• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.257-268
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• 2017

Objectives: This study was conducted to review the Toxic UseReduction Act of Massachusetts, USA, which has been evaluated as a successfulcase of a chemical reduction policy, and to search for ways to introduce it inKorea. Methods: We analyzed the implementation of the TURA by attending TUR Planning Course of the Toxic Use Reduction Institute in Massachusetts and researching the related literature. Results: As TURA took effect, the use of chemicals in Massachusetts was reduced, and cost savings were achieved in workplaces. The success factors for the legislation are considered to be support form the federal and state governments and the active participation of business and civic group. Domestic efforts to reduce toxic substances have already begun, so if the process of TURA is appropriately applied to domestic legislation of chemicals control, it would be expected to produce visible results. Therefore, we reviewed the 'Act on Chemicals Registration and Assessment', 'Act on Chemical Control' and 'Act on the Integrated Control of Pollutant-Discharging Facilities' and sought solution for applying TURA to each piece of legislation. For the first case, 'Toxic or Hazardous Substance List' and 'Establishment of Toxic Use Fee' is applicable. For the second case, 'Annual Toxic or Hazardous Substance Reports' is applicable. For the third case, 'Toxic Reduction Plans' and 'Toxics Use Reduction Institute and 'Toxic Use Reduction Planners' is applicable. Conclusions: The government should take notice appropriateness for the reduction of toxic chemicals and provide financial support. Businesses should invest in technologies that build trust with local communities, improve productivity, and reduce costs. Finally, civic group should cooperate with government and businesses.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.395-409
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• 2005

Nowadays, it is required that GIS(Geography Information System) should be introduced into tourism field. Therefore, this study suggests several directions as to how well GIS can be used and applied into tourism area. Several directions were made based on the previous literature review and the analyses of TGIS(Tourism Geography Information System) including domestic and foreign case studies. Overall, the research found that it were necessary for five main points to make a development of TGIS. First, TGIS database should be closely connected with Tourism Resources Information System database. Second, as one of an institutional devices, systems for supporting were needed to be prepared for businessmen and integrated information function. Third, as an administrative countermeasure, a mediation committee between the department and bureaus, Tourism Geography Information Circulation Management and Local Tourism Information Center should be established and operated Fourth, the methods for financial resource, which amplify the investment funds, should be established. Finally, universities must introduce a large number of specialists of TGIS by setting up the department of tourism geography information newly.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.71-88
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to examine particular variables that play a significant role in the difficulty of math test items in College Scholastic Ability Test (CSAT). The study also aimed to develop a model of measuring the item difficulty. Variables correlated to item difficulty were drawn from the review of the related literature and the analysis of the content and difficulty of the past test items of CSAT. The first instrument was designed by using the correlated variables. According to the results of correlation analysis, the second instrument was made by deleting the variables which showed relatively low correlation with item difficulty and by refining some variables. Several models were proposed by using the revised instrument. The comparison of the R square and cross validity of each model reveals that integrated regression model was the most stable and accurate among the proposed models. The study also showed that statistically significant predictors were choice format, content domain, behavior domain, and the degree of item familiarity in the order of proportion of variance accounted by the predictors. Despite the limited scope of the present research, it can be suggested that its findings provide useful insights into predicting math test item difficulty.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2014

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to analyse research trends about medical leech in the last 10 years. Methods: We searched the papers with key words of 'medical leech', '水蛭' in China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database (CNKI), Korean traditional knowledge portal, DBPIA, KISS. We classified the papers by year and content. Results: 1. Result of the classification on the basis of the research methods, 50 studies are clinical case reports, 301 studies are experimental paper, 599 studies are clinical trial study, 219 studies are literature review. 2. Result of the classification on the basis of the research topics, 454 studies are the effect of anticoagulant research, 84 studies are diabetes and renal disease research, 194 studies are pharmacological properties research, and 43 studies are effect of allergic and anti-inflammatory research. 3. The proportion of the coagulation effect study tends to decrease every year since 2006. 4. Leech research tends to decrease in last 3 years. 5. Recently, there are many research in psychiatry, orthopedic diseases and beauty. 6. There are 10 studies related to leech in Korean. Conclusions: The researches of medical leech are actively done. The diversity of subjects is getting wider and richer.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.134-149
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• 1999

In this paper an attempt was made to establish a direction in systematizing the technical education with regard to the relation to environmental education. This study was made mainly through literature review concerning the relationship between technology and environment, and thus this study has a purpose of connecting the contents of technical education with environmental education. It will provide referential data for environmental education. The main text of this study dealt with which goal to establish in the technical education from the viewpoint of academical position considering the relationship between technical education and environmental education. Also, it dealt with the organization of contents of environmental education according to the 7th curriculum and, as a result, it reached the following conclusions: In the first place, technology and environmental education which have close relationship with each other should be considered in the developmental aspect. In the second place, technology, in any directions, affects natural environment. In the third place, environmental education should be done by the integrated approach and one of the alternatives can be through SET education including society and culture, environment, and technology all together. In the fouth place, the environmental education should be environmentally sound and developed sustainably so that the technology can be developed along with environment. One example can be found in the ecological architecture. In the fifth place, the environmental education which is a souce of technical education has its necessity in 8 aspects. In the sixth place, according to the 7th curriculum, the following can be the teaching contents which will connect technical education and environmental education: gardening, vegetable raising, planting and trimming, the future techniques, energy and transportation techniques, and so on. In the seventh place, the technical education can have seven goals concerning environment. In the eighth place, the environmental education in the technical education should be considered in the aspect of contents, of teaching and learning, of evaluation, and of the relations with subjects. In the ninth place, should be included as teaching materials of the units of technology textbooks where environment education will be dealt with.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.222-237
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• 2012

