 95% CI 3.22-25.76) for the increase of smoking cessation intention one week after education, and it persisted until two months after education(OR＝2.94, 95% CI 1.18-7.35). Education was also a significant predictor(OR＝1.97, 95% CI 0.89-4.37) for the increase of smoking cessation stage one week after education and it persisted(OR＝6.39, 95% CI 2.42-16.86) after two months. Among non-smokers, those who had education were more likely to decrease smoking intention one week after education(OR＝4.71, 95% CI 1.63-13.58). However, the statistical significance of education disappeared two months after education. Conclusions： The results showed that the smoking prevention program developed in this study changed smoking behaviors immdeiately after education even though the effect did not persist. However, this program was successful in increasing smoking cessation intention and stage of smoking cessation among smokers.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.64-70
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• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of the raise of cigarette prices by KRW 2,000 at the beginning of 2015 on the change in smoking behavior among male office workers, and to analyze the correlation of various factors including their work behaviors and socio-economic factors with their smoking rate. Methods: In this research, a follow-up observation panel was constituted with 420 smokers as targets from among male office workers at a bank located in Daegu, South Korea. A cross-analysis and ANOVA analysis were carried out in order to examine whether changes in smoking status, amount of smoking, stop-smoking motivation, and reasons for smoking cessation failure after the passage of time since the cigarette price hike were statistically significant. The level of statistical significance was P < 0.05. Results: After the cigarette price hike, among the 420 smokers who were the target of the panel the rate of smoking cessation declined at the time-point of the survey to 15.5%, 12.4%, 8.5%, and 5.7% after one month, three months, six months, and 12 months, respectively. As a result of a follow-up observation of 65 smokers who stopped smoking immediately after the price hike, the actual non-smoking rate declined to 15.5%, 8.3%, 4.4%, and 3.1% after one month, three months, six months, and 12 months, respectively. One (1) year after the cigarette price hike, the non-smoking rate among the 420 smokers reached as low as 3.1% (13 persons). The most important reason for the failure of the attempts to quit smoking was stress for more than 60% of the smokers who attempted to stop. Conclusions: It seems that a powerful anti-smoking policy by the state targeting the nation's workers is necessary. For companies, mediation for workers' job stress can become a strategy for the success of non-smoking attempts. The government seems to require a practical policy to reduce the smoking rate by actively carrying out social, economic, and scientific research to come up with a reduction method for the cigarette hazard, an effective price hike policy, and other non-price policies.