• 여성건강간호학회지
• /
• 제11권3호
• /
• pp.232-240
• /
• 2005

Purpose: This study was designed to identify recognition and the performance level for nosocomial infections amongst student nurses and to provide data for preparing on efficient policy and control program for nosocomial infections. Method: 191 senior nursing student participated in this research from 5 nursing college which allowed data collection, in the city of Seoul. The questionnaire was composed of 73 items(likert scale) about eight areas; aseptic technique, disinfection, precaution, hand washing, urinary tract infection, respiratory infection, catheter related infection, and self care about nosocomial infections. Results: The mean score of recognition and performance level for management of nosocomial infection were 4.29 and 3.41 respectively. The mean score of the recognition level was significantly lower than the performance level in the eight areas. The mean score of both recognition and performance were highest in the area of disinfection. However, the mean score of recognition was lowest in the area of aseptic technique and the mean score of performance was lowest in the area of catheter related infections. The correlation of recognition and performance level was statistically significant. Conclusions: These research findings should be useful in promoting an intensive and continuous educational program on nosocomial infection for nursing students and to establish an efficient policy for preventing nosocomial infections.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• 제57권1호
• /
• pp.1.1-1.11
• /
• 2015

Background: Due to increased interest in animal welfare, there is now a need for a comprehensive assessment protocol to be used in intensive pig farming systems. There are two current welfare assessment protocols for pigs: Welfare Quality$^{(R)}$ Assessment Protocols (applicable in the Europe Union), that mostly focuses on animal-based measures, and the Swine Welfare Assurance Program (applicable in the United States), that mostly focuses on management- and environment-based measures. In certain cases, however, animal-based measures might not be adequate for properly assessing pig welfare status. Similarly, welfare assessment that relies only on environment- and management-based measures might not represent the actual welfare status of pigs. Therefore, the objective of this paper was to develop a new welfare protocol by integrating animal-, environment-, and management-based measures. The background for selection of certain welfare criteria and modification of the scoring systems from existing welfare assessment protocols are described. Methods: The developed pig welfare assessment protocol consists of 17 criteria that are related to four main principles of welfare (good feeding, good housing, good health, and appropriate behavior). Good feeding, good housing, and good health were assessed using a 3-point scale: 0 (good welfare), 1 (moderate welfare), and 2 (poor welfare). In certain cases, only a 2-point scale was used: 0 (certain condition is present) or 2 (certain condition is absent). Appropriate behavior was assessed by scan sampling of positive and negative social behaviors based on qualitative behavior assessment and human-animal relationship tests. Results: Modification of the body condition score into a 3-point scale revealed pigs with a moderate body condition (score 1). Moreover, additional criteria such as feed quality confirmed that farms had moderate (score 1) or poor feed quality (score 2), especially those farms located in a high relative humidity region. Conclusions: The developed protocol can be utilized to assess welfare status in an intensive pig farming system. Although further improvements are still needed, this study is a first step in developing a pig welfare assessment protocol that combines animal-, environment-, and management-based measures.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
• /
• 제23권9호
• /
• pp.878-888
• /
• 2022

Objective: To investigate the clinical impact of a quality improvement program including dedicated emergency radiology personnel (QIP-DERP) on the management of emergency surgical patients in the emergency department (ED). Materials and Methods: This retrospective study identified all adult patients (n = 3667) who underwent preoperative body CT, for which written radiology reports were generated, and who subsequently underwent non-elective surgery between 2007 and 2018 in the ED of a single urban academic tertiary medical institution. The study cohort was divided into periods before and after the initiation of QIP-DERP. We matched the control group patients (i.e., before QIP-DERP) to the QIP-DERP group patients using propensity score (PS), with a 1:2 matching ratio for the main analysis and a 1:1 ratio for sub-analyses separately for daytime (8:00 AM to 5:00 PM on weekdays) and after-hours. The primary outcome was timing of emergency surgery (TES), which was defined as the time from ED arrival to surgical intervention. The secondary outcomes included ED length of stay (LOS) and intensive care unit (ICU) admission rate. Results: According to the PS-matched analysis, compared with the control group, QIP-DERP significantly decreased the median TES from 16.7 hours (interquartile range, 9.4-27.5 hours) to 11.6 hours (6.6-21.9 hours) (p < 0.001) and the ICU admission rate from 33.3% (205/616) to 23.9% (295/1232) (p < 0.001). During after-hours, the QIP-DERP significantly reduced median TES from 19.9 hours (12.5-30.1 hours) to 9.6 hours (5.7-19.1 hours) (p < 0.001), median ED LOS from 9.1 hours (5.6-16.5 hours) to 6.7 hours (4.9-11.3 hours) (p < 0.001), and ICU admission rate from 35.5% (108/304) to 22.0% (67/304) (p < 0.001). Conclusion: QIP-DERP implementation improved the quality of emergency surgical management in the ED by reducing TES, ED LOS, and ICU admission rate, particularly during after-hours.