Air-containing fashion, which can offer diverse functions through the inflow and outflow of air, is highly relevant in today's mobile society, where people are experiencing a wider range of environments. This study attempts to suggest the possibility of air-containing multi-functional fashion that could continuously be utilized by developing a design for an air-containing jacket using modular systems. In this research, the modular systems in architecture and furniture design were referenced through a review of the literature for the purpose of establishing modular systems in fashion. Functions relevant to the mobility of today's society are derived from the results of advanced research and applied to the design of modules of the jacket. The modules are integrated through the modular systems. The folding and unfolding structure in architecture and furniture is applied as a folding system in fashion, the vertical accumulation structure as a layering system, and the horizontal integration structure as a combining system, and in addition, the containing system has emerged in fashion. Each module is designed to fulfill certain functions, such as cushioning, heat insulation, and portability. The folding system is utilized in designing the cushion module to support the neck and back of a wearer by making its hood and hem fold in the back. The application of a layering system was suggested by making the vest, combined with the neck cushion and back cushion via the combining system, layered with its insulation module. By applying the combining system, the hood that includes the neck cushion, the skirt that includes the back cushion, the body that includes the insulation module, and the sleeves can be connected and separated by a zipper. The applicability of this concept was proven by applying a developed design to an actual item.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.19-39
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• 2003

Purpose: Although there is a lot of secondary data available for comparing community health status and planning health policies in terms of large area such as metropolitan cities or provinces, there is restricted data for establishing community health policies of the small areas such as towns, Gun(i.e., districts), and Gu. Specifically, the problems of producing a valuable index for health promotion in small areas are three fold: First, there is not an appropriate index model for measuring a small community health status. Second, a large part of secondary data in the small areas has been produced in an irregular time interval. In addition, all valuable data can not be integrated without time consuming work. Thus this study tries to establish a health promotion index model for assisting community health promotion initiatives of local governments. Methods and materials: Literature review, community health specialist consultation and a questionnaire survey was performed. Results: Based on Dever's model, a prototype of health promotion indicators was proposed and modified by the community health specialists. 15 classification scheme of statistical yearbook reorganized into the six areas. Those six areas were comprised in 24 indicator class with 96 specific indicators. Through further modification processes by a questionnaire survey, we developed a health promotion indicator model that contains six areas with 23 indicator class encompassed by 87 specific indicators. Conclusions: This study proposed a model of health promotion indicator comprised in the six areas with 23 indicator classes for measuring small area health promotion status. However, more specific or additional data in human biology, environment, and socioeconomic data is essential for producing a stronger model for health promotion measurement.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.27-36
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• 2007

Recently, hospital patients experience anxiety, confusion, and stress about wayfinding as the spacial layout and treatment circulatory system of hospitals have become complicated due to their oversized and complex structure. As part of finding a solution to the problem, this study seeks to examine what are the essential elements of the wayfinding planning of O.P.D. in general hospitals, to develop the model of wayfinding, and to suggest the methods of improving the wayfinding system. The research methods of this study adopted were literature review in wayfinding cognition, plan analysis of ten general hospitals, space analysis of these hospitals through space syntax, analysis of the system of visual-perceptual information through a field study, and analysis of surveys and follow-up surveys conducted to support the results. Based on these results, the proposals for finding decision points, providing the information, and developing a model planning are listed as follows. 1) The comprehensive understanding of O.P.D. spacial layout and the visual-perceptual information system is necessary to find the essential elements of wayfinding. 2) The decision points are found through the full understanding of spacial functions, circulation systems, and facility configuration, considering the spacial layout, the bound of the visual-perceptual information system, and the circulatory system. Furthermore, the information decision points could be confined by space syntax. 3) The checklist and color compound & color codes, developed through the planning of signage system and color system could be applied to the methods of providing the information. 4) The planning of wayfinding system according to the whole process of practices for outpatients was mentioned above. The system of visual-perceptual information developed through the process of this study should be integrated in the spacial layout of the whole O.P.D.

• Korean Business Review
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• v.13
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• pp.67-87
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• 2000

There has been remarkable growth in the study of the role played by affect in advertising in the past 16 year. The research of the role in advertising has studied in different perspectives, provide guidelines for practicers. But the evidence of these research have limits to service advertising creative strategy, because of no integrated framework. The goal is to provide broad assessment and insight of the role played by affect in advertising from academic literature. This article are discussed the concept relating affect, the type of advertising appeal, affect and context effects, affect and individual different in reponses, affect and attitude toward the ad in advertising. Finally, from a critical analysis of state knowledge, this article suggested 5 directions for future research in the recommended areas.

• Archives of design research
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.223-230
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• 2002

The studies of souvenirs in korea are mostly limited to the development of souvenirs as tourism resources. The purpose of this study are as fellows. First, to develop the model of souvenir purchasing behavior and to segment a market. Second, To emphasize the value of a souvenir as cultural goods centered around it？ authenticity. Third, To establish an integrated concept through reviewing various definitions of souvenir. An extensive literature review was conducted in order to become familiar with salient issues in the authenticity and of souvenir？ and question are method was used and the collected data ware analyzebby means of SPSS/PC+. The major findings of the study may be summarized as follows: First, Tourism style, the congnition of a souvenir？ authenticity and souvenir purchasing behavior are different according to Tourists(equation omitted) nationality. Second, souvenir purchasing behavior is affected by the tourism style, tourist(equation omitted) of a souvenir？ authenticity and these three factors are interrelated.