• Educational Technology International
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.159-191
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• 2017

Academic analytics guides university decision-makers to assign limited resources more effectively. Especially, diverse academic courses clustered by the usage patterns and levels on Learning Management System(LMS) help understanding instructors' pedagogical approach and the integration level of technologies. Further, the clustering results can contribute deciding proper range and levels of financial and technical supports. However, in spite of diverse analytic methodologies, clustering analysis methods often provide different results. The purpose of this study is to present implications by using three different clustering analysis including Gaussian Mixture Model, K-Means clustering, and Hierarchical clustering. As a case, we have clustered academic courses based on the usage levels and patterns of LMS in higher education using those three clustering techniques. In this study, 2,639 courses opened during 2013 fall semester in a large private university located in South Korea were analyzed with 13 observation variables that represent the characteristics of academic courses. The results of analysis show that the strengths and weakness of each clustering analysis and suggest that academic leaders and university staff should look into the usage levels and patterns of LMS with more elaborated view and take an integrated approach with different analytic methods for their strategic decision on development of LMS.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.21
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• pp.71-84
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• 2010

The current distribution structure in Korea film industry is in the multiplex chain. As a result, most small or medium-sized theaters have been excluded from the market, and all the multiplex chain have gradually been formed into the vertical integration structure. The strike by multiplex theaters in Chuncheon who did not screen for one month led to the problem of the vertical integration, which resulted in many effects. Particularly, it caused considerable effect on the cultural desire and instigated movie-goers to turn to illegal content. This study surveys the process in which Korean multiplex theaters in vertical integration structure took over the Korean film market, and consequently, small theaters collapsed, and the theaters in vertical integration structure kick out small theaters in horizontal integration structure, and conducts a survey on the effect of the one-month strike by Chuncheon CGV from September 27 to October 30, 2008 in Chuncheon where said processes had completed so as to determine the effect of and impact of the problem of the vertical integration, monopoly structure. When major consumers of the film industry, i.e., people in their 20s, see their access to newly released films limited due to closing of multiplex theaters, they feel the impulse to access illegal contents. If they miss viewing the newly released films, they prefer to view illegal contents or films on recording media rather than visiting theaters showing those films. They are also influenced by timing of film release. Specifically, methods of illegal access to newly released films, permanent accessibility to them via recording media, and timing of film release influence their viewing patterns.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.469-486
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• 2018

We propose an enhanced version of the local binary pattern (LBP) operator for texture extraction in images in the context of image retrieval. The novelty of our proposal is based on the observation that the LBP exploits only the lowest kind of local information through the global histogram. However, such global Histograms reflect only the statistical distribution of the various LBP codes in the image. The block based LBP, which uses local histograms of the LBP, was one of few tentative to catch higher level textural information. We believe that important local and useful information in between the two levels is just ignored by the two schemas. The newly developed method: gradual locality integration of binary patterns (GLIBP) is a novel attempt to catch as much local information as possible, in a gradual fashion. Indeed, GLIBP aggregates the texture features present in grayscale images extracted by LBP through a complex structure. The used framework is comprised of a multitude of ellipse-shaped regions that are arranged in circular-concentric forms of increasing size. The framework of ellipses is in fact derived from a simple parameterized generator. In addition, the elliptic forms allow targeting texture directionality, which is a very useful property in texture characterization. In addition, the general framework of ellipses allows for taking into account the spatial information (specifically rotation). The effectiveness of GLIBP was investigated on the Corel-1K (Wang) dataset. It was also compared to published works including the very effective DLEP. Results show significant higher or comparable performance of GLIBP with regard to the other methods, which qualifies it as a good tool for scene images retrieval.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.32 no.8
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• pp.769-780
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• 2005

This paper addresses a novel application of meshes to analyzing the deformation patterns of 2D signals. The proposed mesh is distinguished form the previous models in that it includes simulated charges in each node that interact with external charges comprising an input pattern. Therelaxation of the mesh given an input is carried out by any of the well-known numerical integration techniques. The result of the relaxation is a deformed mesh. This Paper provides four criterion functions for measuring the pattern deformation. A set of trained meshes was created from the simple average of target patterns. Experimental results show that these measures, although highly intuitive, are not good enough to capture the amount and characteristics of pattern deformation. If more sophisticated measures are found and incorporated into the relaxation process, we expect that a better and high-performance mesh framework is realized.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.11-16
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• 2009

Public rental apartment has suffered social exclusion problem, stemmed from its closed planing for a very specific range of the disadvantaged population. Thereby, it has been recognized as a disliked residential facility. To alleviate this problem, various approaches have been tried such as ownership-tenant mixture, and different unit size mixture. The purpose of this study is to grasp the expected social relation among neighboring residents according to socially integrative planing elements such as ownership, unit size and family life cycle match. Thirty eight graduate students in architecture and housing field responded to the questionnaire which was specifically made to identify relations of 28 neighboring situations based on $2{\times}2{\times}2$ variable composition. Frequency, percentage and MDS(multidimensional scaling) were used to analyze data. As a result, the order of preferred matchy were identified. The match between rental/small/children group and ownership/middle/children group was turned out to be the most desirable while the match between rental/small/children family group and rental/small/elderly group was found the least desirable. Spatial representations of the relationships among 8 household types were delineated. In conclusion, the definite patterns of the favorable and unfavorable match were found. This result is expected to be used as a reference in developing a strategic match to promote the rental apartments social integration in Korea.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2011.06b
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• pp.114-115
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• 2011

