• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.485-493
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• 1999

This paper presents the results of the first interlaboratory comparison of ambient particles measurement conducted by 5 laboratories under the framework of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment(KOSAE) on the May of 1998 in Seoul. Collection of particles less than 10$mu extrm{m}$(PM10) was carried out by two different types of PM10 sampler, and their concentration reported by three laboratories ranged from 36.2~56.05$\mu\textrm{g}$/㎥. Analyses of chemical composition of particles collected by each lab were performed by the destructive and nondestructive instrumental methods. Statistical analysis of the measurement results could not be carried out because a comprehensive QA/QC had not been applied before experiment. The importance of QA/QC as well as the performance of QA/QC for the measurement of PM10 was discussed in detail.

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.95.2-96
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• 2003

In order to develop a new microbial fungicide for the control of vegetable diseases using endophytic bacteria, a total of 260 bacterial strains were isolated from fresh tissues of 5 plant species. After they were cultured in broth media, their antifungal activities were screened by in vivo bioassays against Botrytis cinerea(tomato gray mold), Pythium ultimum(cucumber damping-off), Phytopkhora infestans(tomato late blight), Colletotrichum orbiculare(cucumber anthracnose), and Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei(barley powdery mildew). As the results of screening, 38 bacterial strains showed potent antifungal activities against at least one of 5 plant pathogens. A bacterial strain EB072 displayed potent disease control activities against 3 plant diseases. Among the bacterial strains with a potent antifungal activity against cucunlber anthracnose, three bacterial strains, EB054, EB151 and EB215, also displayed a potent in vitro antifungal activity against C. acutatum, a fungal agent causing pepper anthracnose. A bacterial strain EB215 obtained from roots of cucumber was identified as Burkholderia cepacia based on its physiological and biochemical characteristics and 165 rRNA gene sequence. An antifungal substance was isolated from the liquid cultures of B. cepacia EB215 strain by ethyl acetate partitioning, repeated silica gel column chromatography, and invitro bioassay, Its structural determination is in progress by various instrumental analyses.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.316-320
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• 2007

Chaetomium sp.배양체를 acetone에 침지하여 추출한 후 n-hexane, $CHCl_3$, EtOAc, n-BuOH 및 물로 분획하였다. 이중 EtOAc 분획을 silica gel 및 HPLC(ODS)를 이용하여 3종의 활성물질 A.C-3, A.C-4 및 A.C-5를 분리하였다. 각 화합물의 화학구조를 NMR 및 MS등의 스펙트럼 데이터와 문헌검색을 통하여 chaetoglobosin 유도체인 chaetoglobosin F, chaetoglobosin C 및 chaetoglobosin E로 동정하였다. A.C-3, A.C-4 및 A.C-5의 논피에 대한 유근신장 저해활성 검정 결과, $IC_{50}$값은 각각 66, 65, $67{\mu}g/ml$이었다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.251-258
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• 2018

We investigated microbial and quality changes in wrap-packaged dry-aged beef after completion of aging and subsequent storage in a refrigerator. After 28 days of dry aging (temperature, $4^{\circ}C$; RH, approximately 75%; air flow velocity, 2.5 m/s), sirloins were trimmed, wrap-packaged, and stored at $4^{\circ}C$ for 7 days. Analyses of microbial growth, pH, volatile basic nitrogen (VBN), 2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TABRS), and instrumental color, myoglobin, and sensory evaluation were conducted on days 0, 3, 5, and 7. The results show that the number of total aerobic bacteria (TAB), yeast, and lactic acid bacteria increased with an increase in storage days, whereas no change in the growth of mold was observed during 7 days of storage. Based on the legal standard for TAB count, the estimated shelf-life of wrap-packaged dry-aged beef was predicted to be less than 12.2 days. However, the shelflife should be less than 6.3 days, considering the result of sensory quality (odor, taste, and overall acceptance). No significant change in visible appearance was also observed during 7 days of storage. The results suggest that the present quality indicators for meat spoilage (pH, VBN, and TBARS) should be re-considered for dry-aged beef, as its characteristics are different from those of fresh and/or wet-aged beef.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.171-178
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• 1995

본 연구는 원제 phosalone (94.4%)에 함유된 불순물들의 동정과 원제 및 정제 phosalone의 in vitro와 in vivo에서의 독성효과를 조사하였다. 원제 phosalone에 대한 GC/MS 분석에서 phosalone oxon, 6-chloro-3-methylthio-2-oxobenzoxazole, 6-chloro-2-oxobenzoxazole, O,O,S-triethylphosphorodithioat (OOSTEPDT), dichlorophosalone 들 5개의 불순물이 동정되었으며, P-NMR 분석에서 OOSTEPDT와 phosalone oxon 등 2종의 불순물이 확인되었다. In vitro에서 원제 Phosalone과 정제 phosalone의 AchE와 BuChE에 대한 $k_i$ 값을 비교한 결과, 원제 phosalone이 정제 phosalone보다 약 10배 빠르게 ChE를 저해하는 것으로 나타났으며, cytosolic esterases에 대해서도 10배 정도 더 강한 저해력을 보였다. In vivo에서도 원제 phosalone이 정제 phosalone 보다 생쥐의 뇌 AChE의 활성을 약 35% 더 저해 하였으며, 쥐의 혈액 erythrocyte AChE와 plasma BuChE 그리고 cytosolic esterases의 활성도 더 심하게 저해하는 것으로 관찰되었다. 이러한 결과는 원제 phosalone 중 함유된 불순물들에 의한 것으로 사료되었으며, 특히 phosalone oxon에 의한 것으로 추정되었다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제38권2호통권149호
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• pp.133-138
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• 2007

