• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.81-83
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• 1977

A study was conducted on the preparation of Ramyon using composite flours of raked barley (20 or 30%)-wheat(80 or 70%) in commercial plant scale and on the quality evaluation of Ramyon made from those flours. The naked barley(20%)-wheat(80%) flour gave acceptable Ramyon-making characteristics during the continuous Ramyon manufacturing process. The composite flours had a higher water absorption rate in kneading process and oil absorption value of the Ramyon product than those of wheat flour alone. Even though the Ramyon of composite flours showed a little inferior value compared with wheat flour alone in the cooking and texture characteristics, sensory panel scores of Ramyon indicated that the naked barley (20%)-wheat(80%) flour was acceptable in Ramyon.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제31권7호
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• pp.1130-1138
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• 1998

The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between changes in body temperature, adiposity and sympathoadrenal activity in normal weight female college students, eating an instant-noodle lunch in a laboratory setting at ambient temperatures of 22-24.8$^{\circ}C$. Preprandial epinephrine(EPI) concentration, as an indicator of adrenal activity, was inversely and significantly correlated with body weight, body mass index(BMI), and waist girth. Changes in pre- and postprandial EPI concentrations showed positive correlations with % body fat, fat mass, waist girth, hip girth, and waist/hip girth ratio(WHR). The preprandial norepinephrine (NE) concentration was negatively correlated with recovery time from the peak postprandial core temperature to the meal-start core temperature(RTST). However, the NE concentration, an indicator of sympathetic neural activity, was not related to anthropometric measurements in normal weight young women. In conclusion, adrenal activity was negatively associated with adiposity and central body fat distribution. Sympathetic activity was related to body temperature regulation capacity after a meal, but was not related to adiposity in normal weight young women. (Korean J Nutrition 31(7) 1130-1138, 1998)

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.276-280
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• 2007

메밀은 과민한 사람에게 식품알레르기를 일으킬 수 있다. 메밀 보통종의 BW10KD 단백질은 알레르기 유발단백질중의 하나로 알려져 있다. 가공식품에 함유된 메밀성분을 검출하기 위하여 메밀의 알레르기 유발단백질인 BW10KD의 유전자에 특이적인 primer를 사용하는 Polymerase Chain Reaction(PCR) 방법을 개발하였다. BW10KD유전자의 cDNA 염기서열을 이용한 5종의 primer sets로 7종의 다른 곡류 및 두류(보리, 밀, 조, 수수, 대두, 팥, 검은콩)에 대해 PCR을 수행한 결과, 사용한 primer set 모두 메밀에만 특이적인 반응을 나타냈다. 메밀 특이적 PCR방법을 이용하여 12종의 가공식품(메밀가루, 메밀국수, 메밀묵, 밀국수, 라면, 검은깨죽, 선식, 과자, 미숫가루 및 3종류의 시리얼)을 조사한 결과 메밀가루, 메밀묵 그리고 메밀국수가 메밀 성분을 함유하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 메밀특이적 PCR 방법은 메밀 보통종의 DNA를 1 ng까지 검출할 수 있었다. 본 PCR 방법은 식품 중에 함유된 메밀 성분을 신속 정확하게 검출하는데 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.203-208
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• 2010

21종류의 폴리스티렌 용기를 대상으로 용출조건에 따른 용기내 증류수로 용출되는 5종의 VOCs(톨루엔, 스티렌, 에틸벤젠, 이소프로필벤젠 및 n-프로필벤젠)를 Purge&Trap 장치를 연결하여GC-FID로 분석하였다. 각 표준물질은 1~50 ng/mL의 농도범위에서 직선성($r^2$ =0.9976~0.9995)을 나타냈으며, 검출한계는 0.041~0.092 ng/mL, 정량한계는 0.135~0.304 ng/mL 이었다. 용출조건은 첫째, $60^{\circ}C$에서 30분, 둘째, $95^{\circ}C$에서 30분, 셋째, 실생활에서 컵라면 섭취시를 고려하여 끓은 물을 부은 후 뚜껑을 덮고 3분간 유지한 다음 뚜껑을 열고 5분 동안 개방하여 용출시키는 것으로 설정하였다. 톨루엔, 에틸벤젠, 이소프로필벤젠 및 n-프로필벤젠은 평균용출량이 모든 조건에서 5 ng/mL 이하로 검출되었으며 스티렌의 경우는 $60^{\circ}C$에서 평균용출량이 4.02 ng/mL, $95^{\circ}C$에서는 52.71 ng/mL, 컵라면 섭취시의 조건에서는 17.23 ng/mL로 검출되었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.14-18
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• 1989

