• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.485-497
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• 2012

Objectives : The aim of this study was to systematically investigate herbal-drug-associated adverse drug reactions (herbal ADRs) reports submitted by a single oriental hospital and to analyze the general characteristics, causative agents, clinical manifestations, severity and types of herbal medicines which caused herbal ADRs. Methods : This study proceeded with IRB approval. The data on herbal ADR were collected prospectively from January 2008 to February 2012 by EMR of Dongguk University Ilsan Oriental Hospital. The World Health Organization (WHO)-Uppsala Monitoring Center (UMC) criteria was used to determinate causality for each herbal ADR. WHO-Adverse Reaction Terminology (WHO-ART) System Organ Class (SOC) code and WHO severity category were also used in this study. Results : A total of twenty eight cases were reported. Twenty two cases were assessed to have over possible relations with herbal medication. The gender ratio of these cases were 64.6 percent female and 36.4 percent male, demonstrating no statistical significance. Patients aged over 60 were 59.1%. Gastro-intestinal system was reported to be the most frequently affected organ (38.8%), and followed by psychiatric system (22.4%), and integumentary system (22.4%). The most common clinical symptom was headache (12.2%), followed by diarrhea (10.2%), and pruritus (10.2%). The severity of most cases was assessed to be mild (89.8%). The percentage of moderate ones was 10.2%, and there were no severe cases. Conclusions : Progressive study and further analysis on herbal ADRs are warranted for safety in the clinical use of herbal medicines.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.138-144
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• 2011

In order to minimize such adverse drug reactions, governments and international organs have been on the watch for them. Also in South Korea, a system has been established in order that adverse drug reactions may be reported to Korea Food and Drug Administration(KFDA). This study is to analyze drugs to cause adverse reactions, the adverse reactions and patients concerned on the authority of the data of Korea FDA, which is expected to be the preliminary data on preventable adverse reactions. This study was conducted on the 74,037 cases of adverse drug reactions reported to Korea FDA between January 2007 and June 2010. Fentanyl, iopromide and tramadol caused adverse reactions with high frequencies. Oseltamivir showed a high frequency between 2009 and 2010 due to the influence of the new influenza A. Also, OTC drugs accounted for approximately 5% of the adverse reactions. In 2009, adverse drug reactions remarkably increased (2,106 cases; 10.1%) in infants and children due to the new influenza-A(H1N1). The patients aged between 31 and 64 accounted for approximately 55% during the given period. There was no significant intergender difference. In relation to regions, the adverse reactions most frequently occurred in the gastrointestinal system and the integumentary system for three and half years. In addition to anticancer drugs and immunosuppressive drugs that are known to cause adverse reactions frequently, not a few of OTC drugs and external preparations caused such reactions. In particular, the drugs containing specific ingredients caused adverse reactions more frequently than others from 2007 until the first half of 2010. It is advisable for prescribers to acquaint themselves with such adverse reactions and to prescribe drugs other than them. They also have need to sensibly cope with adverse drug reactions just in case they have no substitute drugs. In addition, patients also need to be trained to understand possible adverse reactions in order that they can sensibly accommodate them or choose healthcare services. The results of this study are expected to be helpful to minimize adverse drug reactions.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.197-208
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• 1995

The purpose of this study is to describe specific system manifestations and suggested nursing interventions in patients with lupus. Lupus is a chronic, inflammatory, multisystemic disorder of the immune system. Antibodies are formed which react against the person's own normal tissue. This abnormal response can be very damaging and leads to the many manifestations of the lupus. Lupus can affect any part of the body, and patients experience symptoms in organs involved. So lupus patients have integumentary, blood, central nervous system, eye, gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal, kidney, heart and lining membranes, reproductive system involvement. The courses are unpredictable and very individualized. Lupus varies greatly in severity from mild cases requiring minimal interventions to those in which significant damage occurs to vital organs such as the lungs, heart, kidney and brain which ultimately can be fatal. In addition to direct physical care, the nursing professional has an excellent position from which to support the lupus patient. Patients need assistance with receiving current, accurate information about the disease process and also to be helped in developing realistic expectations and goals. Nursing interventions for the patient with lupus is challenge drawing on at the resources, knowledge and strengths the nursing teams have to offer. Because of the unpredictable, highly individualized and frequently changing the nature of the disease itself as well as the intricacy of the patient's needs. The nurse has a key role in its management. The patient and nurse, working together, have much to offer each other. These are of inestimable value to the patient. As the nurse listens to the patient and learns what problems the patient perceives, can guide the patient in a self-help program that allows to adapt to living with a chronic illness.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.287-298
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• 2020