Chronic disease may leads to other life threatening health complications like heart disease, stroke, diabetes and peripheral vascular disease that diminished quality of life. This paper points out the importance of social interaction and smart space integration in existing CDSS for chronic diseases. Social interaction allows the patients to interact with system, through this continuous learning and digesting patient experience, our CDSS becomes intelligent and dynamically enhanced. Smart spaces automatically provide new knowledge and construct the behavioral profile by monitoring the daily life activities. Through these features, patients can get continuous relevant recommendations from the system, so they can get a chance to improve their health condition which in terms keeping on their quality of life. It also helps the health practitioners in better decision making about medication and living patterns.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Cognitive Science Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.48-54
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• 2010

INTRODUCTION Interaction between temporal events at the millisecond level is important for visual and tactile interaction. OBJECT The aim of the present study is to identify any neural signature, as reflected in event-related potentials (ERP), for the integrative processes when the two sensory modalities are stimulated in synchrony as opposed to when they are stimulated separately. METHOD The basic strategy was to compare ERP signals obtained with simultaneous visual and tactile stimulation with a linear summation of ERP patterns obtained with each modality stimulated separately. Condition were presented, paired with various stimulus-onset-asynchronies (SOA) ranging from - 300 ms (tactile-first) to 300 ms (visual-first), and in trials where only one modality was stimulated alone. RESULT A positive deviation was located in observed ERP at C4 electrode (contralateral to the stimulated hand) at 200-400 ms, in comparison to the predicted ERP. The deviation was present at all SOAs other than -300ms (tactile-first) and 300 ms (visual-first). There was also a positive deviation at occipital leads at the 50-ms SOA (visual-first) trials. DISCUSSION It suggested that neural signatures of cross-modal integration occur within a limited time-window. The deviations were specifically localized at the contralateral somatosensory and visual cortices, indicating that the integration happens at or before the level of the primary cortices.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.25-32
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• 2014

Many Korean university campuses are located on hilly terrain where the hierarchy of the path system is unclear. Therefore, it is difficult to analyze the pedestrian network through space syntax, in which only horizontal direction changes are considered as depths of space. The purpose of this study is to compare pedestrian movement patterns and space syntax analysis in order to find their relevance to each other and the relationship between them. We conducted a survey regarding the most-visited buildings and pathways at S-University, which is located on a hilly area in Seoul. The survey results were compared with the Space Syntax integration map by regression analysis. For the segments where the relationship between pedestrian volume and integration was weak, field observations were conducted. As a result, topographical aspects, functional aspects, and location aspects were observed as the main influential factors. In addition, the research proposes that adding an extra axial line per vertical directional change can potentially compensate for the low relevance of stairs. This study suggests the possibility and the necessity of three-dimensional space syntax programs and emphasizes the importance of campus planning for the pedestrian environment.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.191-213
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• 2011

This paper presents an improved 8-node shell element for the analysis of plates and shells. The finite element, based on a refined first-order shear deformation theory, is further improved by the combined use of assumed natural strain method. We analyze the influence of the shell element with the different patterns of sampling points for interpolating different components of strains. Using the assumed natural strain method with proper interpolation functions, the present shell element generates neither membrane nor shear locking behavior even when full integration is used in the formulation. Further, a refined first-order shear deformation theory, which results in parabolic through-thickness distribution of the transverse shear strains from the formulation based on the third-order shear deformation theory, is proposed. This formulation eliminates the need for shear correction factors in the first-order theory. Numerical examples demonstrate that the present element perform better in comparison with other shell elements.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.361-365
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• 2022

Advanced packaging demands are driven by the need for dense integration systems. Consequently, stacked packaging technology has been proposed instead of reducing the ultra-fine patterns to secure economic feasibility. This study proposed an effective packaging process technology for semiconductor devices using a 9-inch dicing die attach film (DDAF), wherein the die attach and dicing films were combined. The process involved three steps: tape lamination, dicing, and bonding. Following the grinding of a silicon wafer, the tape lamination process was conducted, and the DDAF was arranged. Subsequently, a silicon wafer attached to the DDAF was separated into dies employing a blade dicing process with a two-step cut. Thereafter, one separated die was bonded with the other die as a substrate at 130 ℃ for 2 s under a pressure of 2 kgf and the chip was hardened at 120 ℃ for 30 min under a pressure of 10 kPa to remove air bubbles within the DAF. Finally, a curing process was conducted at 175 ℃ for 2 h at atmospheric pressure. Upon completing the manufacturing processes, external inspections, cross-sectional analyses, and thermal stability evaluations were conducted to confirm the optimality of the proposed technology for application of the DDAF. In particular, the shear strength test was evaluated to obtain an average of 9,905 Pa from 17 samples. Consequently, a 3D integration packaging process using DDAF is expected to be utilized as an advanced packaging technology with high reliability.