• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.369-382
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• 2013

Purpose: This study aimed to develop an educational program on nursing records especially focused on legal issues, and to test the effects of the educational program on nurses' knowledge, performance, and behavior. Methods: A textbook on legal issue-focused nursing records and an instrument with 36 items rated on a 5-point scale (1-5) for measuring the nurses' charting-related performance and behavior were developed from November 2007 through March 2008. A nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design was employed to test the effects of the education program. Knowledge was self-reported by the Nurse Charting Knowledge Scale, while performance and behavior were measured by their nurse managers. The pretest and posttest were conducted from March through May in 2008. A total of 226 Korean nurses participated in this study. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, Chi-square, paired t-test, Spearman's coefficient, and multiple regression. Results: Nurses who received the intervention showed greater levels of knowledge (t=10.28, p<.001), performance (t=2.53, p=.013), and behavior scores (t=3.07, p=.002) than those of the control group. The factors influencing the improvement of knowledge were 'job attitude' (t=-3.32, p=.001) and 'career in present unit' (t=2.95, p=.004). The factor influencing the improvement of performance was 'career in present unit' (t=-3.39, p=.001). The factor influencing the improvement of behavior was 'job attitude' (t=-3.46, p=.001). Conclusion: The educational program on legal issue-focused nursing records was effective in improving nurse charting-related knowledge, performance, and behavior.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.395-401
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• 2006

The aim of the study was to identify the in-service teachers' perception and needs of computer education courses for the purpose of developing and renewing the current courses of computer education courses in universities of education. We examined and analyzed the courses of elementary computer education department in national universities of education. We developed a survey instrument by aggregating the current courses provided by each university and listed the course titles in terms of computer systems courses, programming courses, theory and research courses in computer education, and computer-based instruction courses. 380 in-service teachers in elementary school participated in the study. We found in-services teachers perceived multimedia courses and multimedia data production courses seemed to be significant in current and future, while other courses such as theory and research courses in computer education were not important relatively.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.169-176
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• 2018

CS Unplugged education at the base of computer science is emphasized as an instrument for teaching the basic principles of elementary SW education, but these materials for elementary education are very lacking. So We'll present the data error detection and correction materials for elementary school classes. Based on previous studies related to this topic, we developed learning materials for elementary higher grade students using Hamming code. We introduces the card magic in the introduction part. 'error detection and correction' learning materials based on the principle of Hamming code, were composed as activity-based education. The results of the questionnaire survey showed that it had a positive effect on improving learners' understanding of computer science.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.215-222
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• 2020

The aim of this study was to develop a mobile application 'Beat Processing Device (BPD)' to record and quantify the data for the performance accuracy of rhythm production. BPD has been developed in three phases. First, we reviewed studies that used rhythm as main intervention strategy to improve cognitive functioning of older adults, and derived four basic rhythm idioms. Second, we developed an iOS-based mobile application, optimized the device, the instrument tone, and the measurement variables through preliminary test. Lastly, we tested the mobile application by comparing the performance data obtained from MIDI and BPD from 60 older adults. The device was shown to be reliable and consistent with other mode of measurement and analysis. Conclusively, BPD can be a useful tool for assessing rhythm production ability in the course of cognitive skills training.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.156-166
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• 2012

The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate the simple semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) for assessing folate intake in women of reproductive age. We developed a 30-item FFQ, and tested the reliability and validity in 97 women aged between 20 and 39 yrs using the FFQs and 24-h recalls, which were carried out twice, respectively. Assessing the reliability, the correlation coefficients were 0.53 (Spearman's) and 0.49 (Pearson's) for folate. There was no significant difference of folate intake between FFQ1 and FFQ2. 36.1% subjects were classified into the same quartile and 83.5% into the same or adjacent quartile divided by folate intake. On determining the validity, the mean folate intake obtained from the FFQ (FFQ1) and 24h-recalls (2-d) were $306.6{\pm}167.2{\mu}g/d$ and $326.9{\pm}103.3{\mu}g/d$, respectively. There was no significant difference between folate intakes from the two methods. The correlation coefficients for folate were 0.24 (Spearman's) and 0.26 (Pearson's). 39.2% of the subjects were categorized into the same quartile and 70.1% were into the same or adjacent quartile. In addition, sensitivity (64.3%) and specificity (62.3%) were estimated to evaluate the adequacy of folate intake. These results suggest that this FFQ would be a useful and a valuable instrument to assess the intake of folate among the Korean women of child-bearing age.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.208.2-208.2
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• 2012

The Slewing Mirror Telescope (SMT) is a key telescope of Ultra-Fast Flash Observatory (UFFO) space project to explore the first sub-minute or sub-seconds early photons from the Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) afterglows. The first realization of UFFO is the 20kg UFFO-Pathfinder (UFFO-P) to be launched on board the Russian Lomonosov satellite in 2013 by the Soyuz-2 rocket. Once the UFFO Burst Alert & Trigger Telescope (UBAT) detects the GRBs, Slewing mirror (SM) will rotate to bring the GRB into the SMT's field of view instead of slewing the entire spacecraft. SMT can image the UV/Optical counterpart with about 4-arcsec accuracy. However it will provide a important understanding of the GRB mechanism by measuring the sub-minute optical photons from GRBs. SMT can respond to the trigger over $35^{\circ}{\times}35^{\circ}$ wide field of view within 1 sec by using Slewing Mirror Stage (SMS). SMT has 10-cm Ritchey-Chretien telescope and $256{\times}256$ pixilated Intensified Charge-Coupled Device (ICCD) on focal plane. In this paper, we discuss the overall design of UFFO-P SMT instrument and payloads development status.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.5-18
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• 1996

