• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.840-845
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• 2010

This paper proposes the method indirectly measuring the operating force of the end-effect tip of surgical robot instrument which conducts the surgical operation in the body on behalf of the surgeon's hand. Due to the size and safety obligation to the surgical robot instrument, it is difficult to measure the operation force of its tip like grasping force. However the instrument is driven by cable-pulley torque transmission mechanism and when some force is occurred at the tip, then the reaction force appears on the cable as additional tension. Based on this phenomenon, this paper proposes a method to estimate the operating force from measuring reaction force against the driving motor by using a loadcell. And it induces mathematical equation to calculate the force from loadcell by approaching the modulus of elasticity to high order polynomial. And this paper proves the validity of proposed mechanism by experimental test.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.339-347
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• 2004

This paper asks the question: what choice of environmental policy instruments is efficient to reduce sulfur dioxide from stationary sources\ulcorner: In Korea, command and control has been a common way of controlling $SO_2-emissions.$ When compared to the non-incentive environmental policy instrument such as command and control, economic incentive environmental policy instrument has been the advantage of making polluter himself flexibly deals with in marginal abatement cost to develop environmental technology in the long view. Therefore, the application possibility of the incentive environmental policy instrument was studied in this research to realize the countermeasure for controlling of $SO_2-emissions.$ As a result, enforcement of the countermeasure such as flue gas desulfurizer by command and control would be suitable because power generation is performed by the public or for the public in source of air pollution and thus, economic principle is not applied to the polluter. In the source of industrial pollution, enforcement of fuel tax is found to be suitable for the countermeasure for the use of low sulfur oil in terms of the flexibility of demand for the price in the long tenn. For the permissible air pollution standards applicable to all air pollutant emitting facilities, enforcement of incentive environmental policy such as bubble, off-set, banking policy or tradeable emission penn its would be ideal in long terms according to the regional characteristics and the number and scale of air pollutant emitting facilities.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제48권12호
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• pp.893-918
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• 2010

This article is purposed of reviewing the development history of Japanese dental devices and instrument, and their related advertisement activities during the Japanese colonized period in Korea in early 20th century. Japanese dental devices and instrument were redesigned to accommodate their ergonomic shape above the simple imitation, and it implies the excessive desires brought them frustrations. The tragic earthquake on Sep. l, 1923, medical insurance law enforcement on Jan. 1, 1927, celebration of "Cavity prevention Day" started on Jun. 4, 1928, and the attack of Manchuria and China by Japan after 1931, all of these historical incidents become the preliminary requirement for the development of dental devices. On Nov. 1, 1937, Japanese government started to control dental materials, driving the campaigns for excluding foreign products and encourging the use of local products. In 1939, Nakajima dental manufacturers used this political and social atmosphere on their advertisement as saying "Our Nakajima's products have no compromise with the short raw materials, but only commitment to our quality". Since after 1940, the price and supply have been strongly under control, and the control group was appeared to manage all of supply and distribution of raw materials, regular price system, and specifications. At last, the Japanese national power were devastated in its production and distribution capacities, and get to the frustrated period. The main advertised dental devices and instruments in Korea during the Japanese colonized period were 1) dental chair, unit and cabinet, 2) dental x-ray, 3) compressors, 4) dental needles, 5) small instrument and carryon medical(emergency) kit, 6) oral hygiene and pyorrhea alveolaris, infrared rays, sunlight lamp, ultrashort wave treatment devices, 7)crown former, electric furnace, casting machine, articulator, electric lathe, and laboratory equipments, etc.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.193-197
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• 1999

By the report of KISCO, the 54.20% of total disaster and the 20.87% of death disaster was caused by unsafe position-control. However, it is possible to decrease this kind of disaster rate by designing the control device in the consideration of safety. One of the most popular control device is vehicle instrument panel. Therefore, not only basic function but safe control under the driving environments should be considered when the vehicle instrument panel is designed. For safe control at the driving time, it is especially important to determine the priority of each part using emergency degree and usage frequency, and to set them with this priority for easy control position. In this paper, developing method to determine the priority of each part by pair-wise comparison for emergency degree and usage frequency was suggested and generated the mutual order weights to give them orders. To apply this method to the parts of instrument panel such as function button, audio, air conditioner, and other several detail parts, the direct questionnaire was implemented to drivers about the emergency degree and usage frequency of each part.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.108-114
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• 2022

