• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.33 no.12
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• pp.53-63
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to present an integrated analysis for energy use and its patterns as vertical locations of the dwelling units in apartment buildings which are located in an urban area and constructed by a renowned contractor. In order to enhance the effectiveness of the method, the original data of electricity, water, and gas bills which directly reflect the energy use are sorted and analyzed into several groups as vertical locations in each building. And also, by use of comparing and contrasting the data on a monthly and yearly basis, the accuracy of analyses for seasonal energy use and its patterns is strengthened. Comparative analyses used in this study describe the results that vertical locations of dwelling units do not have much influence on electricity and water usage, but are closely related with gas usage for a heating season. According to the analysis of gas usage, the units on the ground and right above pilotis need enhancement in the insulations for heating to mitigate energy loss. Also, the analysis for the middle floor units in each group describe the fact that the gas usage of the units on the ground is consumes 1.5 times greater than that of the typical floors. Therefore, enhanced insulation strategies need to be considered against the adverse condition that the heat loss increases as the wall facing the outside air increases or as the wind velocity increases through the pilotis.

• Journal of Digital Policy
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2022

In case of a dangerous situation, the roof, which serves as an emergency exit, must be open in case of fire according to the Fire Act. However, when the roof door is opened, it has become a place of various incidents and accidents such as illegal entry, crime, and suicide. As a result, it is a reality to close the roof door in terms of facility management to prevent crime, various incidents, and accidents. Accordingly, the government is pushing to legislate regulations on housing construction standards, etc. that mandate the installation of electronic automatic opening and closing devices on rooftop doors. Therefore, in this paper, an intelligent emergency door opening/closing device system is proposed. To this end, an intelligent emergency door opening and closing system was developed by linking wired and wireless access counting and AI image analysis. Finally, it is possible to build a wireless communication-based integrated management platform that provides remote control and history management in a centralized method of device status real-time monitoring and event alarm.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.38.4-39
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• 2021

The Local Volume Mapper (LVM), for the Sloan Digital Sky Survey V, consists of four 16 cm telescopes with three fiber spectrographs in the Las Campanas Observatory in Chile. With the fixed telescopes on optical tables, the Alt-Alt mounted siderostats point and guide targets during spectrograph exposures. We are developing the integrated LVM instrument control software. Considering international travel restrictions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in 2021, we decided to make a simplified version of siderostat to test the LVM telescope control system in Korea. The prototype siderostat consists of two aluminum flat mirrors, optomechanical housing structures made by aluminum profiles, and the Planewave L-350 mount. We designed the optical mirrors and the optomechanical structure of the siderostat. From structural analysis at various pointing cases, we estimated the tilt misalignments of mirrors within 4 arcsec, which would affect the telescope pointing errors.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.1625-1638
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• 2014

Recently, Low Impact Development (LID) has been emphasized as a critical strategy for improving urban water cycle and adapting to climate change. LID is needed to be incorporated in urban planning and development process for effective implementation in the real world. However, little research has examined the relationship between urban planning and LID in Korea. This study addresses this critical gap by 1) examining whether current urban planning institutional system considers LID or not and 2) assessing the extent to which local comprehensive plans integrate LID in seven large cities. Study results show that a few planning guidelines declaratively mention the need of LID but they don't include specific LID strategies. In addition, we found that 7 local comprehensive plans in the sample received a mean score of 11.71, which represents 19.52% of the total possible points and there are wide variations among cities. These findings indicate that there is still considerable room for improvement of local governments on LID. We propose the revision of planning guideline by incorporating LID principles and non-structural and structural LID technologies.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.68-77
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• 2013

Change in the Global Climate causes flood, drought, heavy snow, and rainfall patterns in the Korean Peninsula. A variety of alternatives related to climate change are considered. The foreign researchers are interested in Low Impact Development(LID); the utilization of water resources and eco friendly development, over 10 years ago. The research and development of related technology has been advanced to apply LID techniques in order to develop several projects in the country. However, sharing of technology or system that can be used easily in the private sector is insufficient. The performance of the elements of LID Technology has not been fully agreed. LID elements of this technology are easy to apply to Apartment complex. The elements are classified technology. The infiltration of elements performs the functions of apartment complex landscaping space technology applied to the target. The water cycle simulation(SWMM 5.0) and technology the implementation of the effectiveness is also verified. For this purpose, three different places in apartment complex to target by SWMM5.0 U.S. EPA conducted utilizing simulated rainfall and applying LID techniques before and after the simulated water cycle (infiltration, surface evaporation, and surface runoff) were conducted. The importance of green space in the LID techniques of quantitative and qualitative storm water control as well as the role of Apartment Housing is to promote Amenity. Remember that the physical limitations of apartment complex and smooth water circulation system for the application of LID integrated management techniques should be applied. To this end, landscapes, architecture, civil engineering, environmental experts for technical consilience between the Low Impact Development efforts are required.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.213-219
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• 2004