Regarding chemical changes in oriental drugs after food processing such as roasting, fermentation, and extrusion, fifty commonly-used medicinal plants were investigated. As a result, Aurantii nobilis Pericarpium (a tangerine peel from Citrus unshu Markovich) showed remarkably different HPLC profiles after being roasted. An increased peak was isolated by repeated chromatography and identified as 5-hydroxymethyl furfral (5-HMF) by means of instrumental analyses. The 5-HMF content of Aurantii nobilis Pericarpoum reached its maximum level after being roasted for 30 min at 225$^{\circ}C$ (49.2 mg/g extract, ca 42 times of increase over untreated control). Although there were no significant changes in in vitro biological activity such as antioxidative, anti-dementia, anti-hypertension, anti-coagulation, or cytotoxicity, before and after roasting process, our results suggested that simple heat treatment might improve the value of the above oriental drug since 5-HMF has been known to possess inhibitory activities toward nitric oxide formation, tyrosinase, and sickling of red blood cells.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.81-88
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• 2007

톱밥을 이용한 중금속 제거에 관한 연구가 수행되어졌다. 납, 구리, 카드뮴 이온들 중에서 납의 흡착능이 pH 4에서 0.22 mmol/g-dry mass로서 가장 높았다. 톱밥의 표면상태와 납이온의 존재 여부는 FT-IR, SEM(Scanning Electron Microscopy) 그리고, EDX(Energy Dispersive X-ray)에 의해서 확인되어졌다. 초기 납 농도가 100ppm일때 0.5g의 톱밥으로 약 90%의 납 이온을 제거할 수 있었다. Langmuir model 식을 이용하여 납 이온에 대한 등온흡착선을 묘사하였으며 실험결과는 모델식에서 얻어진 결과와 잘 부합되었다. 또한 대부분의 흡착은 60분 내에 이루어졌으며 납 이온 용액의 pH는 5.8에서 4.5로 시간에 따라 감소하였다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.598-603
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• 1991

신규 미생물 Bacillus subtilis subsp. krictiensis의 배양액으로부터 식물 및 인체 병원균에 폭넓은 항진균 활성을 나타내는 DRF-001으로 총칭되는 6개의 cyclic peptide의 복합체(A에서 F)를 분리하였다. 이 6개 peptides의 분자량은 FAB-MS 측정결과, A가 1042, B와 C가 1056, D와 E가 1070 그리고 F가 1084였다. 이 복합체의 구조를 각종 자기분석을 통해 해석한 결과, 구조 중에 1몰씩의 glutamine, proline, tyrosine, serine 및 unusal $\beta$-amino acid와 3몰의 asparagine을 공통적으로 갖고 있으나, $\beta$-amino acid의 탄소수와 말단 methyl 구조에 차이점이 있음을 알 수있었다. 구성 amino acid들의 서열과 입체구조 결정에 의하여 KRF-001의 잠정구조를 결정하였다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제19권9호
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• pp.951-959
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• 2009

Most, if not all, Basidiomycetes mushrooms have biologically active polysaccharides showing potent antitumor activity with immunomodulating properties. These polysaccharides have various chemical compositions and belong primarily to the $\beta$-glucan group. In this study, the crude water-soluble polysaccharide HEF-P, which was obtained from the fruiting body of Hericium erinaceus by hot water extraction and ethanol precipitation, was fractionated by DEAE-cellulose and Sepharose CL-6B column chromatographies. This process resulted in four polysaccharide fractions, named HEF-NP Fr I, HEF-NP Fr II, HEF-AP Fr I, and HEF-AP Fr II. Of these fractions, HEF-AP Fr II was able to upregulate the functional events mediated by activated macrophages, such as production of nitric oxide and expression ofcytokines (IL-1${\beta}$ and TNF-${\alpha}$). The molecular mass of HEF-AP Fr II was estimated by gel filtration to be 13 kDa. Its structural characteristics were investigated by a combination of chemical and instrumental analyses, including methylation, reductive cleavage, acetylation, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results indicate that HEF-AP Fr II is a low-molecular-mass polysaccharide with a laminarin-like triple helix conformation of a ${\beta}$-1,3-branched-${\beta}$-1,6-glucan.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제20권7호
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• pp.1053-1060
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• 2010

Cordyceps militaris, an entomopathogenic fungus belonging to the class Ascomycetes, has been reported to have beneficial biological activities such as hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antimetastatic, hypolipidemic, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant effects. In this study, the crude water-soluble polysaccharide CMP, which was obtained from the fruiting body of C. militaris by hot water extraction and ethanol precipitation, was fractionated by DEAE-cellulose and Sepharose CL-6B column chromatographies. This process resulted in three polysaccharide fractions, termed CMP Fr I, CMP Fr II, and CMP Fr III. Of these fractions, CMP Fr II, with an average molecular mass of 127 kDa, was able to upregulate effectively the phenotypic functions of macrophages such as NO production and cytokine expression. The chemical property of the stimulatory polysaccharide, CMP Fr II, was determined based on its monosaccharide composition, which consisted of glucose (56.4%), galactose (26.4%), and mannose (17.2%). Its structural characteristics were investigated by a combination of chemical and instrumental analyses, including methylation, reductive cleavage, acetylation, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS). Results indicated that CMP Fr II consisted of the (1${\rightarrow}$4) or (1${\rightarrow}$2) linked glucopyranosyl or galactopyranosyl residue with a (1${\rightarrow}$2) or (1${\rightarrow}$6) linked mannopyranosyl, glucopyranosyl, or galactopyranosyl residue as a side chain. The configuration of the ${\beta}$-linkage and random coil conformation of CMP Fr II were confirmed using a Fungi-Fluor kit and Congo red reagent, respectively.