• 전자공학회논문지CI
• /
• 제47권6호
• /
• pp.57-67
• /
• 2010

본 논문에서는 멀티코아 프로세서 상에서 프로세서와 메모리를 집중적으로 사용하는 다양한 워크로드들에 대한 온도특성을 연구한다. 일반적으로 프로세서의 온도관리를 위한 측정 지표로 평균온도와 온도범위 보다는 온도변화의 정도가 더 중요하다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 프로그램 실행 중에 온도변화를 분석하고, 워크로드의 온도변화의 정도를 정량화하는 측정 지표를 제안한다. 제안된 온도변화 측정 지표를 사용하여 인텔 Core 2 Duo 프로세서 상의 SPEC CPU2006 벤치마크들에 대해 쿨링 조건 및 클럭 주파수를 변경해 가며 온도변화를 분석한다. 분석 결과, 각 벤치마크 프로그램에 따라 서로 다른 유형의 온도 변화를 보였다. 이러한 온도변화는 쿨링 조건과 동작 클럭 주파수 및 멀티프로그래밍 워크로드에 영향을 받았다. 또한 코아들 사이의 공간적 위치에 따라서도 다른 온도 변화 특성을 보였다. 본 논문에서 제안된 온도변화 측정 지표와 연구 분석된 결과들은 향후 멀티코아 온도관리를 위한 연구에 활용하면 효과적인 온도관리가 기대된다.

• 근관절건강학회지
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.141-150
• /
• 2013

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify relationships among nursing activities, the use of body mechanics, and job stress in nurses with low back pain. Methods: Participants were 225 nurses with low back pain working at an university hospital. The data were collected with self-reported questionnaires at March, 2012 and analyzed by descriptive statistics, t test, ANOVA, Scheff$\acute{e}$e test and multiple regression analyses. Results: There was significantly a higher degree of pain in subjects who working at special units including intensive care units and emergency room than at general wards. Low back pain was negatively correlated with the use of body mechanical principles while it was positively associated with the degree of job stress. According to results of multiple regression analyses, low back pain was significantly associated with the use of body mechanics and job stress in nurses working at general ward and special units including intensive care units and emergency room. Conclusion: The use of the principles of body mechanics and reducing job stress are important to prevent low back pain in nurses. It is necessary to develop and apply stress management and education program about the use of the principles of body mechanics.

• Child Health Nursing Research
• /
• 제22권3호
• /
• pp.172-181
• /
• 2016

Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the effect of education on infection control for multidrug resistant organism (MDRO). Methods: One group pre-post time series design was used. Infection control education for MDRO infection was provided to nurses working in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Knowledge and recognition were evaluated before and after education. Hand hygiene compliance, MDRO isolation rate and central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) rate were used as outcome variables. Data from 45 nurses was used for analysis. Results: General knowledge about MDRO increased (p=.011). Responses to questions about image of MDRO and MDRO management tended to change in a positive direction (p=.046). Hand hygiene compliance was 100% at pre-test, 79.5% during education period and 98.4% at post-education period. MDRO isolation rate was 6.83 per 1,000 patient days at pre-test, 10.24 during education period and 6.68 at post-education period. CLABSI rate was 3.76 per 1,000 central line days at pre-test, 6.84 during education period and 4.71 at post-education period. Conclusion: Findings indicate that the education program is effective in improving knowledge about MDRO in NICU nurses. However, more reliable indicators should be used to determine long-term effects.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
• /
• 제33권3호
• /
• pp.324-334
• /
• 2008

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to develop and execute the village heath worker(VHW) training program which based on short term overseas medical volunteer and medical mission. Methods: Through case studies of previous VHW program and review articles about the state of medical volunteer and medical mission, we developed the VHW training program. Pilot test of the program was carried out in Tugeugarao city, Phillipines on July, 2008. The subject were 32 persons from 15 villages around Tuguegarao city. After training we surveyed regarding the satisfaction of training and the degree of getting knowledge and skills. Results: Through article review, we got the common subjects of previous VHW training program and the limitations of overseas medical volunteer and medical mission. We developed VHW training program aiming to community health promotion through community participation and community change. The main text was "Where There Is No Doctor" of Hesperian Foundation. The program executed through 1 day intensive lecture and practice. The satisfaction of the program was 8.95±1.70 on 10 point rating scale. Conclusions: We strongly expect VHW training program can be available as new model of short overseas medical volunteer as well as medical mission if we could systemize it with the confirming subject before training , management after training and continuous support through connection with the field.