In this paper, a LNA(Low Noise Amplifier) has been developed, which is operating at L-band i.e., 1452∼1492 MHz for satellite DAB(Digital Audio Brcadcasting) receiver. The LNA is designed to improve input and output reflection coefficient and VSWR(Voltage Standing Wave Ratio) by balanced amplifier. The LNA consists of low noise amplification stage and gain amplification stage, which make a using of GaAs FET ATF-10136 and VNA-25 respectively, and is fabricated by hybrid method. To supply most suitable voltage and current, active bias circuit is designed Active biasing offers the advantage that variations in $V_P$ and $I_{DSS}$ will not necessitate a change in either the source or drain resistor value for a given bias condition. The active bias network automatically sets $V_{gs}$ for the desired drain voltage and drain current. The LNA is fabricated on FR-4 substrate with RF circuit and bias circuit, and integrated in aluminum housing. As a reults, the characteristics of the LNA implemented more than 32 dB in gain. 0.2 dB in gain flatness. lower than 0.95 dB in noise figure, 1.28 and 1.43 each input and output VSWR, and -13 dBm in $P_{1dB}$.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.227-236
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• 2018

The Busan New Port and its hinterland have not operated smoothly due to the complicated laws and various related organizations. Thus, many projects involving the port are not matched with its purpose of establishment. In particular, a large-scale apartment complex, which was constructed without a negotiation among the related organizations, is disturbing the port's logistics function. Also, the construction and management of every traffic facilities are conducted by various organizations due to the functions for the facilities are dispersed among them, which has given rise to chaos and responsibility-shifting. As a result, worries about the friction among the organizations and the loss of function of the port hinterland exist. This paper analyzes the problems of inter-governmental functional distributions in the construction and management of the port hinterland of the Busan New Port based on the principles (theories) of functional distribution. In addition, this paper proposes improvements for the functional distribution. The results of the analysis indicated that the functions for housing and traffic facilities were duplicated and dispersed among organizations, resulting in an unclear division of responsibilities. Finally, the paper proposed solutions for the problems: the institutionalization of an administrative conference system among related organizations, using an integrated administration for a wide area (contracting-out, association among local governments), and establishing a special-purpose local government (association among local governments, BPA).

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.94-98
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• 2006

An optical microphone based on a dual-core fiber collimator and a membrane type micromirror serving as an optical head and a reflective diaphragm respectively was implemented. The micromirror diaphragm is suspended by a thin silicon bar linked with a frame, thus it is subject to a displacement induced by acoustic waves. The optical head incorporating two collimators integrated in a single housing gives light to and receives it from the diaphragm, rendering the optical microphone structure simple and compact. This dual-core collimator having a slowing varying beam profile facilitates the initial alignment of the optical head with the diaphragm, especially the distance between them. For the assembled microphone, the static characteristics were investigated tofind the operation point defined as the optimum distance between the head and the diaphragm, and a frequency response with a variation of about $\pm$5 dB for the range of up to 3kHz was achieved.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.19-39
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to explore the main characteristics regarding of implicating competence-based curriculum in Finland's home economics curriculum by analyzing curriculum documents and related literature. The research findings are categorized into four main characteristics. First, home economics in Finland belongs to the 7-9 grades. The key content areas are composed of 'food knowledge & skills and food culture', 'housing & living together' and 'consumer & financial skills' at an integrated approach. Secondly, the subject competences of home economics are not presented; however, the general objectives of transversal competences are defined in Finland's curriculum document. Transversal competences describe the aspects of the objectives that are emphasized in grades 7-9 and strengthens the connectivity with each subject. Thirdly, the objectives of home economics included in the instructions in Finland consist of a content system that links learning skills, content areas, and transversal competences. Both learning skills as a role of subject competences and content areas as objectives support teachers who restructure an curriculum. Fourth, in terms of achieving subject objectives, the assessment criteria in Finland home economics is to evaluate the achievement of good knowledge and skills through actual performance. Based on the research findings, the main features of the revised curriculum in Finland include encouragement of flexibility in education systems and learner's uniqueness in schools. If the implementation of subject competences in home economics is to be strengthened, it is necessary to intergrate the knowledge and competence, require a curriculum system for implements' subject competence, carryout assessment as learning to learn, and facilitate school community and teacher community for deeper co-operation.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.9-17
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• 2023

This study explores school location, school environment, educational conditions, and appropriate scale of schools in the context of Sejong City's development area and identifies effective school establishment plans based on the analysis of the needs of the educational community. The research questions for this study include, first, what is the change trend in the number of students as a result of the opening of schools in the development area of Sejong City to the present, and what differences are there between Sejong and other new cities? Second, what challenges arise in school location due to the occurrence of oversized schools and undergraduate institutions? Third, what challenges arise in school location that would limit the ability to create a safe school environment? Fourth, what aspects need to be improved in school location decisions to promote proper placement? A survey was conducted among parents and faculty members to collect data. The findings revealed that first, when establishing a school, identifying an appropriate location for the school was the top priority of the respondents. The second was the proximity of the school to dense housing, with a parent drop zone next to the school site. Third, to address the issue of lack of playgrounds and special class and care classes, respondents called for various measures such as securing school sites within a certain area. Finally, integrated operation schools and school facilities are required in preparation for decreasing school-age populations due to low birth rates.