Background: Students in the department of dental hygiene are exposed to injections and sharp instruments during clinical practice. Therefore, it is necessary to develop measures for a safe practice environment. This study aimed to investigate dental stabbing accidents caused by dental instruments during clinical practice among students in the department of dental hygiene and suggest appropriate preventative measures. Methods: This study was conducted from May 1 to June 30, 2016, with students in the department of dental hygiene located at several universities in Seoul and Gyeonggi area. The study included 339 participants. A frequency analysis was performed to determine the general characteristics of dental infection control. A cross-analysis was conducted to identify the relationship between dental infection control education, stabbing accident prevention education, and treatment after stabbing accidents with a dental instrument. Results: Among the participants, 81.1% received dental infection control education and 66.4% received stabbing accident prevention education. Only 50.9% received hepatitis B vaccinations. Conclusion: Dental infection control education and stabbing accident prevention education were shown to be effective in preventing dental instrument stabbing in students. However, post-accident processing, such as reporting to upper management and medical treatment after the accident, was insufficient. Therefore, it is necessary to present a treatment flowchart for dealing with stab accidents in clinical practice for students in the department of dental hygiene and strengthen education.

• 가정∙방문간호학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.37-47
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to develop an instrument that measured adherence to self-management among patients with hypertension, and to verify the validity and reliability of the developed instrument. Methods: The 34 indicators that underwent the content validity test were provided to 202 subjects for investigation The collected data were analyzed using SPSS Ver. 22.0 and Amos Ver. 25.0. Results: Five factors, 'interaction,' 'lifestyle change,' 'continuing motivation,' 'medical care', and 'weight control' were extracted, and the total cumulative variance was shown to be 61.75%. The test statistic of the regression coefficient was statistically significant according to the confirmatory factor analysis. Conclusion: It is suggested that more research is needed to generalize the instrument to suit more candidates, while continuing to refine the reliability and validity of the instrument.

• 한국정보과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보과학회 2003년도 가을 학술발표논문집 Vol.30 No.2 (3)
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• pp.712-714
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• 2003

과거 우리는 장비에 대한 제어 및 모니터링 소프트웨어의 효율적인 생성을 위한 프레임웍[1][2]을 제안하였다. 제안한 프레임웍은 세가지의 XML 문서(IID, MAP, CMIML), VI Wizard, Generator로 구성되었다. 본 논문에서는 제안한 프레임웍의 핵심이라고 할 수 있는 VI Wizard에 대한 설계와 구현을 보인다. VI Wizard는 장비의 인터페이스 정보를 기술하고 있는 IID(Instrument Interface Description) 문서를 이용해서 GUI 기반으로 VI(Virtual Instrument)를 구성하고, 새롭게 구성된 VI를 이용하여 장비의 제어정보, 사용자 인터페이스 정보, 모니터링 정보, 통신 정보, 스케줄 정보 등을 기술하는 CMIML(Control & Monitoring Instrument Markup Language)문서를 생성한다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.136-144
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• 1996

We developed a part of stroke sensing cylinder for position control of automatic excavator and its measurement system. In this paper, for development of stroke sensing cylinder, we consist of 2-axis control instrument system with Hall sensor. A performance of piston rod with magnetic scales is evaluated by the developed measurement system. Furthermore, the position control for good performance of instrument system is achieved by a sliding mode control which is a new method diminishing the chattering in that control by setting 2-dead band along the swtching line. The unknown parameters for sliding mode control are estimated by the signal compression method.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1995년도 하계학술대회 논문집 A
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• pp.219-223
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• 1995

This paper deals with the robust control system for parameter variations, fast responses and load torque variations. Frist, fuzzy-sliding adaptive control be used to. Fuzzy-sliding adaptive control is good at fast response. Second, there are many requests for selecting freely the moment of inertia, even though moment of inertia is determined with the materials, structure, shape, and size of the motors. Therefore we developed an inertia-lowering control system that uses torque observer to reduce the moment of inertia. Finally, using torque observer, torque control is done so as to compensate load torque. Consequently, the proposed system verified the superiority through the simulations using MATLAB.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.221-232
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• 2017

Purpose: This study aimed to conduct a systematic review and to describe characteristics of the birth experience assessment instrument. Methods: Literature related to the development of the birth experience assessment instrument was examined using a systematic review method. A literature search was conducted using the keywords as '[normal birth]; [$satisfac^*$ OR care quality]; [instrument OR scale] AND (development)' through PubMed, CINAHL, SCOPUS, PsycINFO, and RISS. The search used quality appraisal through QUADAS (Quality Assessment of studies of Diagnostic Accuracy included Systemic reviews) yielding 17 records. Results: The birth experience assessment instrument was categorized for instrumental characteristics: birth satisfaction (n=8), perception of labor experience (n=5), and birth care quality assessment in normal and operative birth experiences (n=4). Important key elements for content characteristics were as follows: nursing practice (n=10), pain control (n=5), environment (n=5), participation (n=4), and support (n=4). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the birth experience instrument is appropriate for measuring quality of birth care in various clinical conditions. This review of the birth experience instrument reports that an appropriate psychometric tool for enhancing quality of birth care is important.