• 한국과학교육학회지
• /
• 제36권3호
• /
• pp.399-411
• /
• 2016

본 논문은 융합적 사고와 창의적 문제해결력을 지닌 인재 양성을 목표로 시작된 STEAM 교육의 현장확산을 위한 교사연수 중 심화과정 교사연수 프로그램의 개발과정 및 운영 결과를 바탕으로 STEAM 교사연수에 대한 시사점을 고찰하고자 한다. STEAM 심화과정 교사연수 프로그램은 교사들의 STEAM 역량 강화를 위하여 개발되었다. 총 60시간(4학점)의 직무연수로, 집합연수 38시간, 온라인 12시간, 현장적용 5시간, 성과발표 5시간으로 구성(3차년도 기준)하였다. 집합연수는 강의, 멘토교사수업, 실험실습 및 랩탐방, STEAM 수업자료 개발을 위한 조별활동, 포스터발표회로 구성되었다. 온라인 연수는 추가 강의 이수와 지속적인 교사 커뮤니티 활동을 이어갈 수 있도록 구성되었다. 또한 집합연수와 온라인 연수를 통해 개발된 STEAM 수업자료의 현장적용을 의무화하였다. 마지막으로 성과발표는 우수수업 사례 발표를 통해 교사들이 STEAM 교수 경험을 공유할 수 있도록 하였다. 2012-2014 동안 서울, 경기, 인천, 강원, 제주 지역의 초중등교사 약 700명이 본 연수를 이수하였다. 설문 조사 결과를 바탕으로 지속적으로 프로그램의 세부 내용 및 구성을 개선해나가면서 연수참여자들의 연수에 대한 만족도를 향상시켰다. 또한 본 연수 프로그램은 교사들의 STEAM에 대한 이해를 높이고, 자료개발과 현장적용을 통해 교사들의 STEAM 역량을 높이는데 효과적이었음을 알 수 있었다. 본 연수는 앞으로 이와 유사한 STEAM 교사연수 프로그램의 개발 및 운영에 참고가 될 수 있을 것이다.

• 실천공학교육논문지
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.11-18
• /
• 2022

소프트웨어 개발 인력의 필요성이 높아지면서, 다양한 교육 프로그램들이 등장하고 있으며, 그 중 신병캠프를 의미하는 부트캠프(bootcamp) 스타일의 교육 프로그램의 인기가 두드러지고 있다. 하지만 기존의 소프트웨어 개발 교육 프로그램들과는 운영 방식이나 형태가 완전히 다름에도 불구하고, 교육 프로그램으로써 부트캠프를 분석한 연구는 부족한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구는 부트캠프형 소프트웨어 개발자 교육에 대한 사례 연구를 통해 해당 교육 프로그램의 주요 요소를 도출하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 A사의 부트캠프 프로그램 X의 수료자 7명을 대상으로 인터뷰를 진행한 뒤, 부트캠프형 교육의 7가지 특징을 도출하였다. 집중 이론 교육, 성장과 성취감, 팀 프로젝트 기반 학습, 커뮤니티 특성, 집단 압력, 피로도와 압박감, 비대면 특수성. 도출한 특징을 바탕으로 부트캠프형 교육의 장점과 개선점에 대해 기술하고, 부트캠프형 소프트웨어 개발자 교육이 나아갈 방향에 대해 논하였다.

• 한국병원경영학회지
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.25-42
• /
• 2007

To identify characteristics of elderly inpatients who had long term hospitalization in a general hospital, this study categorized into two groups who were hospitalized for less than 30 days and a group hospitalized for more than 30 days. To compare the groups the independent variables were the sociodemographical characteristics, the medical care utility characteristics, and the disease characteristics and finally analyzed factors affecting the hospitalization period. The data of 18,727 inpatients who were older than 65 years of age by the year 2005 were used and the data were analyzed using SPSS for Windows 12.0. With the results, it is necessary to provide intensive and positive management to elderly inpatients who belong to the more than 30 days group and also necessary to share roles and functions of hospital by medical network with local hospitals and clinics in order to manage long-term elderly inpatients and offer continuous post-management to discharged patients by encouraging them to use a long-term care center or by implementing an early discharge program. This study should provide many studies on how to manage the period of hospitalization efficiently on long-stay elderly inpatients in the future.