본 연구는 의료문제가 발생하여 한국소비자원에 접수된 안전사고의 현황을 파악하여, 안전사고를 예방하기 위한 대책을 마련하는데 근거 자료로 제공하고자 시도되었다. 본 연구는 2013년부터 2017년까지 한국소비자원에 접수된 4,934건의 안전사고를 2차 분석한 서술적 조사 연구이다. 본 연구에서 안전사고는 남성보다는 여성에서 더 많이 발생하였으며, 50-59세에 가장 많이 발생하였다. 또한 안전사고의 원인은 시술부작용(42.4%)이, 안전사고 발생 장소는 개인병원(28.6%)이, 안전사고가 발생한 부위는 피부계(41.3%)가, 안전사고로 발생한 증상은 피부계의 기타 장기 손상 및 통증(3.1%)이 가장 많이 발생하였으며, 안전사고가 발생한 장소에 따라 안전사고 특성에 차이를 보였다. 본 연구결과는 추후 의료문제가 발생하는 안전사고를 예방하는 감시체계를 구축하는데 근거자료로 활용할 것을 제언한다.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제51권
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• pp.18.1-18.12
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• 2021

Hair, having distinct stages of growth, is a dynamic component of the integumentary system. Nonetheless, derangement in its structure and growth pattern often provides vital clues for the diagnosis of systemic diseases. Assessment of the hair structure by various microscopy techniques is, hence, a valuable tool for the diagnosis of several systemic and cutaneous disorders. Systemic illnesses like Comel-Netherton syndrome, Griscelli syndrome, Chediak Higashi syndrome, and Menkes disease display pathognomonic findings on hair microscopy which, consequently, provide crucial evidence for disease diagnosis. With minimal training, light microscopy of the hair can easily be performed even by clinicians and other health care providers which can, thus, serve as a useful tool for disease diagnosis at the patient's bedside. This is especially true for resource-constrained settings where access and availability of advanced investigations (like molecular diagnostics) is a major constraint. Despite its immense clinical utility and non-invasive nature, hair microscopy seems to be an underutilized diagnostic modality. Lack of awareness regarding the important findings on hair microscopy may be one of the crucial reasons for its underutilization. Herein, we, therefore, present a comprehensive overview of the available methods for hair microscopy and the pertinent findings that can be observed in various diseases.

• 한국해양생명과학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.160-165
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• 2023

본 연구는 생리적, 환경적 변화에 따른 명태 Gadus chalcogrammus 피부계의 변화 연구를 위한 기초 연구로서 피부계의 구조, 구성 세포 종류 및 조직화학적 특징을 기재하였다. 측선은 전반부가 완만한 곡선형이었으며, 중반부터 후반부까지는 직선으로 나타났다. 피부는 상피층과 진피층으로 구성되며, 상피층은 다층으로 상피세포, 점액세포, 곤봉세포로 이루어져 있다. 상피세포는 표면층의 편평형 세포, 중간층의 입방형 세포, 기저층의 원주형 세포로 구성된다. 상피층의 두께는 122.9 ㎛, 체장에 대한 상피층의 두께 비율은 0.03%였다. 단세포선인 점액세포와 곤봉세포는 주로 상피층의 표면층과 중간층에 분포하며, 점액세포는 산성 당단백질의 점액물질을 함유하고 있었다. 상피층에서 점액세포와 곤봉세포의 분포비율은 각각 21.3 (± 7.0.)%와 4.0 (± 1.0)%였다. 진피층은 치밀결합조직으로 주로 콜라겐 섬유로 구성되며, 섬유세포, 혈관, 색소포, 비늘이 관찰되었다.