즉석 라면용 스-프의 살균법 개발을 위해 이들의 미생물 오염도와 방사선 조사 및 ethylene oxide훈증처리에 의한 살균효과 및 이화학적 특성 변화를 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 5종의 시료의 총균수는 $10^4{\sim}10^6/g$이였고 내열성 및 내산성세균이 $10^4{\sim}10^6/g$로서 총균수의 90%이상을 차지 하였다. 효모 및 곰팡이도 $10^2{\sim}10^3/g$정도 오염되어 있었다. 살균효과에 있어서 $7{\sim}10kGy$조사로 효모 빛 곰팡이는 완전 사멸되었고, 총균수는 $10^3/g$이하로 격감되었거나 사멸되었으며 이들의 $D_{10}$값은 $2.33{\sim}3.33kGy$범위였다. 이화학적 특성 변화에서 l0kGy조사구 와 ethyleneoxide처리구는 시료에 따라 차이는 있으나 산패도, 색도, 아미노태 질소는 다소 영향을 미쳤으며, ethylene oxide 처리구는 방사선 조사구에 비해 더욱 현저한 변화를 나타 내였다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.392-405
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• 2009

This study was conducted to investigate food and meal preference of workers (435 male and 212 female) in the Chonnam Yeosu industrial area. The results of the survey were analyzed by principal components analysis. The results were obtained as follows: 19.3% of the subjects were twenties, 28.3% were thirties, 28.8% were forties and 23.7% were fifties. Females liked rice rolled in dried laver, rice cakes, janchi-noodle and breads, on the other hand males liked thick beef soup, loach soup, an eel stew and soju. The young liked instant noodles, fried chicken, sweet and sour pork, pork cutlet, pizza, hamburger, ham, sausage and fruit beverage, on the other hand the old liked a fish pot stew, loach soup, eel stew, fish boiled in soy with spices, panfried fish, sea slug, ascidian, bunder, green laver and boiled burdock-lotus root in soy. Females who are young liked hamburger and sweet and sour pork whereas males who are young liked instant noodles, pork cutlet, ham, sausage and fruit beverage. Aged females liked fish boiled in soy with spices, panfried fish, bunder, green laver, boiled burdock-lotus root in soy whereas aged males liked a fish pot stew, loach soup, eel stew, sea mussel and oysters. Boiled rice was located within the middle irrespective of age and sex, but noodles, wheat flour meal, fast foods and fruits were situated at the young female side. Aged males liked soup and pot stew. Young males liked meats and eggs whereas fish and shellfish and kimch were located at the aged people side. Aged females liked sea weeds and most people disliked vegetables but females liked some vegetables irrespective of age. Processed foods, salted foods, and alcohol were generally disliked foods by subjects but males liked those foods. Soybean curd was liked more males than females, and teas, except coffee, was liked by males. (Korean J Community Nutrition 14(4) : 392${\sim}$405, 2009)

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.531-541
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• 2007

This study was conducted to determine factors affecting detection threshold and the optimally-preferred concentration for sweet taste, since investigation into factors decreasing sensitivity or increasing preference for sweet taste is important to prevent overconsumption of simple sugar. Subjects were 70 first-grade middle school students in the Gyeonggi-Do. The detection threshold concentration of sucrose solution and the optimally-preferred sucrose concentration of omija jelly were determined by sensory evaluation. A self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain the information regarding health-related lifestyle practices, dietary habits, preference for and eating frequency of Westernized foods and frequencies of eating foods other than home-made. The detection threshold concentration of sucrose solution and the optimally-preferred sucrose concentration of omija jelly of the subjects were 0.204% and 14.44%, respectively. Subjects who exercise less (< 30 minutes/week except PE class), skipping meals (${\geq}$ 3/week), type of breakfast rather than traditional Korean meal and frequent eating out and buying foods from school tuck-shop tended to have higher sweet taste threshold. There was significant positive correlation between the sucrose threshold concentration and fried chicken preference or eating frequency of hamburger. Those who exercise less (< 30 minutes/week except PE class) did have significantly higher optimally-preferred sweetness of omija jelly, which tended to be higher in the subjects who had more (${\geq}$ 4 out of 10) behavioral or psychological stress symptoms and who had early getting-up time (before 7 am). There was significant positive correlations between the optimally-preferred sweetness of omija jelly and pizza preference, instant noodle eating frequency or sum of eating frequencies of five fast foods. From the results of this study, it was suggested that middle school students should make efforts to stop skipping meals, exercise more, eat Korean traditional breakfast and reduce the frequencies of eating out and using instant/fast foods in order to prevent overconsumption simple sugar.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.737-744
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• 2010