The purposes of this study were to measure the degree of perceived uncertainty and to identify the rearing attitudes of mothers with chronically ill children, and to examine the relationship between the perceived uncertainty and the rearing attitude of these mothers. The subjects of this study consisted of 133 mothers with chronically ill children, registered at 2 university hospitals in Seoul. Data was collected from April 1 to May 31, 1996. The Parents' Perception of Uncertainty Scale(28-item 4 point scale) and the Maternal Behavior Research Instrument (49-item 5 point scale) were used. Data was analyzed by Cluster analysis, ANOVA MANOVA and t-test. Results of this study are summarized as follows : 1. Mothers perceived their uncertainty to be slightly high (Mn 2.48). The degree of perceived uncertainty by the four components slightly differed unpredictability(2.72), lack in clarity(2.58), vagueness (2.52) and lack of information(2.04) . The degree of perceived uncertainty of mothers with ill children revealed to be influenced significantly by the age of the ill children, duration of illness after the diagnosis, and the experience of hospitalization. 2. Among the rearing attitudes : moderatlely high affective(Mn 3.98) and resrictive(Mn 3.58) attitudes of mothers toward their ill children were identified. Mothers tend to give positive evaluations of their childrens' behaviors (Mn 3.38) and less rejection(Mn 2.81). 3. Mothers' rearing attitude were correlated with the degree of perceived uncertainty in illness ; mothers in the Low Perceived Uncertainty Group (Mn 1.99) revealed the highest affective (Mn 4.08), the lowest resrictive(Mn. 2.72) attitudes and tendency to give positive evaluations of their childrens' behaviors (Mn 3.54) compared to the High Perceived Uncertainty Group(Mn 3.26) and Moderate Perceived Uncertaity Group(Mn 2.57). 4. The degree of perceived uncertainty, the duration of illness after the diagnosis and the experience of hospitalization revealed to be significantly influential to the rearing attitude of mothers with chronically ill children. From the above results, it can be concluded that predicting and controlling mothers' uncertainty are necessary for improved, efficient nursing interventions and normal growth & development of the chronically ill children.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.38-49
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the needs of a mother when getting the information from the child care web sites. The subjects of this study were collected through on-line and off-line and constituted of 157 mothers who had neonates and infancy. All the mothers could use the internet. On-line subjects were 135 mothers who were the members of "Child Rearing" circle of internet portal site, Daum (www.daum.net) and off-line subjects were 22 mothers who visited the pediatric outpatient department. The instrument had 15 items about needs for information of the child care web sites. 12 items were multiple choice-questions and 3 items were open questions. In data analysis, SPSSWIN 10.0 program was utilized for descriptive statistics. The results were as follows. 1. The most useful web content that mothers represented was food and nutrition(24.4%) and the other rated as following order; growth and development(21.1%), supports among parents(16.8%). 2. The most great web problem that mothers represented was depth of content(43 people) and the other rated as following order; objectivity, specialty and reliability of content(29 people), no problems (23 people), too much advertisements(17 people), obligation on member(4 people). 3. Mothers represented the highest information needs about play and education(65 people) and the other rated as following order; nutrition(44 people), managements of common health problems(39 people), experiences of other parents(10 people), child caring methods (38 people), exchanges of things(7 people). 4. Mothers represented the highest consultation needs about common health problem (62 people) and the other rated as following order; growth and activity(60 people), play and education(30 people), nutrition(22 people), child caring methods(9 people).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.111-118
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• 2002

These days, surveying instruments are developing rapidly and the precision is improving continuously. The building of three dimensional terrains of high precision are possible and the calculation of the areas or the volumes have high precision due to the development of the technique of the spatial information system using computer. But actually, in construction site they calculate two-dimensional area using the traditional method, plate table surveying, planimeter, and then get three-dimensional area through multiplying two-dimensional area by the slope correction factor. In this study, we show the defect and inefficiency of the calculation of area by the traditional methods and survey the area with Electric Distance Measurement and GPS instrument. With this data, we made the three dimensional terrain model and calculated two-dimensional area, three-dimensional area. After that, we compared areas that calculated by algorithm of triangulated irregular network and analysis of grid method with standard area that calculated by the traditional method. Finally, this paper suggested more effective and precious method in calculating three-dimensional area.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.298-303
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• 2020

Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) is now the first choice to determine the high-resolution structures of huge protein complexes. Grids with two-dimensional arrays of holes covered with a carbon film are typically used in cryo-EM. Although semi-automatic plungers are available, notable trial-and-error is still required to obtain a suitable grid specimen. Herein, we introduce a new method to obtain thin ice specimens using real-time measurement of the liquid amounts in cryo-EM grids. The grids for cryo-EM strongly diffracted laser light, and the diffraction intensity of each spot was measurable in real-time. The measured diffraction patterns represented the states of the liquid in the holes due to the curvature of the liquid around them. Using the diffraction patterns, the optimal time point for freezing the grids for cryo-EM was obtained in real-time. This development will help researchers rapidly determine high-resolution protein structures using the limited resource of cryo-EM instrument access.