국내 시판 쌀국수 10종을 구입하여 3군으로 분류하여 조리 특성과 관능 특성을 살펴보았다. 순수 쌀국수의 경우 제조사의 조리방법이나 조리시간에 따라 조리손실률과 경도, 부착성, 인장강도가 다르게 나타났다. 쌀가루 혼합 비율이 다른 시료의 비교에서 쌀가루 혼합 비율에 상관없이 국수가 굵을수록 단단하고 조리시간이 긴 시료일수록 부착성이 증가하였다. 불에 직접 삶지 않고 뜨거운 물을 부어 익히는 조리법 시료군이 국수의 조리 손실률이 현저히 낮았다. 특히 실온에서 일정시간 침수 후 뜨거운 물을 부어 조리하는 쌀국수의 조리 손실률이 유의적으로 낮았다. 국수 품질특성간의 상관성 조사에서 국수의 전반적인 기호도는 부착성, 응집성, 탄력성과 양의 상관성을 갖는 것으로 나타났다(p<0.01). 본 연구 결과에서 쌀가루 함량보다는 조리방법 및 시간, 국수 굵기, 최종 포장 상태에서 냉동, 냉장, 건면의 차이 등이 조리 특성과 조직감, 관능 특성에 다양하게 영향을 미친다는 것을 알 수 있다. 공통적으로 관능검사에서 덜 단단하고 쫄깃함, 부착성, 매끄러움성, 씹힘성, 탄력성이 높다고 평가될수록 쌀국수의 전반적 기호도가 높게 나타나 조직감에 의해 쌀국수의 기호성이 크게 좌우되는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 제한점으로 시판 쌀국수를 시료로 사용하였기 때문에 포장지에 나타난 정보에만 국한하였으며, 국수의 품질 특성에 영향을 줄 수 있는 쌀 품종, 국수 제조 방법, 첨가물 사용 유무 등을 고려하지 못한 점을 들 수 있다. 그리고 쌀국수 제품의 포장지에 제시되어 있는 제조사의 조리방법이 제품의 특성을 최대한 살릴 수 있는 적정 조리 조건이었는지 또한 추후 검토가 필요한 부분이다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 1993

This study was carried on the preferences for food intake pattern of Korean industrial workers. The survey was conducted from Feb 17, to March 31, 1992 by questionnaires which was composed of 21 items. The subjects of this study were composed of 426 clerical workers, and 439 physical workers. The results were obtained as follows. 1. In the educational background, clerical workers was almost of highschool or collage graduates, and physical workers was almost of highschool graduates. Marginal food cost of per person for lunch a day was from 500 Won to 1,000 Won. They replied that amount of staple food and side dishes were appropriate, and the type of preferable foods was Korean style cooked rice. Also it was known that physical workers thought their nutritive condition more badly than that of clerical workers. So the physical workers considered their health very much when they had meal. It was represented that unbalanced diet, without diet and drinking alcohol effected badly to food intake and taste of food was the most important point in food intake. 2. Preferences for staple foods; Cooked rice was preferred the most by the subjects. Cooked rice with redbean was preferred by clerical workers and cooked rice with soybean was preferred by physical workers and cooked rice with soybean was preferred by physical workers. Also clerical and physical workers liked Kalkooksoo (hot noodle), Nangmyun (cold noodle), bread, vegetable bread and disliked Sphagetti, Ramyun (Instant noodle) in same rate. In the next, cooked rice covered with raw fish pieces (Sushi) was preferred by clerical workers and Mandu-kook was preferred by physical workers. Also they disliked Curriedrice and Hashrice in same pattern. 3. Preference for side-dishes; The Acceptances for side-dishes were high soybean paste soup (clerical workers:43.7%, physical workers:34.4%), Kim chi stew, fried potatoes, crab steaming (37.8%, 36.9%), broiled fish (34.6%, 33.9%), fried green pepper, Ham, Chinese cabbage Kim chi, and pickled garlic by clerical and physical workers all together. But in clerical workers, Wooghugi beef-rib tang, Deodeok muchim, spinach namul, beef jangjeorim, fried shrimp were shown to have high preference in physical workers, beef-rib tang, wild onion and shepherd's purses muchim, soybean sprout, fish jeorim, fried sweet potatoes were high preference. 4. Preference of Snacks; The preferences for snacks were high in strawberry (clerical:36.3%, physical:34.3%), milk (49.9%, 44.4%), waxy rice Doek (30.7%, 30.2%), coffee (40.1%, 38.9%) by two groups in same order.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.391-406
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• 2015

Social media have emerged as new communication channels between consumers and companies that generate a large volume of unstructured text data. This social media content, which contains consumers' opinions and interests, is recognized as valuable material from which businesses can mine useful information; consequently, many researchers have reported on opinion-mining frameworks, methods, techniques, and tools for business intelligence over various industries. These studies sometimes focused on how to use opinion mining in business fields or emphasized methods of analyzing content to achieve results that are more accurate. They also considered how to visualize the results to ensure easier understanding. However, we found that such approaches are often technically complex and insufficiently user-friendly to help with business decisions and planning. Therefore, in this study we attempt to formulate a more comprehensive and practical methodology to conduct social media opinion mining and apply our methodology to a case study of the oldest instant noodle product in Korea. We also present graphical tools and visualized outputs that include volume and sentiment graphs, time-series graphs, a topic word cloud, a heat map, and a valence tree map with a classification. Our resources are from public-domain social media content such as blogs, forum messages, and news articles that we analyze with natural language processing, statistics, and graphics packages in the freeware R project environment. We believe our methodology and visualization outputs can provide a practical and reliable guide for immediate use, not just in the food industry but other industries as well.